臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
瞭解合成木質板類工作人員肺功能情形，及比較木材行工作人員及裝潢工作人員肺功能差異情形。國內目前並沒有對合成木質板類工作人員甲醛暴露對肺功能危害之研究，本研究擬透過對使用合成木質板類現場進行調查，以瞭解合成木質板工作人員甲醛暴露情形，及甲醛對人體肺功能危害情形。另外瞭解國內目前使用木質合成板類在第一線工作場所甲醛釋放情形，並比較木質裝潢與木材行工作場所甲醛釋放濃度。以瞭解其濃度是否有超過勞委會的標準。
本研究設計為橫斷性研究。本研究之研究工具主要包括三大部份：壹、問卷調查。貳、肺功能檢測。參、空氣粉塵、甲醛採樣及分析。利用被動式採樣器至木質裝潢與木材行工作場所採集樣本後，參照CLA2501方法進行檢體處理與分析
結果木材行平均甲醛濃度較木質裝潢工作場所要高，兩者釋放甲醛濃度都有超過勞委會規定的標準(1ppm)。木質裝潢工作人員肺功能較木材行及比較組的人差。在問卷調查自覺症狀方面前者較後二者高。
本研究顯示，國內至目前為止，使用合成木質板類的游離甲醛，仍然偏高。合成木質板從製造業或進口商至第一線工作場所時，甲醛釋放濃度可能已超過法定標準，加上第一線工作場所通風換氣大部份不是很好，使其嚴重影響工作人員的健康。政府應加強工作人員的衛生教育及要求工作場所通風換氣。未來將近一步探討此職業暴露在甲醛中對工作人員健康的影響。本研究証實目前合成木質板類工作人員仍暴露在甲醛中，而且對工作人員的肺功能造成影響，但工作人員對於其可能造成的傷害卻不了解，或不重視。因低甲醛釋放濃度的合成本較昂貴，國內一般民眾較不使用，因此對第一線工作人員及屋主造成傷害。未來將近一步探討國內鼻咽癌患者是否與木質合成板工作有關，以提供政府制訂安全的甲醛釋放濃度標準，進一步維護勞工健康。
關鍵字：合成木質板、甲醛、木質裝潢工作人員、肺功能

Abstract
The aims of this study were 1) to investigate the pulmonary function of wood based panels works,2) to compare the pulmonary function difference between lumber venders and decoration workers, and 3) to establish the relationship between the ambient formaldehyde concentration and the pulmonary function. The aims of this study was to understand the ambient formaldehyde concentration of different wood based panels working environments.
This was a cross sectional study. All the demographic data of workers were collected by a closs-ended questionnaire. The pulmonary function test was performed by. Ambient wood-dust and formaldehyde samples were collected and analyzed according to CLA methods. This was a cross-sectional study. The ambient formaldehyde samples were collected by passive samplers and analyzed .according the CLA 2501 method.
The average ambient formaldehyde concentration of lumber venders working environment was higher than that of decoration workers environment. However, both average concentrations were higher than PEL-TWA The pulmonary function of wood based panels workers were worse than that of control group.
The results of this study showed the ambient formaldehyde concentration of wood base panels working environments was higher than PEL-TWA. Neither the lumber venders working environment nor the decoration workers’ environment were well ventilated. The build-up of formaldehyde concentration might affect the health condition of these workers . A health surveillance study is needed. This study confirmed that wood based panels workers now still expose to high level formaldehyde, and that affect. Most people are reluctant to use the synthetic wood products with low formaldehyde releasing because of the price. Therefore, in a poor ventilated working condition, the build-up of indoor ambient formaldehyde is inevitable. To protect the health condition of these workers, a strict standard in the releasing of formaldehyde for the synthetic wood products is needed.
Key words： wood based panels、formaldehyde、wood based panels works、pulmonary function

目 錄
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………….…1
第一節 問題背景及重要性……………..………………….………1
第二節 文獻探討…………………………………….………………3
第二章 合成木質板甲醛及木屑粉塵暴露情形之評估……..……21
第一節 前言…………...….……………………………...………21
第二節 甲醛及木屑粉塵的特性與塵用………..…………….……22
第三節 研究方法及分析……………….………………...……28
第四節 木質合板作業場所採樣結果….………………….…..30
第三章 合成木質板工作人員暴露甲醛對呼吸系統的影響調查..41
第一節 前言………….…….……………………………..………41
第二節 研究方法流程圖….……….……………………………..42
第三節 研究方法及步驟………………….……………….……..43
第四節 結果……………………………….……………….……..47
第四章 木質裝潢工人暴露甲醛對呼吸系統的影響……………..58
第一節 前言………………………………………………..………58
第二節 研究方法流程圖…….…….……………………………..59
第三節 研究方法及步驟…………………….…………………….60
第四節 結果………………………………………………………..62
第五章 討論…………………………….…….…………………..70
第一節 研究限制……………………………….………………….70
第二節 品質保證及品質管制的重要………….………………….70
第三節 環境採樣……………………………….………………….71
第四節 四組工作人員肺功能工作前的比較….………………….73
第五節 甲醛暴露與呼吸道症狀……………….………………….73
第六節 合成木質板工作人員影響其肺功能因素探討…………..75
第六章 結論與建議…………………………. …......…………77
第一節 結論……………………………………….….……………77
第二節 建議……………………………………….….……………78
第七章 參考文獻……………………………………………………79
表目錄
圖目錄
附錄目錄

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