臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

測定不同寄主昆蟲所分離之白殭菌（Beauveria bassiana）對甘藷蟻象（Cylas formicarius）的致病力，所得之死亡率以香蕉假莖象鼻蟲分離株（B.b-O）效果最好，天牛（B.b-C）及家蠶（B.b-B）次之，而蠼螋分離株（B.b-L）最差，其LC50分別為5.5×104、3.6×105、7.2×105及1.3×106 conidia/ml。比較四種菌株之發芽率，於培養第30小時前，以B.b-O菌株之孢子發芽速率最快，B.b-L最慢，至36小時後四種菌株之總發芽率則無顯著差異。而產孢量以B.b-O菌株於培養6天後之產量最高，為6.7×108 conidia/plate，顯示四種菌株在致病力及病原生理上皆有不同特。
以5、10、15、20及25％之含水量土壤接種白殭菌孢子懸浮液後，感染甘藷蟻象成蟲，以10％含水量土壤所得之死亡率最高，為98.3％；而含水量25％之土壤最低，為61.7％；LT50以10％含水量土壤最短5.4日。而以土壤混拌及土表噴佈方式接種不同濃度之白殭菌，以106 及107 conidia/ml濃度接種，兩種施用方式均可達65.0％以上之死亡率，且隨接種濃度升高而增加，但同一濃度、不同施用處理時則無顯著差異。於不同甘藷栽培區採集紅、黑兩種土壤，以相同濃度孢子懸浮液噴佈於兩種土表，相同時間處理時，紅壤所造成之死亡率較黑壤高；於不同感染天數甘藷蟻象成蟲，黑土組之死亡率隨感染天數增加而提高，而紅土組則以接種3及7天死亡率較高，分別為95.0及91.7％，顯示出白殭菌在紅土中感染甘藷蟻象具有較高之致病力，且於接種30天後仍具有良好之感染力。以pH4〜8.5之液體及固體培養基培養觀察白殭菌生長之情形，結果顯示菌絲生長較產孢有廣泛之pH適應範圍。在白殭菌製劑中四種不同製劑配方分別儲存於4、10、15、20及25℃中七日後，以接觸法測試對甘藷蟻象之死亡率，結果顯示儲存於低溫下（4、10、15℃），以豬油脂球配方組之死亡率最高，高嶺土粉劑最差，分別為100及73.3％；而在不同儲存溫度對製劑活性之影響，四種製劑皆以4、10及15℃較適合白殭菌之儲存。

中文摘要…………………………………………………….1
英文摘要…………………………………………………….3
前言………………………………………………………….5
文獻摘述…………………………………………………….7
材料與方法……………………………………………….. 17
結果與討論………………………………………………...26
參考文獻………………………………………………...…39
圖表………………………………………………………...46

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