臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

這篇論文報導以離子植入與物理氣相沉積法將鈷、鎳金屬處理為觸媒， 再使用電子迴旋振化學氣相沉積法來控制碳奈米管的成長。 金屬觸媒分別以兩種氫電漿濃度為前處理。 濃的氫電漿會誘發較多的觸媒與積材鍵結， 並且經X-ray證明其形成矽化鈷晶體。 碳奈米管的成長機構控制於矽化鈷晶體而; 而矽化鈷晶體隨植入時間的長短與氫電漿濃度所影響而變化。 觸媒植入法有效減少非晶質碳的生成、並增加碳奈米管空管的大小、改變碳奈米管管數密度。 這些形貌的改變有以下的性質變化:Base-growth碳奈米管可以減少因為金屬觸媒殘留在Tip-growth 尖端的阻礙效應; 部份的碳奈米管是埋在基材內部， 被基材夾著， 因此增加了碳奈米管與矽基材的附著性; 較多的矽化物形成會降低缺陷的 ID/IG 比率。 另一特點是在試片傾倒45度電漿方向後， 可以使試片在電子迴旋振化學氣相沉積法中的碳米管沉積溫度降低到480℃。

This thesis reports ion implantation and PVD coating method; Co and Ni catalysts; and ECR-CVD used to manipulate the growth of CNTs. The catalysts were subjected two different H plasma pretreatment. Higher H plasma can enhance more bonding between implanted-cobalt and silicon substrate to form cobalt silicide crystal, which are provided by X-ray. The growth mechanisms of CNTs from tip-growth to base-growth also can be manipulated by cobalt silicide formation (control by implantation time and H concentration); more silicide formation often give rise to CNTs with lower ID/IG ratio. Effect of catalyst implantation can decrease a-C film formation on the specimen substrate, increase the hollow size and change the tube number density of CNTs. This morphology different was conformed to electric and mechanical properties change. As below: The base growth CNTs decreases the catalysts blocking effect on the tips of tip-growth CNTs and the implanted-catalyst-assist-CNTs are essentially embedded below the substrate surface, clipped by the surrounding Si walls and increase the adhesion property between CNTs and Si walls. It is interesting to note, the lower CNTs deposition temperature as 480℃ in ECR-CVD can be fabricated, as the specimen inclined on 45∘block with plasma direction.

Chinese abstract............................................Ⅰ
English abstract............................................Ⅱ
Acknowledgements............................................Ⅲ
Contents....................................................Ⅳ
List of symbols.............................................Ⅶ
Table captions..............................................Ⅸ
Figure captions.............................................Ⅹ
Chapter 1 Introduction:
1-1 Introduction to carbon nanotubes (CNTs).................1
1-2Introduction to ion implantation.........................2
1-3 Motivation of this research.............................3
Chapter 2 Literature reviews
2-1 Structures and properties of CNTs..............5
2-2 Synthesis methods of CNTs
2-2-1 Arc-discharge method................6
2-2-2 Laser vaporization method...........7
2-2-3 Chemical vapor deposition methods...8
2-3 Growth mechanisms of CNTs
2-3-1 Catalyst-assisted tip-growth CNTs
2-3-1-1 Temperature gradient
mechanism...............9
2-3-1-2 Yarmulke mechanisms.....10
2-3-1-3 Unsatisfied carbon valance
mechanism11.............11
2-3-2 Catalyst-assisted base-growth CNTs..11
2-3-3 CNTs using no catalysts.............12
2-4 Applications of CNTs
2-4-1 Field emitter..............12
2-4-2 Hydrogen storage...........13
2-4-3 Electron transistors.......14
2-4-4 Composite materials........15
2-4-5 Scanning probe tips........15
2-6 Ion implantation processes.....................15
2-7 Applications of ion implantation...............17
2-8 Applications of ion implantation for syntheses of
CNTs...........................................18
2-9 Structure and property analysis techniques of CNTs
2-9-1 Morphology, microstructure and lattice
image of CNTs.......................18
2-9-2 Crystal and bonding structures of CNTs
2-9-2-1 Electron diffraction.....19
2-9-2-2 Raman spectroscopy.......19
2-9-2-3 X-ray diffraction........20
2-9-3 Electrical and thermal properties of
CNTs
2-9-3-1Field emission............20
2-9-3-2 TGA and QMS..............21
Chapter 3 Experimental
3-1 Flow chart.....................................22
3-2 ECR-CVD system.................................23
3-3 Ion implantation system........................24
3-4 Raw materials..................................24
3-5 Catalyst applications by Ion implantation and PVD
processes......................................25
3-6 Hydrogen plasma pretreatment...................26
3-7 CNTs deposition procedures.....................26
3-8 Analysis methods
3-8-1 Morphology, microstructure and lattice
image examinations..................27
3-8-2 Crystal and bonding structures
analyses............................27
3-8-3 Depth profile analyses and adhesion.27
3-8-4 Surface resistance and field emission
measurements........................28
Chapter 4 Results and discussion
4-1 Effect of catalyst application methods on CNTs
growth.........................................29
4-2 Effects of implantation dosage on growth of CNTs
...............................................30
4-3 Effects of ion implantation on CNTs adhesion with
the substrate..................................32
4-4 Growth mechanisms of the implantation-assisted
CNTs...........................................33
4-5 HRTEM images and XRD...........................34
4-6 Field emission properties of CNTs..............35
4-7 Effects of specimen orientation on growth of
CNTs...........................................36
Chapter 5 Conclusions.......................................37
Chapter 6 Prospective.......................................38
References..................................................39
Tables......................................................44
Figures.....................................................49

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