臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文從事一套合併太陽能與風力發電系統之研製，其中風力用發電機分為自激式感應發電機與自激式磁阻發電機。為了改善兩種不同發電機在隨機變動風速下所產生之不同電壓與頻率特性，以及在不同負載擾動之影響，本文提出利用整流模組及蓄電池來同時完成風力及太陽能的儲存能量並改善風力發電機之負載效應。此蓄電池電能再經由換流模組來同時得到固定頻率與電壓之輸出，除可供應獨立負載外也可與市電系統並聯。
本論文在三相平衡系統下採用交-直軸等效電路模型，分別建立感應發電機、磁阻發電機、太陽電池、整流器與換流器之模型，分別推導其數學模式來完成整體動態方程式，並利用特徵值法求出兩部發電機所需之最小自激電容及分析系統之動態穩定度。硬體架構採用實驗室之2.2 kW感應發電機組、0.37 kW磁阻發電機，經整流模組後與1.5 kW太陽電池模組及24 V蓄電池模組合併，再經由容量4.5 kW換流模組供應負載。由模擬與實測結果之互相比較，以驗證本論文所提系統模型之可用性及正確性。

This thesis presents the analyzed results of a combined PV/Wind generating system. A self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and a self-excited reluctance generator (SERG) are respectively utilized as a wind generator. To improve the variable frequency, variable voltage and loading effects of both generators under random wind speeds, a rectifier module and a battery system are employed to combine both PV and wind systems. The stored energy in the battery system is converted into constant voltage and constant frequency by means of an inverter module to supply isolated loads or connect to a utility grid.
A d-q axis equivalent-circuit machine model is employed to establish the SEIG, SERG, rectifier, inverter, PV and battery models in order to derive the complete dynamic equations of the studied system under three-phase balanced loading conditions. The derived system model is also employed to obtain system eigenvalues to determine both required minimum excitation capacitance and dynamic stability. Experimental results obtained from a laboratory 2.2 kW SEIG, a 0.37 kW SERG, a 1.5 kW PV system, a 24 V battery system and a 4.5 kW inverter module are compared with the simulated results to validate the feasibility of the proposed models.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
符號表 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 4
1.3 研究內容概述 5
第二章 自激發電原理和系統之數學模型 9
2.1 自激式感應發電機的模型建立 9
2.2 自激式磁阻發電機的模型建立 20
2.3 光伏電池模型 29
2.4 交流到直流整流器模型 30
2.5 蓄電池模型 32
2.6 直流到交流轉換器模型 33
第三章 感應發電機連接整流器與換流器之特性分析 37
3.1 感應發電機接上整流器與換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 37
3.2 感應發電機接上整流器、蓄電池與換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 44
3.3 感應發電機接上整流器、蓄電池與換流器與市電並聯之特性分析 53
3.4 自激式感應發電機供應整流器與蓄電池之最小自激電容之求解 57
第四章 磁阻發電機連接整流器與換流器之特性分析 58
4.1 磁阻發電機接上整流器與換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 58
4.2 磁阻發電機接上整流器、蓄電池與換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 65
4.3 磁阻發電機接上整流器、蓄電池與換流器與市電並聯之特性分析 71
4.4 自激式磁阻發電機供應整流器與蓄電池之最小自激電容之求解 74
4.5 市電並聯型磁阻發電機之特性分析 75
第五章 混合太陽能與風力能再生能源發電系統之特性分析 80
5.1 自激式感應發電機結合光伏電池連接整流器-蓄電池-換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 80
5.2 感應發電機結合光伏電池連接整流器-蓄電池-換流器後與市電並聯之特性分析 86
5.3 磁阻發電機結合光伏電池連接整流器-蓄電池-換流器供應獨立負載之特性分析 89
5.4 磁阻發電機結合光伏電池連接整流器-蓄電池-換流器後與市電並聯之特性分析 92
5.5 隨機風速與隨機照度下之風力發電機與光伏電池之特性分析 96
第六章 結論 102
參考文獻 104
附錄 109
作者自述 112

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