臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗主要探討玉米自交系，對本達隆之耐感反應以及耐性差異之生理原因。根據玉米台農一號不同苗齡植株之株高、地上部鮮重、乾重及傷害指數性狀，以非線性回歸分析之log-logistic及probit model分析本達隆之劑量反應，在各性狀中以V1期對本達隆最為敏感，因此選定此時期篩選對本達隆具有不同耐感程度之品系。在玉米自交系族群篩選過程中，自264個玉米自交系族群中選出耐性品系LU21及感性品系TN89。經劑量反應、可見傷害等級、光系統II活性及細胞膜過氧化傷害之情形，耐性品系LU21皆小於感性品系TN89。
耐感玉米自交系在14C-bentazon（5.4 µCi）處理後24小時，對本達隆之吸收率並無明顯差異。在吸收14C-bentazon後觀察14C在植體內轉運分佈，耐性品系LU21有少量14C轉運至處理葉以上之部位及根部，而感性品系TN89則大多仍殘留在處理葉上。在代謝部份，以本達隆噴施及14C-bentazon處理二自交系測定本達隆及其代謝物之含量，明顯發現在耐性植體中短時間內即可快速形成6-hydroxy-bentazon及葡萄糖基結合物，但相較下感性品系植體中明顯較多本達隆殘留，且僅有少量6-hydroxy-bentazon及葡萄糖基結合物產生。進一步利用活體外（in vitro）方式測定耐感品系植體中bentazon-6-hydroxylase之比活性，隨著葉齡增加耐性品系bentazon-6-hydroxylase比活性亦高於感性品系。
綜合本論文試驗結果，經由比較耐感玉米自交系對本達隆之吸收、轉運及代謝，玉米自交系對本達隆耐感性差異原因主要在於本達隆之代謝能力。由於耐性品系LU21具有較高bentazon-6-hydroxylase比活性，因此可在短時間代謝本達隆降低其傷害。然而，感性品系TN89因bentazon-6-hydroxylase比活性較低，代謝能力不及耐性品系，因此殘留較多本達隆，而造成如光系統II活性下降、細胞膜之破壞而導致植株傷害程度較大。

Experiments were conducted to study the differential tolerance to bentazon in lines of inbred corn (Zea mays L.) and to determine the physiological basis of this tolerance. According to the analysis of log-logistic model or probit analysis of four growth characteristics, i.e. plant height, shoot fresh weight, dry weight and injury index of the corn, cv. TNG1, seedlings at six development stages, the most sensitive stage at V1 was determined. Subsequently, the screening of bentazon-tolerant and -susceptible lines of inbred corn was performed at this stage.
As a result of screening the bentazon-tolerant and -susceptible lines of inbred corn, line LU21 and TN89 are referred to a tolerant and a susceptible line, respectively. Under the bentazon treatment at the ED50 of seedling growth, tolerant LU21 at V1 stage only suffered a slight visible injury and a less inhibition of photosynthesis as well as a little accumulation of malondialdehyde 7 days after bentazon application, as compared with the susceptible TN89.
Further physiological study on the differential tolerance between tolerant and susceptible lines of inbred corn showed that the amount of 14C-bentazon absorbed by LU21 24 h after treatment was not significantly different from that absorbed by TN89. Most of absorbed 14C-bentazon remained in treated leaf of both LU21 and TN89, while only a little additional movement of 14C from the treated leaf to upper leaves and roots in LU21. Bentazon metabolism was greater in LU21 than in TN89, which was rapidly converted to the glycosyl conjugate of bentazon in LU21. However, only a relatively low level of bentazon metabolite and more bentazon residue have been found in TN89. In vitro activity of bentazon-6-hydroxylase in tolerant and susceptible lines of inbred corn showed that a higher activity of bentazon-6-hydroxylase was maintained in LU21 with seedling age. It is suggested that the differential tolerance to bentazon existed in tolerant LU21 is primarily resulted from the higher activity of bentazon-6-hydroxylase.

目錄...................................................i
圖目錄................................................ii
表目錄................................................iv
壹、緒言...............................................1
貳、前人研究...........................................4
參、材料與方法........................................18
肆、結果與討論........................................35
一、玉米台農一號不同苗齡植株對本達隆除草劑
之劑量反應....................................35
二、本達隆耐感玉米自交系之選拔....................42
三、耐感性玉米自交系對本達隆之反應及其耐感
性差異原因....................................50
伍、中文摘要..........................................82
陸、英文摘要..........................................84
柒、參考文獻..........................................86
附錄..................................................94

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