臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究於2000年10月至2001年9月間，在台灣東部水璉牛山海岸林生態系，由海岸至內陸的不同植群，選定8個樣區，包括砂地草本植群（N2樣區）、海岸岩隙植群（N3樣區）、海岸灌叢草原（N4 、N8樣區）、荊棘疏林（N5樣區）及不同海拔高度的海岸林（N6、N7、 N9樣區），各樣區植群由海岸到內陸呈現梯度變化現象。為了解林下植群與節肢動物群聚的關係，利用掉落式陷阱杯及掃網加以調查，共採得節肢動物4,563隻，經分類及鑑定，共有5綱25目118科694個形態種，昆蟲綱佔69.5﹪，非昆蟲節肢動物佔30.5﹪，個體數以膜翅目最多，佔20﹪；形態種數則以雙翅目最多，佔20﹪。利用NTSYS-pc ver2.02對各樣區節肢動物做歸群分析，N2與N4樣區歸為一群，N7與N8樣區歸為一群，可能都是因位置相鄰，地被層植群結構相似所致，N3和其他樣區較不相似，可能是因其最接近海岸，受海風鹽霧影響較大。膜翅目歸群的結果，與全部節肢動物的歸群結果相近。若以各樣區節肢動物的個體數、種數及歧異度指數做歸群，大致可依喬木層的有無區分為兩群。水璉海岸林生態系節肢動物功能群組成百分比，以個體數而言，植物性分解者最多，佔31﹪，加上動物性分解者18﹪，分解者功能群共佔49﹪；以種數而言，植食性功能群最多，佔40﹪。水璉海岸林生態系屬於演替的早期階段，呈較不穩定的狀態，影響節肢動物群聚不僅是植群，還包括多變化的環境因子。本研究結果，可供海岸林生態系模式管理經營的參考。

The arthropod fauna at the understory of eight vegetation types of coastal forest ecosystem in Shuilien, eastern Taiwan were investigated from October, 2000 to September, 2001. Eight vegetation types include different succession stages, namely sand dunes vegetation (N2), cliff vegetation (N3), grassland and shrubland (N4 and N8), thorn forest (N5) and coastal forest (N6, N7 and N9). Arthropod fauna were studied by pitfall trap and net-sweeping. Microclimate (air temperature, relative humidity and light intensity) were also investigated.
Totally, 4563 individuals belonging to 694 morphospecies, 118 families, 25 orders, 5 classes, were collected. The insect arthropods were 69.5% and non-insect arthropods were 30.5% .
The investigated data and diversity index data of the eight plots were analyzed by using the program NTSYS-PC ver2.02. N2 and N4 plots, and N7and N8 plots were clustered together by the similar data of the whole arthropod fauna. Hymenoptera data are similar clustering pattern with the whole arthropod fauna. Local microclimate also affect the vegetation type, but the effects on whole arthropod fauna are not obvious.
The coastal forest ecosystem is in the early stages of succession. It is an unstable ecosystem. The coastal arthropod fauna are affected not only by vegetation types, but also by the variation of environmental factor and microclimate. This data obtained in this study are useful for the modeling as well as the management of coastal forest ecosystem.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………….….1
英文摘要…………………………………………………………….…….2
壹、前言…………………………………………………………………..5
貳、前人研究………………………………………………………..……6
參、研究地區環境概述………………………………………….…….…11
肆、調查方法與步驟………………………………………………..……13
一、樣區選定……………………………………………………….13
二、調查項目、方法與期間………………………………………..13
三、節肢動物鑑定及標本處理……………………………….……14
四、資料分析方法……………………………………………….….15
（一）植群調查分析…………………………………………..15
（二）節肢動物組成、歸群及多樣性分析… ………………..16
（三）微氣候因子分析………………………………………..16
伍、結果與討論………………………………………………….………17
一、植群調查分析………………………………………………..…17
二、節肢動物調查分析……………………………………….……19
（一）各樣區節肢動物組成比較與歸群分析…………..……21
（二）節肢動物組成之季節變化分析……………………….24
（三）節肢動物功能群組成及多樣性分析………………….25
（四）不同採集方法節肢動物組成之差異分析……………27
三、各樣區微氣候、植群及節肢動物群聚的關係分析……………27
陸、結論…..………………………………………………………………29
柒、參考文獻……………………………………………………………..30
捌、圖……………………………………………………………..……..35
玖、表……………………………………………………………………49
拾、附錄…………………………………………………………………53

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