臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
研磨液之研磨號數、研磨時間及拋光液對於鏡片表面粗糙度與透光率之影響是本研究的研究目標，本論文以BK7光學玻璃作為實驗材料，以氧化鋁為研磨液，而氧化鈰為選用之拋光液。
BK7光學鏡片貼附於磨盤上與另一磨盤以相對運動進行研磨，將氧化鋁研磨液加注於磨盤與鏡片之間。而拋光過程亦如同研磨般進行，但拋光過程須另製作拋光瀝青模，始可獲得光滑表面。表面粗糙度是以探針式3D粗度儀所量測出。表面影像觀察乃利用薄膜影像擷取系統進行表面分析。而透光率是利用分光光譜儀來進行量測。
研究後結果顯示，＃1200研磨液為研磨過程中之最後選擇，研磨液最佳之研磨時間在15~20min中間。表面影像分析儀顯示氧化鈰拋光可產生一個高度平滑的鏡面，且其透光率是相當合理滿意。

Abstract
The determination of abrasive powder、grinding time and polishing powder which affect the surface roughness and transmission of lens is investigated in this paper. The glass material BK7, the abrasive of oxidize aluminum ,and the polishing powder of oxidize cerium are used in this experiment.
The optics lens is rubbing against a polishing pad on which an oxidize aluminum slurry is injected between them gradually. The polishing process is conducted in the same way as the grinding process, with an asphalt pad being used as a smoothing pad. The surface image observation is analyzed by the film image system, and the light transmission is measured by a spectrometer.
The result showed that ＃1200 of an abrasive powder is the final choice in lapping process, and the best lapping time is determined between 15 and 20 minutes. The analysis of the surface image processor indicates that cerium oxide polishing can produce a highly smooth lens surface and its transmission rate of light is satisfied.

目錄
中文摘要.......................................................I
英文摘要......................................................II
目錄.........................................................III
表目錄........................................................VI
圖目錄.......................................................VII
第一章 緒論....................................................1
1-1 前言.......................................................1
1-2 文獻回顧...................................................2
1-3 研究動機...................................................5
第二章 基礎理論................................................6
2-1 光學玻璃...................................................6
2-1-1 取材.....................................................6
2-1-2 光學玻璃之種類...........................................7
2-2 表面品質...................................................8
2-3 研磨理論與研磨機制.........................................9
2-3-1 研磨原理................................................13
2-3-2 研磨壓力................................................13
2-3-3 研磨具材料與磨料的選擇..................................14
2-3-4 研磨媒液的選擇..........................................15
2-4 拋光（Polishing）.........................................15
2-4-1 拋光劑..................................................16
2-4-2 拋光模材料..............................................17
2-4-3 影響拋光能力的參數......................................18
2-4-4 拋光注意事項............................................18
2-4-5 其它拋光................................................19
2-5 透光率量測之原理..........................................20
第三章 透鏡製作...............................................21
3-1 研磨液之性質..............................................21
3-2 拋光瀝青模的製作..........................................21
3-3 鏡片製作與實驗流程........................................22
第四章 儀器操作說明及實驗方法.................................27
4-1 探針式3D表面粗度儀........................................27
4-1-1 儀器介紹................................................27
4-1-2 粗糙度量測..............................................29
4-2 薄膜影像量測系統..........................................31
4-2-1 儀器介紹................................................31
4-2-2 表面影像觀察之量測......................................32
4-3 分光光譜儀................................................32
4-3-1 儀器介紹................................................32
4-3-2 透光率之量測............................................33
第五章 實驗結果與討論.........................................34
5-1 研磨液號數................................................34
5-2 研磨時間..................................................35
5-3 鏡片拋光..................................................38
5-4 研磨與拋光後影像觀察及其透光率............................39
第六章 結論...................................................42
參考文獻 .....................................................44
表目錄
表2-1 拋光材料的種類與性質....................................47
表2-2 光學用瀝青一覽表........................................48
表3-1 研磨標準粒度規格（以日本不二見公司產品為例）............49
表5-1 不同號數之研磨液對光學鏡片表面粗糙度之影響，其研磨時間均為
10分鐘..................................................50
表5-2 以＃500研磨液在不同研磨時間下對於光學鏡片表面粗糙度之影響
..............................................................50
表5-3 以＃800研磨液在不同研磨時間下對於光學鏡片表面粗糙度之影響
..............................................................51
表5-4 以＃1200研磨液在不同研磨時間下對於光學鏡片表面粗糙度之影響
..............................................................51
表5-5 研磨至＃800研磨液後進行拋光，在不同研磨時間下對於光學鏡片
表面粗糙度之影響........................................52
表5-6 研磨至＃1200研磨液後進行拋光，在不同研磨時間下對於光學鏡片
表面粗糙度之影響........................................52
圖目錄
圖2-1 光學玻璃一覽表..........................................53
圖2-2 各種研磨變數互相影響的關係示意圖........................54
圖2-3 擺動式研磨機的機械結構..................................55
圖2-4 磨盤與鏡片之示意圖......................................56
圖3-1 球鏡計..................................................57
圖3-2 LOH SPHEROMATIC 120-1SL成型機...........................57
圖3-3 成型機之研磨刀具........................................57
圖3-4 鏡片偏凹時，磨盤擺動示意圖..............................58
圖3-5 鏡片偏凸時，磨盤擺動示意圖..............................58
圖4-1 探針式探測器，量測時探測器與工件的相關位置（約與工件平行）
..............................................................59
圖4-2 表面粗度儀示意圖，左為探針式表面粗度儀之外形，右為放大濾波
器..................................................... 59
圖4-3 薄膜影像擷取系統........................................60
圖4-4 光源供應器..............................................60
圖4-5 分光光譜儀..............................................61
圖4-6 分光光譜儀之待測物放置處................................61
圖5-1 光學鏡片在不同號數研磨液研磨後之表面粗糙度..............62
圖5-2 由＃500研磨液研磨鏡片在不同研磨時間下之表面粗糙度值.....63
圖5-3 由＃800研磨液研磨鏡片在不同研磨時間下之表面粗糙度值.....64
圖5-4 由＃1200研磨液研磨鏡片在不同研磨時間下之表面粗糙度......65
圖5-5 由＃500、＃800、＃1200研磨液研磨鏡片在不同研磨時間下之表面
粗糙度值................................................66
圖5-6 研磨至＃800研磨液後開始拋光鏡片之表面粗糙度值...........67
圖5-7 研磨至＃1200研磨液後開始拋光鏡片之表面粗糙度值..........68
圖5-8 光學鏡片研磨至＃800研磨液後開始拋光與研磨至＃1200研磨液後
開始拋光之表面粗糙度值..................................69
圖5-9 以成型機成型與各種研磨液研磨光學鏡片之成像..............70
圖5-10 以＃500研磨液研磨光學鏡片在不同研磨時間下之成像........71
圖5-11 以＃800研磨液研磨光學鏡片在不同研磨時間下之成像........72
圖5-12 以＃1200研磨液研磨光學鏡片在不同研磨時間下之成像.......73
圖5-13 研磨至＃800研磨液後開始拋光之鏡片，在不同研磨時間下表面之
成像...................................................74
圖5-14 研磨至＃1200研磨液開始拋光之鏡片，在不同研磨時間下表面之
成像...................................................75
圖5-15 不同研磨液研磨鏡片後之透光率...........................76
圖5-16 研磨與拋光後之鏡片透光率...............................76

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