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Cymbidium mosaic virus ( CyMV ) is a member of Potexvirus genus in the family Potexviridae. It is an important virus infecting orchid plants and occurring worldwide. The conventional methods including host range, symptomatology and serology are not able to identify and classify the CyMV strains. Therefore we tried to use molecular biology method to differentiate CyMV strains. The purpose of this study was to sequence the genomic regions of CyMV Taiwan strain(CyMV-TW), and compare the nucleotide and amino acid sequences with those of two reported CyMV strains, CyMV-K2 ( from Korea ) and CyMV-S1 ( from Singapore ). As the result of sequencing, the nearly full length nucleotides of CyMV-TW were 6187. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences for RdRp(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) gene were 4254 and 1417, respectively, which encoded a protein of MW of 159,956 Da representing RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; for TGB1(triple-gene-block 1)gene were 690 and 229, respectively, which encoded a protein of MW of 25,863 Da representing movement protein 1; for TGB2(triple-gene-block 2)gene were 339 and 112, respectively, which encoded a protein of MW of 12,474 Da representing movement protein 2; for TGB3(triple-gene-block 3)gene were 276 and 91, respectively, which encoded a protein of MW of 9,682 Da representing movement protein 3; for CP(coat protein)gene were 672 and 223, respectively, which encoded a protein of MW of 23,808 Da representing coat protein. The nucleotide sequences of 5'' and 3'' non-translated region were 55 and 49, respectively. As the results of comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, all of three CyMV strains, CyMV-TW, CyMV-S1 and CyMV-K2, showed over 90 ﹪identity and similarity which proved that they are different strains of the same virus. In conclusion, the comparison of multiple alignments of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among CyMV strains displayed high identities in intraspecies. However, the nucleotide sequences of CP gene of Thailand and France strains had only 49~53﹪identities to other known strains of CyMV. Therefore, they may not be the same virus of CyMV. Furthermore the reported nucleotide sequences of CP gene of Thailand and France strains could not be translated into a complete amino acid sequence. In the phylogenetic analysis, CyMV-TW strain had a closer relationship with CyMV-S1. It is expected that the result of this study can help in the construction of the antivirus transgenic plants for controlling CyMV in the future.
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