臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

約翰‧頓的詩突破了以往佩脫拉克詩派的傳統，並為英詩開拓了新的視野。他的詩與其同時代的詩人不同之處在於，善於操控語言的修辭技巧，進而扭轉曲解傳統詩的意象及節奏。他的詩不僅引起當時毀譽參半的討論，更有後起詩人隨之加入，文學史上稱約翰‧頓及其跟隨者為形上學派詩人。這篇論文的目的在嘗試以肯尼士‧柏克對修辭與意識型態的討論，來探索約翰‧頓的詩在十七世紀的風行及其背後的時代意義。
論文第一章主要闡述介紹修辭與意識型態互為表裡的關係，並以修辭的三大要素：作者、觀眾、及形式的相互牽引模式作為這篇論文的發展基礎。
第二章以作者為主，根據修辭學的看法，認為文學作品是作者對其所處環境，做出的策略性回應。本章討論約翰‧頓在政治力的壓迫下，做出改變信仰的決定，為撫平其良心的不安，詩人在詩中發展出一套特殊的神／人關係，以為自己辯護解套。
第三章將觀眾／讀者由邊緣拉到中心，探討詩人與讀者的互動關係。從最核心的圈內朋黨利益交換，到寄望後世的讀者以期名留不朽，詩人更有甚者，刻意迴避讀者以保個人隱私權不被侵犯。
第四章以形式與意圖為探討主題，根據修辭學對象訴諸自由意志客體的特性，為約翰‧頓在性別議題上提供重新省思的方向。
第五章為綜合性的結論，重申修辭及其三要素與意識型態相互牽引的關係，更進一步顯露傳統文學批評二元論的不足。

The poetry of John Donne represents a sharp break with that written by his Petrarchan predecessors and exploits a new style in the history English poetry. What Donne sharply opposed to his contemporaries and his predecessors lies not only in his special use of rhetoric but also in his distorting images and ideas traditional rhythmic and stanzaic patterns. Donne’s poetry was as much praised as blamed at his time. Donne and his followers are known as Metaphysical poets in the history of English literature. According to Kenneth Burke’s discussion of the relation between rhetoric and ideology, this thesis tries to explore the popularity of Donne’s poetry in relation to its historical context.
The thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter one is the introductory part which draws out the interdependent relation between rhetoric and ideology. The transitive model of three elements of rhetoric will be the development of this thesis.
Chapter Two is based on the element of author. A literary work, in light of rhetoric, is a strategic response to the situation and dilemmas facing an author. Under the pressure of political force, Donne had to do the choice of converting from the Roman Catholic to the Church of England. Being haunted with the guilt of converting faith, Donne justifies himself in developing a special God/Man relationship.
Chapter Three draws the audience/reader from marginal place to the center of the stage to discuss the interaction of the author and the audience/reader.
Chapter Four focuses on the theme of form and intentions. Rhetoric resorts to an object of free will. To this key concept, the feature of rhetoric presents a reconsideration of Donne’s poetry on sexual issues.
Chapter Five is a synthetic conclusion of Donne’s strategic use of rhetoric, reasserting the transitive feature of rhetorical elements and by which uncover the deficiency of dualism of traditional literary criticism.

Table of Contents
Chapter One: Introduction…………………………………………………..1
Chapter Two: A Poet’s Conscience and His Rhetoric Answer to His Choice………………………………………………………...15
Chapter Three: Audience Reconsidered…………………………………..36
Chapter Four: Form and Intention………………………………………...57
Chapter Five: Conclusion…………………………………………………..77
Works Cited………………………………………………………………….81

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