臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來全球競爭日益激烈，品質已經成為企業競爭優勢之一，以顧客為導向的全面品質管理（TQM）也再度受到重視。多位學者提出TQM與顧客、供應商之間存在著互動關係，對TQM活動的重視應該從單一公司觀點擴大到完整的供應鏈觀點。且隨著供應鏈觀念的推動，企業若能藉由資訊科技的發展積極推行資訊運籌管理(Continuous Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support, CALS)，將供應鏈的觀念予以電子化，將使得企業能更有效的執行供應鏈品質管理的概念。因此本研究以全面品質管理、供應商選擇、供應商參與作為『供應鏈品質管理』架構，並探討資訊運籌管理對其互動之影響。
另外，鑑於不同的國家或地區在實行TQM、供應商選擇、供應商參與及CALS上亦有所差異，基於文化背景與地理位置的相似性，和在政治法令及國情上的差異性，本研究以香港及台灣作為研究對象，探討兩地區實施TQM、供應商管理、CALS之實際情況，並利用線性結構關係模式(LISREL)驗證互動關係，集群分析、區別分析和多變量變異數分析做兩地區的比較。
本研究結果發現：
1.全面品質管理和供應商選擇、供應商參與三者之間，有顯著的相關。
2.供應商參與之程度對組織績效有顯著的影響。
3.台灣與香港企業在運用全面品質管理、供應商選擇、供應商參與，以達成組織績效之關鍵因素上，具有明顯差異。
4.資訊運籌管理執行程度對於全面品質管理、供應商選擇、供應商參與組織績效互動關係上，存在顯著的影響。
5.台灣與香港企業在供應商選擇構面上，具有明顯差異。

摘要..........................................................................I
誌謝.........................................................................II
目錄........................................................................III
表目錄.......................................................................VI
圖目錄.....................................................................VIII

第一章 緒論..................................................................1
第一節 研究背景與動機......................................................1
第二節 研究目的............................................................3

第二章文獻探討.............................................................4
第一節 供應鏈品質管理......................................................4
第二節 全面品質管理（TQM）.................................................8
2.2.1 全面品質管理之定義.................................................8
2.2.2 全面品質管理之關鍵因素.............................................9
第三節 供應商選擇與供應商參與.............................................15
2.3.1 供應商選擇........................................................15
2.3.2 供應商參與........................................................17
2.3.3 供應商選擇與供應商參與之構面......................................17
第四節 資訊運籌管理.......................................................20
2.4.1 靈敏化生產(Agilemanufacturing)....................................20
2.4.2 CALS之定義........................................................21
2.4.3 CALS之應用領域與相關技術..........................................23
2.4.4 CALS之重要構面....................................................26
第五節 組織績效...........................................................28
2.5.1 組織績效之定義....................................................28
2.5.2 組織績效之衡量因素................................................28
2.5.3 製造績效..........................................................31
2.5.4 滿意度............................................................32
第六節 各構面之關係.......................................................33
2.6.1 TQM與供應商選擇、供應商參與之互動關係.............................33
2.6.2 TQM與組織績效之互動關係...........................................34
2.6.3 供應商選擇、供應商參與與組織績效之互動關係........................36
第七節 不同節制變數在構面間之互動關係.....................................38
2.7.1 地區..............................................................38
2.7.2 資訊運籌管理與各構面關係..........................................43

第三章 研究方法.............................................................47
第一節 研究架構...........................................................47
第二節 研究對象及樣本.....................................................48
第三節 研究假設...........................................................49
第四節 研究變項(基礎構面)及操作性定義.....................................50
3.4.1 TQM...............................................................50
3.4.2 供應商的選擇......................................................51
3.4.3 供應商參與........................................................51
3.4.4 資訊運籌管理（CALS）..............................................51
3.4.5 組織績效..........................................................51
第五節 研究流程...........................................................53
第六節 資料分析方法.......................................................54

第四章 資料分析與結果.......................................................56
第一節 基本統計分析.......................................................56
第二節 各構面因素萃取及信、效度分析.......................................58
4.2.1 台灣資料之因素分析................................................58
4.2.2 香港資料之因素分析................................................64
4.2.3 各量表之效度分析..................................................70
4.2.4 各量表之信度分析..................................................74
第三節 台灣與香港在因素分析之差異.........................................76
4.3.1 全面品質管理......................................................76
4.3.2 供應商選擇........................................................78
4.3.3 資訊運籌管理......................................................79
第四節 全面品質管理、供應商選擇、供應商參與、資訊運籌管理與組織績效LISREL模式
之建立.............................................................82
4.4.1 線性結構關係模式(LinearStructureRelation,LISREL)的簡介............82
4.4.2 建立LISREL模式....................................................83
4.4.3 LISREL的模式判斷準則及其限制......................................86
第五節 台灣與香港LISREL模式之比較分析.....................................88
4.5.1 台灣的LISREL模式..................................................88
4.5.2 香港的LISREL模式..................................................89
4.5.3 台灣與香港LISREL模式之差異分析....................................92
第六節 台灣、香港在不同資訊運籌管理程度之LISREL模式差異...................94
4.6.1 資訊運籌管理之集群分析............................................94
4.6.2 資訊運籌管理對路徑影響效果之比較模式（台灣）......................95
4.6.3 資訊運籌管理對路徑影響效果之比較模式（香港）......................98
4.6.4 小結.............................................................101
第七節 逐步區別分析......................................................102
4.7.1 集群分析.........................................................102
4.7.2 逐步區別分析.....................................................105
4.7.3 台灣與香港區別變數之比較.........................................109

第五章 結論與建議..........................................................111
第一節 研究結論..........................................................111
第二節 管理實務意涵......................................................115
第三節 研究限制及後續研究之建議..........................................117

參考文獻....................................................................118
一、國內參考文獻............................................................118
二、國外參考文獻............................................................119

附錄一問卷..................................................................127

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