臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
目前IPv6為下一代無線通訊網路所支援的網路通訊協定，而為滿足行動IPv6環境的需求來達到快速換手（Fast Handoff），Cellular IPv6乃是目前較佳的micro-mobility protocol。但由於傳輸媒介的空氣中存在許多無法預知的因素導致訊號的嚴重衰減，使得行動裝置原本在理想狀況可以透過基地台與其他行動裝置溝通的情形下，變得無法聯繫上基地台且同時做傳送訊息的動作。本篇論文在Cellular IPv6網路環境下提出以IPv6 Mobile Ad Hoc Network為基礎的Routing Protocol來解決上述問題，同時，存在兩個不同型態網路的出現，要如何使這兩種網路型態並存相容亦是本篇論文所要解決的問題之一。我們在基地台增加了一個路徑記錄可以沿著已建立路徑傳送封包，透過OPNET的模擬可以知道我們所提出的Routing Protocol有不錯的表現。

Abstract
Internet Protocol version six (IPv6) which is supported by the next generation wireless communication will become the main stream for the future. For managing mobility on the level of the global Internet, Mobile IPv6 offers a solution; however, it could not be satisfying for frequent handoffs inside a small geographic area. Hence various solutions called micro-mobility protocols have been introduced and Cellular IPv6 is considered the better one. In this thesis, we consider a case that nodes could not contact with base stations due to the even of severe signal degradation and unstable wireless channels we propose an ad hoc based routing protocol to help nodes contact with the base station via multi-hop path. Besides, existing of two different type of network is also the problem which should be encountered. We also add a route record in the base station to record the established multi-hop path. From the simulation results, the proposed routing protocol is suitable for enable the incapable node in the Cellular IPv6 environment.

Table of Contents

Abstract

Chapter 1 Introduction…………………………………………………1-1
1.1 Background………………………………………………………...1-1
1.2 Motivation………………………………………………………….1-3
1.3 Contribution of the Thesis………………………………………….1-3

Chapter 2 Micro-mobility Protocol…………………………………….2-1
2.1 An Introduction of IPv6…...……………………………………….2-1
2.2 Mobile IP…………………………………………………………...2-3
2.3 Mobile IPv6………………………………………………………...2-5
2.4 IP Micro-mobility Protocol………………………………………...2-7
2.5 Cellular IPv6……………………………………………………….2-9
2.5.1 History…………………………………………………….....2-9
2.5.2 Protocol Overview………………………………………….2-10

Chapter 3 Relay Routing Protocol…………………………………..…3-1
3.1 Concepts of the Ad Hoc Network………………………………….3-1
3.1.1 Introduction………………………………………………….3-3
3.1.2 Table-driven Routing Protocol………………………………3-4
3.1.3 On-demand Routing Protocol………………………………..3-4
3.2 Related Works…………………………………………………...…3-5
3.3 Relay Routing Protocol…………………………………………….3-7

Chapter 4 Modeling Network and Simulation…………………………4-1
4.1 Simulation Tool…………………………………………………….4-1
4.2 Simulation Environment…………………………………………...4-3
4.3 Simulation Results…………………………………………………4-6

Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Work………………………………..5-1
5.1 Conclusion………………………………………………………….5-1
5.2 Future Work………………………………………………………...5-1

Reference

List of Figures
Figure 2-1 IPv4 Header………………………………………………...2-2
Figure 2-2 IPv6 Header………………………………………………...2-2
Figure 2-3 IPv6 Extension Header……………………………………..2-3
Figure 2-4 The steps of Mobile IP data flow…………………………...2-4
Figure 2-5 Binding Update Process……………………………………2-7
Figure 2-6 Micro-mobility of the MN………………………………….2-9
Figure 2-7 The Cellular IPv6 Network……………………………….2-10
Figure 2-8 Beacon Signal Structure…………………………………..2-13
Figure 2-9 Packet format of the route- and paging-update packet…....2-14
Figure 3-1 The scenario of the infrastructure wireless network……….3-2
Figure 3-2 The example of the ad hoc network………………………..3-2
Figure 3-3 The category of routing protocol…………………………...3-3
Figure 3-4 Multiple access of the CDMA in the system……………….3-9
Figure 3-5 The concept of the “interface index”……………………...3-10
Figure 3-6 The Cellular IPv6 Network……………………………….3-11
Figure 3-7 The MH could not receive beacon signals from the BS…..3-12
Figure 3-8 The MH contacts with the BS via a multi-hop path…...….3-12
Figure 3-9 The modified packet format of the route- and paging-update packet…………………………………………………………………3-13
Figure 3-10 The route discovery process of the incapable node……..3-16
Figure 3-11 The case of two route paths……………………………..3-17
Figure 3-12 The downlink transmission……………………………...3-18
Figure 3-13 The Route Maintenance Process I……………………….3-20
Figure 3-14 The Route Maintenance II……………………………….3-21
Figure 4-1 The hierarchical modeling structure………………………..4-2
Figure 4-2 The workflow of the OPNET………………………............4-2
Figure 4-3 The topology of the simulation………………….…….........4-4
Figure 4-4 The node model of the node………………………..............4-5
Figure 4-5 The process of the RRP……………………….....................4-6
Figure 4-6 Node=10, Simulation Time=30min………………………...4-7
Figure 4-7 Node=10, Simulation Time=60min………………………...4-8
Figure 4-8 Node=10, Simulation Time=30min………………………...4-8
Figure 4-9 Node=10, Simulation Time=60min…………………...……4-9
Figure 4-10 Node=20, Simulation Time=30min…………………...…4-10
Figure 4-11 Node=20, Simulation Time=60min………………..…….4-10
Figure 4-12 Node=20, Simulation Time=30min……………………...4-11
Figure 4-13 Node=20, Simulation Time=60min……………………...4-11
Figure 4-14 Node=30, Simulation Time=30min……………………...4-12
Figure 4-15 Node=40, Simulation Time=30min……………………...4-12
Figure 4-16 Node=30, Simulation Time=30min……………………...4-13
Figure 4-17 Node=40, Simulation Time=30min……………………...4-13

List of Tables
Table 2-1 Comparison of the Paging Cache and the Route Cache……2-12
Table 3-1 Comparison of the related works……………………………3-8
Table 4-1 The Comparison of the Delay from 5 to 40 nodes…………4-14
Table 4-1 The Comparison of the Throughput from 5 to 40 nodes…...4-14

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