跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.14.91) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/02/19 19:19
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:李仲暐
論文名稱:振動對玫瑰花切花品質影響之研究
論文名稱(外文):Study of Effect of Vibration on Quality of Rose
指導教授:鄭經偉
指導教授(外文):cw-cheng
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:農業機械工程學系
學門:工程學門
學類:機械工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2002
畢業學年度:90
語文別:中文
論文頁數:70
中文關鍵詞:玫瑰花振動呼吸率乙烯
外文關鍵詞:rosevibrationthe rate of breathingethylene
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:2
  • 點閱點閱:1158
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
摘要
本研究模擬玫瑰花運輸時的振動,以探討振動頻率與振動的時間在切花生理及老化上的影響,期使降低玫瑰花切花受振動時的影響程度,其中包括了鮮重的變化、吸水量、呼吸率及乙烯生成量。
本試驗所使用之材料為省產紅色之玫瑰花(Grand Gala)切花。材料在株枝剪下之後,立即插水以防止水分的散失,1.5小時內運送回實驗室內。本研究路面振動的模擬是以振動訊號產生器與振動試驗機配合,以模擬貨車行駛於高速公路時的路面振動。將切花以直立的方式濕藏置於保持於24℃之恆溫環境下的呼吸缸中,將呼吸缸密封後,加以振動2小時及4小時,振動頻率為20Hz,振幅為500μm。
玫瑰花切花的鮮重變化率趨勢線方程式可以利用 來表示,實驗得知振動過後的切花之鮮重下降速率比沒經過振動的對照組還快,在承受到振動逆境時,呼吸率會很明顯的提高。在吸水率方面,試驗過程中,第二天都會有較多的吸水量。運輸時的振動確實會使玫瑰花加速凋謝,縮短瓶插壽命,振動對於切花呼吸作用的影響主要發生在承受逆境的當時,呼吸率會急速上升,振動後乙烯也會先生成,可以證實運輸振動對於玫瑰花切花品質造成影響。
關鍵字:玫瑰花、振動、呼吸率、乙烯
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to simulate the vibration due to transportation for cut roses and then to discuss the relation between the vibration frequency, time and the effects of the cut flowers’ physics and aging. The items of experiments include the weight of flowers, the rate of water absorbing, the breathing rate and the production of ethylene. Hopefully, the effects of vibration on the cut roses can be reduced.
The Grand Gala, which is a kind of local product, was chosen as an experimental material. After cutting, the roses were put into water immediately to avoid losing water. The cut roses had to send to laboratory in one and half hours. In this research, we imitate the vibration of the trucks traveling on the high way by both signal generator and shaker. Kept the cut flowers standing in the breathing cylinders with water and the constant temperature of 24℃. After sealing the cylinders, they were vibrated with the frequency of 20Hz and the amplitude of 500μm.
The weight change of the cut roses could be represented as an equation of . The results showed that the rate of weight losing for the cut flowers with vibration was fast than that without vibration. Under the vibration stress, the rate of breathing increased. It was observed that the rate of water absorbing was higher on the second day. Therefore, it was concluded that the transport-vibration indeed sped up the death of roses and shortened the life of the flowers. The main effects of cut flowers due to vibration happened on that time when the stress came, in the mean time, the rate of breathing rose, the ethylene also produced. It was to conclude that transport-vibration could have the effect on the quality of cut roses.
Key word: rose, vibration, the rate of breathing, ethylene.
