大氣懸浮微粒中含碳成分的來源極為複雜，以細粒徑微粒來說，大部分是由燃燒過程所產生的，如柴油車、汽機車等交通工具、燃料油、燃料煤的燃燒過程所排放，除此之外，大氣中經由光化學反應產生的二次衍生性氣膠，亦為懸浮微粒中含碳成分的主要來源。
本研究針對大氣中懸浮微粒，逸散性污染源以及移動性污染源含碳成分的排放特性，進行其中不同粒徑懸浮微粒含碳成分之特性分析，期能利用大氣懸浮微粒其OC與EC最小的比值，推算出二次衍生性氣膠的生成比例。另外，再配合CMB受體模式污染源貢獻量結果，和排放源資料庫對於懸浮微粒之貢獻量，分別推算出代表原生性污染源的OC/EC比值，在與大氣環境中的最小比例值做比較。
懸浮微粒量測結果顯示，PM2.5的濃度為11.8∼105μg/m3之間，PM10的濃度為30.7∼110μg/m3之間。懸浮微粒的濃度，南部地區因受工業區的影響比中部地區要高；而夏季的濃度比冬季低，則是台灣地區懸浮微粒季節變化的趨勢。含碳成分部分，有機碳（OC）與元素碳（EC）比例的日、夜變化趨勢為日間大於夜間，其中高峰值則出現在中午12點左右。
移動性污染源的特性，機車隧道的採樣結果較接近於二行程機車高轉數試驗的結果，其OC/EC的比值PM2.5為5.4、PM10為6.2，而汽車隧道的採樣結果則與直接收集柴油車尾氣的試驗結果不同，分別是隧道的0.41、0.57，尾氣排放的0.72、1.05。逸散性污染源中PM2.5、PM10的OC/EC比例分別，農田平均為1.71、3.16；揚塵平均為4.60、3.40；營建工地平均為0.65、1.64。
利用大氣懸浮微粒OC/EC的最小比值所推算出衍生性有機碳，在PM2.5微粒中的濃度介於8.87∼23.7μg/m3之間，佔總有機碳的比例介於32％∼90％之間，PM10微粒當中的濃度介於5.54∼22.1μg/m3之間，佔總有機碳的比例介於24％∼61％之間。而此比值比利用污染源貢獻量所計算出的比例小，此結果會造成衍生性氣膠高估的現象。

Carbonaecous species in ambient particle are emitted from varies sources , for fine particle , most of them are produced from combustion processes , like diesel trucks . gasoline cars . motorcycle . and the combustion processes of fuel and coal . In addition , the secondary organic aerosol produced by photochemical reaction is also the major part of carbonaceous species.
This research discuss the carbonaceous species of ambient particle , fugitive sources and mobile sources. Then , estimate the contribution of of secondary organic carbon by the minimum OC/EC ratio of ambient particle. In addition , we use the result of CMB recept model and emission inventory to estimate the OC/EC ratio of primary sources.
The PM2.5 concentration in this research ranged from about 11.8 to 105 μg/m3 and the PM10 ranged about 30.7 to 110 μg/m3 .The particle concentration in southern Taiwan is higher than in the middle of Taiwan and summer lower than winter.
For mobile sources , the result of motorcycle channel sampling is close to the result of two stroke motorcycle in high r.p.m. condition , and the OC/EC ratio of PM2.5 and PM10 are 5.4 and 6.2 . The result of car channel sampling is different to the result of diesel truck tail pip. The OC/EC ratio of car channel sampling is 0.41 , 0.57 and 0.72 , 1.05 of tail pip .The OC/EC ratio of fugitive sources of PM2.5 and PM10 are : farm soil (1.71 , 3.16) , resuspended dust (4.6 , 3.4) and construction work place (0.65 , 1.64).
The concentration of secondary organic carbon calculated by the minimum OC/EC ratio , for PM2.5 , the concentration ranged 8.87 to 23.7μg/m3 and contribute the total organic carbon from 32% to 90% : ranged 5.54 to 22.1μg/m3 and contribute from 24% to 61% for PM10. But the minimum OC/EC ratio of ambient particle is smaller than the calculated ratio , though the concentration would be over estimated.

第一章 前言 1
1-1研究緣起 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 大氣中懸浮微粒之特性 6
2.2大氣環境中懸浮微粒含碳成分特性 8
2.3 懸浮微粒中含碳成分之粒徑分佈特性 8
2.3.1 OC的特性與排放來源 9
2.3.2 EC的特性與排放源 10
2.3.3 有機碳、元素碳分析方法之探討 10
2.4 二次有機污染物之探討 12
2.5 CMB模式結果推估懸浮微粒來源 15
2.6 柴油車、機車懸浮微粒之排放特性 18
2.7 原生性污染源之指紋資料 20
第三章 研究方法 31
3.1 周界採樣 31
3.1.1周界採樣之採樣地點 31
3.1.2 周界採樣之採樣時間 31
3.2 汽、機車隧道採樣 31
3.2.1 東門路機踏車採樣 32
3.2.2 南二高中寮隧道採樣 32
3.3 稀釋混和腔試驗 33
3.4 再捲揚腔試驗 33
3.5 採樣設備與分析方法 34
3.5.1 採樣儀器 34
3.5.2 濾紙前處理與秤重 35
3.6 有機碳、元素碳分析方法 35
3.6.1 分析儀器 35
3.6.2 碳元素之決定 36
第四章 結果與討論 41
4.1 汽、機車隧道結果 41
4.1.1 東門路機車隧道 41
4.1.2 南二高中寮隧道 42
4.2 移動性污染源之含碳成份分佈特性 43
4.2.1 二行程機車 43
4.2.2 四行程機車 45
4.2.3 柴油車 47
4.2.4 汽油車 48
4.3 逸散性污染源含碳成分特性 49
4.3.1 道路揚塵 49
4.3.2 農田土壤 50
4.3.3 營建工地揚塵 51
4.4 大氣環境懸浮微粒採樣結果分析 52
4.4.1 懸浮微粒質量濃度 52
4.4.2 懸浮微粒中含碳成分 55
4.5 二次衍生性氣膠之探討 64
4.5.1 以最小比值推估衍生性氣膠 64
4.5.2 利用受體模式結果推估原生性污染源OC/EC比值 71
4.5.3 利用排放源資料庫推估原生性污染源OC/EC比值 74
第五章 結論與建議 76
5-1 結論 76
5-2 建議 77
參考文獻 78

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