臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來由於無線電通訊蓬勃發展，從振幅調變(AM)，頻率調變(FM)，相位調變(PM)，時至今日數位調變ASK，FSK，PSK，MSK等方式新技術的發展快速廣泛地應用於數據傳輸
雖然無線電可以用來傳送資料，但在信號在傳送的過程中，充斥著外來的雜訊干擾，多路傳輸的影響，以及信號本身的傳輸損耗，導致無線電本身是一種不穏定的傳輸媒介，所以無線電通訊的錯誤產生的情況很多，這許多因素影響了信號的傳輸品質，為克服此項無線數據傳輸的弱點，利用數位調變技術來改善通訊信號品質，加入通道編碼技術經由前向錯誤修正技術（FEC）來還原訊息，就可減少訊息重傳次數加，避免無謂的頻寬資源消耗。
在本篇論文數位調變系統與錯誤修正，在無線電數據傳輸應用方面主要引用方法有下列幾點：
１，應用BCH的編碼技術，修正在無線電傳送過程中所造成的錯誤，提高訊息傳送的效率。
２，應用QAM數位調變的技術，在有限的頻寬中完成信號的傳送接收。
３，引用POCSAG通信協定來完成無線電數據傳輸的程序。
４，建構微處理機界面，使微處理機能控制編解器，完成數位資料傳送接收、無線電信號調變與雙向資料傳輸的功能。
最後，建立一完整功能的平台，以實際信號測試來驗證理論並作深入的探討。

Being the booming development of radio communication these years, from Ampli-
tude Modulation( AM), and frequency Modulation( FM), Phase Modulation ( PM), till now the digital Modulation ASK, FSK, PSK, the innovation of new technique applied in the data communication widely.
Although the radio signal can be applied to transmit data in the air, but interfered with noises, affected by multi path transmission and signal fading, the wireless radio itself is one of unstable transmission media during the process of signal transmission.
So these factors affected the quality of wireless data communication while the come out of wireless communication errors are common. In order to conquer the weakness of radio data transmission, we improve the radio signal quality with digital modulation and the technique of forward error correction( FEC) to restore the message by channel coding , reduced the re-transmit of signal and avoid the meaningless depletion of bandwidth resources.
In this thesis, deliver the main method of applied aspect to have in the data of wireless data transmission in following point:
１, Revise the errors created in the process of radio transmission by applied the BCH
technique and increase transmission efficiency.
２, Apply the technique of QAM , come completing the signal transmission in limited
bandwidth.
３ ,Quote from the POCSAG protocol to correspond by letter the pact to come to
procedure that complete data of wireless data transmission.
４ ,To make microprocessor control the CODEC by constructing the interface of
microprocessor, and complete the send and receive of digital data、modulation and demodulation of radio signal , and the function of two way data communication .
At last, Construct a full function platform to verify the theory of those techniques and study more.

中文提要 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
英文提要 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
誌謝 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
表目錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
符號說明 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
一, 緒論
1.1 研究動機　----------------------------------------------------------- 12
1.2 研究方法 ----------------------------------------------------------- 13
1.3 章節概要 ----------------------------------------------------------- 13
二, BCH編解碼原理與實現
　2.1前言 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 14
2.2 BCH編碼理論---------------------------------------------------------- 14
　2.3 BCH編碼理論的實現
2.3.1 編碼的實現程序 ------------------------------------------------- 15
2.3.2 BCH編碼器的流程說明 --------------------------------------------- 18
2.3.3 實際演算過程及模擬結果 ------------------------------------------ 19
2.4 BCH解碼理
2.4.1 計算特徵值 ----------------------------------------------------- 21
2.4.2 解方程式 ------------------------------------------------------- 23
2.4.3 尋找錯誤位元 ---------------------------------------------------- 25
2.4.4 理論的實現與過程 ----------------------------------------------26
三，數位調變理論與實現
3.1 前言 --------------------------------------------------------------- 35
3.2 2相相位調變 -------------------------------------------------------- 35
3.3 4相相位調變 -------------------------------------------------------- 36
3.4 8相相位調變 -------------------------------------------------------- 39
3.5 QAM調變
3.5.1 QAM調變理論 --------------------------------------------------- 40
3.5.2 QAM解碼理論　--------------------------------------------------- 42
3.5.3 新的QAM的實現方法----------------------------------------------- 44
3.5.4 16 QAM輸出波形與DAC輸入值之對應關係 ---------------------------- 45
　　3.5.5 QAM編碼器的實現流程說明 --------------------------------------- 50
3.5.6 QAM解碼器的實現方法 -------------------------------------------- 53
3.5.7 QAM解碼器的實現流程說明 --------------------------------------- 54
　　3.5.8 BCH解碼實例與模擬結果說明 ------------------------------------- 55
四，POCSAG通信協定
4.1 前言 -------------------------------------------------------------- 60
4.2 POCSAG起緣及協定內容 ----------------------------------------------- 60
五，系統整合與測試
5.1 系統方塊圖說明 ----------------------------------------------------- 63
5.2 接腳說明 ------------------------------------------------------------ 73
5.3 功能方塊說明 -------------------------------------------------------- 74
5.4 實際信號量測與比較　------------------------------------------------- 80
5.5 Verilog程式組織架構圖 ----------------------------------------------- 83
六，結論 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 89
七，參考資料 -------------------------------------------------------------- 90

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