臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
鹼‧骨材反應為混凝土構造物中常見的耐久性問題之一，但目前較為廣泛使用的鹼‧骨材反應檢驗法各自有其缺點。本論文旨在介紹日本建築總合試驗所所提案之GBRC促進法以及其制定原理，並嘗試以GBRC試驗方法為架構，利用周邊所能取得的材料及所能營造的加速環境進行試驗，建構一套簡便、迅速且更適合台灣的骨材鹼反應性試驗方法。
實驗採集台灣東西部骨材製作試體進行水泥砂漿棒法(ASTM C227)、化學法(ASTM C289)等試驗，並改變煮沸促進之溫度、壓力、時間、試體含鹼量、拌和無害骨材種類等變因進行煮沸促進試驗，觀察上述變因對反應促進結果之影響。以試體有無裂縫、超音波傳播速度降低率、動彈性係數降低率、試體膨脹量等反應指標評估試體煮沸促進前後之變化。目前實驗結果顯示，以現有試驗設備，設定試體煮沸溫度127℃（壓力計壓力2.5 ）、煮沸保溫時間3小時、含鹼量調整為2.5％並以與骨材試樣等量之里港砂做為拌和無害骨材為較佳之試驗程序。但由於採樣點不足且反應活性不高，目前尚無法為迅速法制定出一套明確判定準則。

SUMMARY
Alkali-aggregate reaction is one of the most common durability problems in concrete-bent construction. Now the widely used alkali-aggregate reactions all have disadvantages. Therefore, this thesis is mainly to introduce the GBRC Rapid Method and principles proposed by General Building Research Corporation, together with, refer to principle of GBRC Rapid Method, I used the present materials and carried out this experiment in accelerating environment for expecting find a handy, fast and suitable for general construction work.
In this experiment, I collected the aggregates in the eastern and the western part of Taiwan to make the specimens for testing of Mortar bar method and the Chemical Method. In addition, I changed variable factors during the experiment, ex. the temperature, the pressure and the period at boiling, the total alkali content in specimens, and mixing innocuous aggregates in this test to observe the effects of the above factors on the reaction. I evaluated the changes before and after boiling according to reactive indexes, such as a cracking as observed by visual inspection of the specimens, a reduction ratio in the ultrasonic pulse velocity, a reduction ratio in the dynamic young’s modulus and the expansion of the object. The present results of this test show that the better test procedure is: using the present testing equipment, setting the boiling period for 3 hours under 127℃ (gauge pressure 2.5 kg/cm²), adjusting the total alkali content in specimens to 2.5% and using the same amount of Li-gang sand with material sampling as mixing innocuous materials. However, because the samples are not enough and the susceptibility is not high, it still cannot set up a clear determinant principle and a rapid method for Taiwan.

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第一章 緒論1
1.1 前言1
1.2 研究動機與目的2
第二章 文獻回顧4
2.1 鹼‧骨材反應4
2.1.1 鹼‧骨材反應簡介4
2.1.2 鹼‧骨材反應特徵4
2.1.3 鹼‧骨材反應分類6
2.1.4 鹼‧矽反應（ASR）機構7
2.1.4.1 Powers與Steinour學說8
2.1.4.2 Chatterji學說9
2.1.5 影響鹼‧矽反應的因素10
2.1.5.1 反應性骨材10
2.1.5.2 鹼的影響12
2.1.5.3 環境因素的影響14
2.1.5.4 其他因素的影響14
2.1.6 鹼‧骨材反應的防治方法15
2.1.6.1 避免使用反應性骨材15
2.1.6.2 採用低鹼水泥或控制混凝土總含鹼量15
2.1.6.3 防止水分入侵16
2.1.6.4 化學式防制法16
2.2 非破壞試驗－－超音波法17
2.2.1 超音波概述17
2.2.2 施測方法類型19
2.3 GBRC促進法介紹21
2.3.1 GBRC促進法介紹21
2.3.2 GBRC法的制定22
2.3.3 迅速法應用試驗結果比較26
第三章 試驗計畫29
3.1 試驗變數29
3.2 試驗方法30
3.2.1 潛在反應性骨材檢驗法（水泥砂漿棒法ASTM C227-97a）30
3.2.1.1 試驗材料30
3.2.1.2 試驗設備30
3.2.1.3 試驗流程與步驟31
3.2.2 潛在反應性骨材檢驗法（化學法ASTM C289-94）34
3.2.2.1 試驗材料34
3.2.2.2 試驗設備35
3.2.2.3 試驗流程與步驟36
3.2.3 迅速法基礎試驗41
3.2.3.1 試驗材料41
3.2.3.2 試驗設備42
3.2.3.3 試驗流程43
第四章 試驗結果與討論49
4.1 水泥砂漿棒法試驗結果49
4.2 化學法試驗結果51
4.3 迅速法基礎試驗試驗結果54
4.3.1 鹼量及煮沸環境54
4.3.2 煮沸時間55
4.3.3 拌和無害骨材56
4.4 迅速法討論58
第五章 結論與建議61
5.1 結論61
5.2 建議62
參考文獻63
附錄67

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