摘要
臺灣中部橫貫公路由南勢至太魯閣間之低度變質泥岩曾遭受沸石相至綠色片岩相變質變形作用，局部有多次變形作用，其中變質泥岩帶(伊萊石結晶度值)涵蓋晚成岩帶至淺變質帶。本研究以Ｘ光粉末繞射和掃瞄式電子顯微鏡等方法，進行礦物相、岩象與礦物化學之分析，以探討中部橫貫公路南勢至綠水沿線低度變質泥岩於前進變質過程中之礦物轉變。
Ｘ光粉末繞射顯示鈉雲母存在的變質泥岩帶主要為低近變質帶至淺變質帶，範圍頗廣，證明鈉雲母等變質度線在中部橫貫公路並不適用，且其分佈並非僅限於玉里變質帶。高嶺石在進入淺變質帶後便完全消失，葉蠟石與透閃石則主要集中在淺變質帶，對於綠色片岩變質相有重要的指標意義，本研究證明德基—佳陽新村一帶佳陽層之變質泥岩亦含有葉蠟石，使先前所定義的葉蠟石等變質度線得以向東推至佳陽新村，可完整地反映出青山－佳陽之綠色片岩相。達見砂岩含有黑雲母，證明其變質溫度已達400°C以上。
掃瞄式電子顯微鏡岩象顯示隨著變質度增加，基質綠泥石與白雲母晶界從長條蠕蟲狀，經由粗短化、清晰化到平直板狀化，最後形成片岩區之粗粒板狀之連結晶粒；綠泥石－白雲母晶架則由長板狀開始，受機械式旋轉、解理面及晶界滑移和壓溶截切等作用，逐漸粗短化，最後受強烈再結晶作用，至片岩區已完全轉變為劈理的一部份，此項過程伴隨著劈理領域形態之發育和礦物成份均勻化逐步演化。
再結晶作用和劈理發育程度強烈之泥質岩的礦物化學成份和伊萊石結晶度呈現四個特點：(1)韌性剪切帶之基質綠泥石的八面體空位相對於前進變質趨勢偏高；(2)高應變帶板岩之白雲母成份常為近乎白雲母端成份；(3)高應變帶板岩中之晶架白雲母及基質綠泥石與白雲母之八面體Mg＋Fe2+含量明顯偏低；(4)高應變帶泥質岩均屬伊萊石結晶度佳之淺變質帶，優於變質度較高之片岩和年代較老之達見砂岩。上述綠泥石與白雲母之礦物化學轉變與伊萊石結晶度及構造劈理的發育皆有明顯的關聯性，顯示中部橫貫公路沿線低度變質泥岩之礦物化學和伊萊石結晶度受構造應力和微組構發育的影響。象徵變質溫度較高之黑雲母的出現於達見砂岩和片岩，而非生成於結晶度遠較為優及再結晶程度較高之佳陽層，也證明泥質岩低度變質作用深受構造應力影響，並非只受控於變質溫度。

目錄
第一章、緒論 1
第二章、地質背景 8
一、 中部橫貫公路西段南勢至梨山剖面 8
二、 中部橫貫公路東段梨山至綠水剖面 10
第三章、研究方法 16
一、 標本採樣 16
二、 Ｘ光粉晶繞射儀特徵礦物分析 16
三、 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡岩象及礦物相分析 18
四、 Ｘ光能量分散光譜儀礦物化學分析 18
第四章、結果 21
4-1 礦物組合 21
4-1-1 XRD及SEM分析結果21
4-1-2 特徵礦物於中部橫貫公路之分佈 26
4-2 岩象 31
4-2-1 晚成岩帶之微組構特徵31
4-2-2 低近變質帶之微組構特徵 32
4-2-3 高近變質帶之微組構特徵 33
4-2-4 淺變質帶之微組構特徵 34
4-3 礦物化學 38
第五章、討論 45
5-1礦物相轉變45
一、 高嶺石(kaolinite) 45
二、 葉蠟石(pyrophyllite)46
三、 鈉雲母(paragonite) 52
四、 黑雲母(biotite) 57
五、 透閃石(tremolite)59
5-2 礦物化學之變化 59
5-3 結晶╱再結晶作用61
第六章、結論 63
參考文獻 64
照片 83

表目錄
表一、中部橫貫公路不同區段其所屬之地層年代與變質相、伊利石及
綠泥石結晶度值範圍和變質泥岩帶 20
表二、中部橫貫公路泥質岩微組構之前進變質演化歸納表 37
表三、晶架(stack)綠泥石EDS定量分析表 39
表四、基質(matrix)綠泥石EDS定量分析表40
表五、晶架(stack)白雲母EDS定量分析表 41
表六、基質(matrix)白雲母EDS定量分析表42

圖目錄
圖一、變質泥岩帶與礦物相、微組構及岩性之關係 6
圖二、台灣地質及變質相圖 7
圖三、中部橫貫公路本文研究區域之地質圖與板岩標本採樣位置圖 14
圖四、中部橫貫公路本研究區域之變質相圖與選擇進行SEM分析之
板岩標本的位置圖15
圖五、XRD中部橫貫公路低度變質泥岩之特徵礦物組合於各變質泥岩帶之分佈 23
圖六、特徵礦物X-ray繞射圖譜24
圖七、XRD和SEM中部橫貫公路低度變質泥岩之礦物組合於
各變質泥岩帶之分佈 25
圖八、特徵礦物組合於中部橫貫公路南勢—青山段低度變質泥岩之分佈 27
圖九、特徵礦物組合於中部橫貫公路青山—梨山段低度變質泥岩之分佈 28
圖十、特徵礦物組合於中部橫貫公路梨山—白楊段低度變質泥岩之分佈 29
圖十一、特徵礦物組合於中部橫貫公路白楊—綠水段低度變質泥岩之分佈30
圖十二、綠泥石(chlorite)EDS化學成份隨結晶度變化圖 43
圖十三、白雲母(muscovite)EDS化學成份隨結晶度變化圖44
圖十四、本研究重新檢驗之中部橫貫公路葉蠟石等變質度帶與
楊宏儀等人(1994)之研究對比 51
圖十五、本研究鈉雲母(paragonite)於中部橫貫公路分佈範圍與
沈正嘉(1995)之研究對比

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