臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究分析臺灣東部黑潮邊緣海域鯖科魚類群集之年間、及年內月別變化，並探討其受中尺度環境因子之影響。分析所用之群集組成資料係由西元1993-2000年逐日定置網漁獲物推定，而對應之環境因子則自各氣象站歷史資料中取用。研究結果顯示，臺灣東側海域之群集至少有鯖科魚8屬14種，以花鰹、齒鰆、花鯖為主要來游魚種。其中花鰹在10∼2月間、及5月有一來游高峰，齒鰆來游高峰在三月，花鯖的來游高峰則在1∼2月間。其餘魚種均於東北季風盛行時來游。鯖科群集型態可以區分為花鰹1型、鯖魚型、鑲嵌型、花鰹2型。群集型的遞變模式以 [花鰹1型→鯖魚型→花鰹1型] 為主。其中，1997年的遞變模式中，夏季之花鰹1型由鑲嵌型所取代；而1998年的群集型遞變規律不顯著，形成花鰹1型、鑲嵌型、花鰹2型交錯出現之形式；1999年的群集型遞變中，秋冬季的花鰹1型由花鰹2型所取代。同時，這段期間恰為1997/1998、1998-2000之聖嬰現象、反聖嬰現象出現時期。群集型的遞變為環境中、小尺度改變所致，除季節性變化，如氣溫、氣壓、流量外，也可能與聖嬰年後緊接反聖嬰年造成環境變數劇烈變化有關。

This study aims at realization on annual and seasonal variation of scombrid assemblage in the edge of Kuroshio, and exploration on the driving force of assemblage variation as well. The composition of scombrid assemblage is estimated from daily catches of set net from 1993 to 2000. The historical data of environmental factors is supplied form weather stations. Kuroshio current provides a transport mechanism to pelagic scombrid migrating to Taiwanese coast. The western boundary of Kuroshio varies with monsoon systems of Northeast（NE） and Southwest（SW）: when NE monsoon prevailing the boundary moves onshore and SW offshore. Annual perturbation of the Kuroshio is one of clues that might influence scombrid assemblage. There are at least 8 genus 14 species appeared in the east coast of Taiwan. Except that Sarda orientalis occurred in late spring , Scomber spp. in early spring and Auxis thazard in autumn-winter and early summer, most of scombrid species occurred during prevailing NE monsoon. Scombrid assemblage could be categorized into 4 types, namely Auxis-1, Scomber, Mosaic, and Auxis-1 types. Basically, the annual assemblage changed from Auxis-1 type to Scomber, and then shift to Auxis-1 type. The assemblage of summer in 1997 and 1998 were not common, which departed from that of regular pattern; 1997/1998 El Nino and La Nina might be the clues. The transition of assemblage types is account of local or meso-scaled environmental perturbation. Meso-scaled variations of environmental factors, such as temperature, air pressure, and flood when El Nino occurred might connect to the variation of assemblage compositions.

中英文摘要….………………………………………1
謝誌……………………………………………….…3
目錄………………………………………….………4
表目錄……………………………………….………5
圖目錄……………………………………….………6

1. 前言……………………………………….………7
1.1臺灣沿海之鯖科魚類資源………………….7
1.2鯖科魚類的特性…………………………….7
1.3黑潮在臺灣沿岸的季節性變化……….……8
1.4聖嬰現象/南方振盪之變化…………………9
1.5環境條件變化對漁業資源的影響………….10
1.6本研究目的………………………………….11

2. 材料與方法………………………………..………..12
2.1取樣地及方法…………………………………12
2.2資料矩陣的形成….…………………………...13
2.3資料分析………….…………………...………14
2.2.1魚種來游特性差異……………………16
2.2.2群集組成變異…………………………17
2.2.3群集組成與環境間的關係……….…..17

3. 結果………………………………………………….20
3.1黑潮邊緣的鯖科魚種……………………..…..20
3.2鯖魚來游特性的差異………………....…....…21
3.3鯖魚群集的遞變………...………………..……23
3.4鯖科魚種來游與環境的關係……..……………29

4. 討論………………………………………..………27
4.1鯖魚來游特性….…………………….………27
4.2鯖魚來游與環境間關係….………….…..…..28
4.2.1南方振盪…………………………….28
4.2.2黑潮….………………………………28
4.2.3區域性環境因素….…………………29
5. 參考文獻………………………………………..…30

表…………………………..…………………………37
圖…………………………..…………………………43

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