臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
本研究的目的在探討性別、護腕、前臂姿勢（外旋30度、不偏及內旋30度）及手腕位置（伸展30度、不偏及屈曲30度），對握力最大意志施力（MVC）、到達最大握力之時間（T-MVC）、最大可接受之持續時間（MAST）、達MVC前，到達不同﹪MVC所需之時間（0∼100﹪MVC，間距10﹪MVC），以及施力速率（ER，每10﹪MVC所需時間之比值）的影響。實驗採巢狀-因子設計（Nested-Factorial Design），以20位（10男，10女）國防大學國防管理學院學生為受試者（伏集於性別之下），年齡介於18至24歲間，進行36次實驗〔護腕2水準 ×前臂姿勢3水準（外旋30度、不偏及內旋30度）×手腕位置3水準（伸展30度、不偏及屈曲30度） ×重複2次〕。結果發現：（1）性別及手臂姿勢對於MVC有顯著之影響，女性的平均握力為22.4公斤，約為男性34.4公斤的65﹪；手臂姿勢以外旋30度的平均握力29.3公斤最大；（2）女性的T-MVC為1260ms，較男性之1460ms，快約200ms；手臂姿勢以外旋30度的1480ms最慢，護腕及手腕位置間則無明顯差異；（3）性別對於MAST有顯著的影響，男性平均為19.7秒，約為女性10.5秒的2倍；（4）除受試者外，不同時間區段對到達不同﹪MVC所需之時間也有顯著之影響，從20﹪至30﹪MVC以及從30﹪至40﹪MVC所需的時間最短，各為26微秒（ms），僅佔全部時間的4﹪；而到達90﹪∼100﹪MVC所需的時間最長，需806微秒（ms）的時間，約佔全部時間（T-MVC）的59﹪；（5）施力速率之形狀成倒〝U〞字型，呈先增後減的趨勢，最大相對施力速率的發生區段在R20-30至R30-40，最小之施力速率則發生於R90-100區段；男性的最大絕對施力速率發生於R30-40區段，女性則在R20-30區段；三種手臂姿勢之最大絕對施力速率，外旋發生於R20-30至R30-40區段，不偏及內旋則均發生於R20-30區段；（6）Pearson相關係數分析顯示，MVC的大小可說是影響T-MVC早晚及MAST長久的一項重要因素，而T-MVC則是決定絕對施力速率快慢的主因。
就本研究所獲之資料對國防管理方面的意涵而言，它除可提供國防工業單位做為手工具或設備設計，以及零附件購置及製作的一項數據參考外，同時也可減低相關作業環境的危險性，進而達到提升現場作業安全性及戰力維持的目標。

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of gender, wrist support, arm posture and wrist position on maximal volitional contraction（MVC）of grip, the time to reach MVC（T-MVC）, maximum acceptable sustained time of grip（MAST of grip）, the time to reach the different level of ﹪MVC and the exerting rate（ER）.Ten male and ten female subjects participated in this study, and a nested-factors design was employed, in which subject was nested within gender. The total experiment combinations are 36 times〔2 wrist support levels × 3 arm posture levels（lateral 30o、neutral、medial 30o） × 3 wrist position levels（extension 30o、neutral、flexion 30o）× 2 repeats〕. The results of this study are：（1）The effects of gender and arm positions have significance on MVC；the average MVC of the female is 22.4kg , is about 65﹪of that of the male.；the average MVC of the lateral 30o is 29.3kg which is the largest arm posture；（2）The time to reach MVC of the female is faster than that of the male about 200ms, and that of the 300 lateral of arm posture is slower than others arm positions, and there is no significant difference of the time to reach MVC on both wrist support and wrist positions.（3）There is a significant effect of gender on MAST, and the average time of the male（19.7 seconds） is about double of that the female（10.5 seconds）.（4）Only the subjects have significant effect on the time to reach the different ﹪MVC, the time which is the shortest from 20﹪MVC to 30﹪MVC and from 30﹪MVC to 40﹪MVC is about 26ms separately, and the time which is the longest from 90﹪MVC to 100﹪MVC is about 806ms；（5）The shape of the ER is the inversion of 〝U〞word, its line is increased first and then declined. The largest relative ER is generated from the R20-30 to R30-40 intervals, while the smallest relative ER is generated at the R90-100 interval.；the largest absolute ER of men is generated at the R30-40 interval, while the largest absolute ER of women is generated at the R20-30 interval.；about the largest absolute ER of the three arm postures, that the lateral 30o is generated from the R20-30 to R30-40 intervals, while the neutral and medial 30o is generated at the R20-30 interval.（6）The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation indicates：MVC is an important factor to affect T-MVC and MAST, while T-MVC is an main factor which affect absolute ER.
For the national defense management, the data that obtained from this study could provide for the designing of hand tools or equipments, and for the spare parts of purchasing and making. So that the risk rating of relative environments could be put down, and the goal of the safety and the maintenance of war force could achieve.

目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1-1研究背景 1
1-2研究動機 3
1-3研究目的 4
1-4研究限制 5
1-5研究架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
2-1靜態肌力 7
2-2耐力與持續時間 8
2-3力量發展速率 10
2-4性別與握力 10
2-5手臂和手腕 11
2-6護腕 13
第三章 研究方法 15
3-1受試者 15
3-2實驗儀器及設備 16
3-3實驗設計 20
3-4實驗程序 23
3-5資料擷取與分析 26
第四章 結果與討論 28
4-1握力最大意志施力 28
4-2到達最大握力之時間 32
4-3最大可接受持續時間 36
4-4到達不同﹪MVC所需之時間 39
4-5施力速率 45
4-6因變項與人體計測值間之相關分析 48
第五章 結論 51
5-1結論 51
5-2管理與應用 53
5-3未來研究方向 54
參考文獻 55
一、中文部份 55
二、英文部份 56

參考文獻
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