目錄
目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅰ
圖目錄 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- III
表目錄 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- V
壹、前言 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1 研究動機 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 研究目的 -------------------------------------------------------------- 3
貳、文獻探討 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4
2.1 玫瑰採收後之生理變化 ----------------------------------------- 4
2.2 水份變化 -------------------------------------------------------------- 6
2.3 乙烯的作用 ---------------------------------------------------------- 7
2.4 貯藏溫度 -------------------------------------------------------------- 8
2.5振動對於農產品的影響 -------------------------------------------- 9
2.6氣相層析儀 ------------------------------------------------------------ 11
2.7保鮮劑 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 13
參、理論分析 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
3.1電磁式激振器 ------------------------------------------------------ 15
3.2 運動方程式 ---------------------------------------------------------- 16
3.3 模擬振動 ------------------------------------------------------------ 18
肆、試驗材料與方法 ------------------------------------------------------------ 19
4.1 試驗材料 -------------------------------------------------------------- 19
4.2 試驗測試設備 -------------------------------------------------------- 21
4.3 試驗方法 -------------------------------------------------------------- 30
4.3.1 振動模擬試驗 ---------------------------------------------------- 30
4.3.2 保鮮處理 ---------------------------------------------------------- 32
4.3.3 二氧化碳及乙烯測定方法 ------------------------------------- 33
伍、結果與討論 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 34
5.1 鮮重變化 -------------------------------------------------------------- 35
5.2 吸水量與振動的關係 ---------------------------------------------- 38
5.3呼吸率與振動的關係 ---------------------------------------------- 42
5.4乙烯生成量與振動的關係 --------------------------------------- 46
陸、結論 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50
柒、建議 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52
捌、參考文獻 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 53
圖目錄
圖4.1實驗用玫瑰花 19
圖4.2熱傳導式偵測器 -------------------------------------------------------- 22
圖4.3火焰離子偵測器 -------------------------------------------------------- 22
圖4.4積分儀 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
圖4.5電子天秤 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 24
圖4.6電磁激振器輸出示意圖 ------------------------------------------------ 26
圖4.7電磁激振器剖面構造圖 ------------------------------------------------ 26
圖4.8抽風機 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 27
圖4.9振動試驗設備連接示意圖 -------------------------------------------- 27
圖4.10示波器 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 28
圖4.11 100cm呼吸缸 ---------------------------------------------------------- 29
圖4.12 35cm呼吸缸 ---------------------------------------------------------- 29
圖4.13分組之玫瑰花 ---------------------------------------------------------- 31
圖5.1玫瑰花垂頸現象 ---------------------------------------------------------- 34
圖5.2切花鮮重變化率折線圖 ---------------------------------------------- 37
圖5.3第一天振動實驗之玫瑰每日吸水量 -------------------------------- 39
圖5.4第二天振動實驗之玫瑰每日吸水量 -------------------------------- 40
圖5.5第三天振動實驗之玫瑰每日吸水量 -------------------------------- 40
圖5.6第四天振動實驗之玫瑰每日吸水量 -------------------------------- 41
圖5.7第五天振動實驗之玫瑰每日吸水量 -------------------------------- 41
圖5.8無振動(對照組)之二氧化碳生成比例 --------------------- 43
圖5.9第一天振動實驗之玫瑰二氧化碳生成比例 43
圖5.10第二天振動實驗之玫瑰二氧化碳生成比例 --------------------- 44
圖5.11第三天振動實驗之玫瑰二氧化碳生成比例 --------------------- 44
圖5.12第四天振動實驗之玫瑰二氧化碳生成比例 --------------------- 45
圖5.14第五天振動實驗之玫瑰二氧化碳生成比例 --------------------- 45
圖5.15無振動(對照組)之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 46
圖5.15第一天振動實驗之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 --------------------------- 47
圖5.16第二天振動實驗之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 --------------------------- 47
圖5.17第三天振動實驗之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 --------------------------- 48
圖5.18第四天振動實驗之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 --------------------------- 48
圖5.19第五天振動實驗之玫瑰乙烯生成比例 --------------------------- 49
表目錄
表5.1 切花鮮重變化率 -------------------------------------------------------- 36
表5.2鮮重變化率趨勢線方程式 -------------------------------------------- 36
捌 參考文獻
1. 吳仁彰。1997。氣相層析儀/熱感偵測器之靈敏度分析法在氣體濃度定量上的應用。科儀新知。19(3):19-25。
2. 范美玲。1993。切花採收要點與保鮮處理。花蓮區農業專訊。 (6):30 —33。
3. 振動共振分析系統操作手冊。金頓科技股份有限公司。1-2。
4. 氣相層析儀操作手冊。中國層析股份有限公司。1-2
5. 郭坤峰。1995。預措處理與保鮮劑對切花瓶插壽命之影響。花蓮區農業專訊。(14):7-8。
6. 陳彥睿。2000。如何使切花的保鮮處理更有效。台灣花卉園藝月刊。(128)。
7. 陳壽樁。1996。環境分析用層析儀。科儀新知。17(5):49-62。
8. 黃肇家。2001。切花保鮮要點。高雄區農業專訊。(19)。
9. 楊宏瑛。1995。園產品保鮮法寶Ⅱ-冷藏。花蓮區農業專訊。(11):4-9。
10. 楊海明。2000。玫瑰與康乃馨的保鮮處理。台灣花卉園藝月刊。(128)。
11. 鄭可均。1999。振動對香石竹切花影響之研究。碩士論文。台中。
12. 鄭可均、林瑞松、黃裕益、鄭經偉。2000。模擬運輸振動對香石竹切花影響之研究。農業機械學刊。9(1):1-18。
13. 謝美蓮。1998。乙烯、貯藏溫度及藥劑預措對玫瑰切花生理之影響。碩士論文。台中。
14. Amanda, S. B. and W. R. Woodson. 1992. Variation in flowers senescence and ethylene biosynthesis among carnations. Hortscience. 27(10)
15. Auer, C. A., and D. B. McConnell. 1984. Simulated transit vibration and silver thiosulfate application affect ethylene production and leaf abscission of beginia and schefflera [Foliar spray, transport stress]. Hortscience. 19(4):517-519.
