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研究生:邱雅詩
研究生(外文):Ya-Shih Chiu
論文名稱:矽酸鈉及磷酸銨對土壤理化性質及土壤沖蝕影響之研究
論文名稱(外文):The Effect of Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate on Soil Properties and Erosion
指導教授:林俐玲林俐玲引用關係
指導教授(外文):Li-Ling Lin
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:水土保持學系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:水土保持學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2002
畢業學年度:90
語文別:中文
論文頁數:80
中文關鍵詞:土壤改良土壤沖蝕矽酸鈉磷酸銨
外文關鍵詞:Soil ameliorationSoil erosionSodium SilicateDiammonium Hydrogenphosphate
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 本研究為探討矽酸鈉及磷酸銨對改良土壤理化性質及土壤沖蝕影響,實驗材料為南投縣草屯鎮土城里10鄰壤土,分別於室內及室外土壤中添加濃度為0%、0.1%、0.5%及1.5%之矽酸鈉及磷酸銨靜置90天後,進行土壤基本理化性質、土壤保水力、土壤穩定性及室外人工模擬降雨沖蝕等實驗,分析比較結果如下:
1.土壤酸鹼度隨兩者添加濃度之增加而提高,但是矽酸鈉使酸鹼度變化極大,0.5%時已高達9.2,不適合大多數作物生長,建議低濃度使用為宜;磷酸銨則變化較和緩,較無此顧慮。
2.矽酸鈉及磷酸銨添加濃度1.5%時,土壤之總體密度最小,土壤團粒化作用最顯著。
3.土壤添加矽酸鈉及磷酸銨皆可降低液性限度與塑性限度,但塑性指數變化不大。
4.飽和水力傳導度及團粒穩定性方面隨矽酸鈉及磷酸銨濃度的增加而提高,尤其是添加1.5%濃度時效果最為顯著。
5.由土壤水分特性曲線得知添加矽酸鈉0.5%時土壤之保水能力最佳,0.1%最差;添加磷酸銨雖有相同趨勢但效果較不明顯。
6.室外模擬降雨實驗發現添加改良劑可降低土壤沖蝕量及逕流量,達到減少水土流失效果。
由以上結果,可得濃度0.5%以上之矽酸鈉及磷酸銨對於土壤保水能力及穩定度有較好改良效果,並可減少土壤沖蝕量及逕流量,達到較佳水土資源保育功效。
The purpose of this thesis is to study the effect of two soil amendments;namely, Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate on soil properties and erosion . The loam soil from Tu-Cheng was treated with Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate at four rates;namely,0,0.1,0.5 and 1.5% by weight .The treated samples were stored in plastic bags indoor and kept undisturbed outdoor for three months before analyzing. The physical and chemical soils properties for different treatments were measured and in situ soil erosion was measured with rainfall simulator. The results of the experiment were as follows :
1. The soil pH increased with increasing rate of Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate. However, the pH increased rapidly when the soil was treated with 0.5% Sodium Silicate, that would not be suitable for plant growth.
2. The bulk density decreased with increasing concentration of amendment materials, and the soil aggregated significantly when the amendment concentration is 1.5%.
3. The liquid limits and the plastic limits were decreased with Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate treatments, but the plastic index did not show obvious change .
4. Hydraulic conductivity and aggregate stability increased with increasing rate of Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate, especially with the 1.5% treatment.
5. Higher water holding capacity was obtained with 0.5% Sodium Silicate treatment. However, there was no significantly different with Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate.
6. Soil erosion and runoff decreased with Sodium Silicate and Diammonium Hydrogenphosphate treatments.
第一章 前言
第二章 前人研究
  第一節 矽酸鹽類對土壤改良之影響
  第二節 磷酸鹽類對土壤改良之影響
  第三節 土壤沖蝕之相關研究
  第四節 人工模擬降雨機相關研究
第三章 研究材料與方法
  第一節 研究材料
  第二節 研究方法
第四章 結果與討論
  第一節 土壤基本性質分析
  第二節 土壤保水力分析
  第三節 土壤穩定性分析
  第四節 模擬降雨觀測結果
第五章 結論與建議
第六章 參考文獻
附錄A 基本性質實驗數據
附錄B 保水力實驗數據
附錄C 穩定性實驗數據
附錄D 人工模擬降雨觀測實驗數據
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