16. Beyer, E. M. Jr. 1976. A potent inhibitor of ethylene action in plants. Plant Physiol
17. Camprubi C. and R. Nichols. 1978. Effects of ethyiene on carnation flowers cut at different stages of development. Journal of Horticultural Science. 53:17-22.
18. Caruso, H., and W. Sliver. 1976. Advances in shipping damage prevention. Shock and vibration Bulletin 46, part4.
19. Ceposis, M. J., and J. E. Butterfield. 1974. Retail and consumer losses of western pears in metropolitan New York. HortScience. 9(5):447-448
20. Cunningham, J. L.,and G. L. Staby. 1975. Ethylene and defoliation of ornamental lime plant in transit. HortScience. 10(2)
21. Charles S. Whitehead, Abraham H. Halevy, Michael S. Reid. 1984. Control of ethylene synthesis during development and senescene of carnation petals. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.. 109(4):473-475。
22. Cheeson, J. H., M. O’Brien. 1971. Analysis of mechanical vibration of fruit during transporation. Trans-ASAE. 14(2):222-224.
23. Cunningham, J. L.,and G. L. Staby. 1975. Ethylene and defoliation of ornamental lime plant in transit. HortScience. 10(2):174-175.
24. Kuc , R., and M. Workman. 1965. The relation of maturity to the respiration and keeping quality of cut carnations and chrysanthemums. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. 84
25. Liu, J. Y., and T. Kojima. 1997. Effects of vibration and storage temperatures on quality of Strawberrys. 日本農業設施28卷3號. 12:135-142.
26. Liu, J. Y., T. Kojima, M. Tanaka, and I. Tatana. 1998. Effects of vibration and storage temperatures on quality of Japanse pears. 日本農業設施28卷4號. 3:217-224.
27. Mao, L. C., T. J. Ying, Y. F. Xi, and Y. H. Zhen. 1995. Respiration rate, ethylene production, and ceiiular Leakage of Fig Fruit following Vibrational Stress. Hortscaence. 30(1):145.
28. Maxie, E. C., D. S. Farnham, F. G. Mitchell, N. F. Sommer, R. A. Parsons, R. G. Snyder and H. L. Rae. 1973. Temperature and ethylene effects on cut flowers of carnation. J. Amer. Hort. Sci. 98(6)
29. O’Brien, M., J. P. Gentry, and R. C. Gibson. 1965. Vibrating characteristics of fruits as related to in-transit injury. Trans-ASAE. 8(2):241-243.
30. O’Brien, M., R. C. Pearl, E. P. Vilas, and R. L. Dreisbach. 1969. The magnitude and effect of in-transit vibration damage of fruits and vegetables on processing quality and yield. Trans-ASAE. 12(4):452-455.
31. Pierson, T. R., J. W. Aleen and E. W. McLaughin. 1982. Produce losses in the U.S. food distribution system. Michigan State University Agriculture Economic Report. 442.
32. Peleg, K., and S. Hinga. 1986. Simulation of vibration damage in produce transportation. Trans-ASAE. 29(2):633-641.
33. Prussia, S. E., W. L. Craig, R. L. Shewfelt, B. H. Ashby, D. W. Bowman, and J. L. Jordan. 1989. Vibrational effects on product deterioration rates. Pap-Am-Soc-Agric-Eng. St. Joseph, Mich. (89/6023) 13p.
34. Reid, M. S. and M. J. Wu . 1991. Ethylene in Flower development and senescence. In The Plant Hormone Ethylene. A. K. Mattoa and J. C. Suttle, eds. CRC Press
35. Slaughter,D.C., R. T. Hinsch, and J. F. Thompson. 1993. Assessment of vibration injury to bartlett pears. Trans-ASAE. 36(4):1043-1047.
36. Slaughter, D. C., J. F. Thompson, and R. T. Hinsch. 1998. Packaging bartlett pears In polyethylene film bags to reduce vibration injury in transit. Trans-ASAE. 41(1):107-114.
37. Sommer, N. F. 1957. Surface discoloration of pears. California Agriculture. 11(1):3-4
38. Vergano, P. J., R. F. Testin, and Jr. W. C.Newall. 1991. Peach bruising: Susceptibility to impact, vibration, and compression abuse. Trans-ASAE. 34(5):2110-2116.
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top