臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的在探究國中生之依附關係、壓力知覺與其因應策略的相關情形。並探討不同性別、年級與家庭結構在依附關係、壓力知覺與因應策略上的差異情形。本研究以高屏地區國民中學一至三年級528名的男女學生為受試對象，進行問卷調查。所得資料以t-考驗、單因子變異數分析、積差相關及多元迴歸分析等統計分法進行資料處理，並依統計結果加以分析及討論。主要發現摘述如下：
一、目前國中生和父親、母親及同儕之間具有中等程度以上的良好依附關係；在壓力知覺的初級評估，是以挑戰評估為主，威脅評估次之，最後為傷害評估，而次級評估較傾向於積極樂觀；壓力因應策略的運用，是以轉移注意為主，再者為積極因應、消極因應，而最不常運用的方式為尋求支援。
二、不同性別的國中生在母親依附、同儕依附、傷害評估（自選及指定壓力）、威脅評估（自選及指定壓力）、挑戰評估（自選壓力）、積極因應、消極因應、轉移注意以及尋求支持等層面上具有顯著差異。
三、不同年級的國中生在挑戰（指定壓力）、積極因應、尋求支持等層面上具有顯著差異。
四、不同家庭結構的國中生在父親依附、傷害評估（自選壓力）、次級評估（自選壓力）、消極因應等層面上具有顯著差異。
五、國中生之依附關係、壓力知覺與其因應策略兩兩之間具有顯著相關。
六、國中生的挑戰評估（自選壓力）、父親依附、挑戰評估（指定壓力）、母親依附及同儕依附對其「積極因應」具有顯著效應，其中，「挑戰評估（自選壓力）」的影響力最大。
七、國中生的傷害評估（自選壓力與指定壓力）、威脅評估（指定壓力）、次級評估（自選壓力）以及同儕依附對其「消極因應」具有顯著效應，其中，「傷害評估（自選壓力）」的影響力最大。
八、國中生的同儕依附、挑戰評估（指定壓力）、父親依附以及次級評估（指定壓力）對其「轉移注意」具有顯著效應，其中，「同儕依附」的影響力最大。
九、國中生的母親依附、父親依附、挑戰評估（自選壓力）及傷害評估（指定壓力）對其「尋求支援」具有顯著效應，其中，「母親依附」的影響力最大。
最後，根據研究結果提出具體建議，以供教育、輔導及未來研究之相關人員參考。
關鍵字： 依附關係、壓力、壓力知覺、因應策略

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among attachment relationship, perceived stress and coping strategies of the junior high school students,
and to analyze the difference of gender, grade level and family status.
A questionnaire that assesses all of variables was administered to 528 students draw from the junior high school in Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas.The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics , t-test , one-way ANOVA , Pearson product-moment correlation , canonical correlation , multiple regression analysis. The major findings of the study were as follows：
1. The junior high school students have lightly positive attachment relationship with their parents and peer. The primary and second appraisal of perceived stress trend towards positive way. The sequence of coping strategies that students used were seeking diversions, positive coping, negative coping and seeking support.
2. There was significant difference of gender on mother attachment, peer attachment, appraisal of loss, threat（selected and appointed stressor）and challenge（selected stressor）, positive coping, negative coping, seeking diversions and seeking support.
3. There was significant difference of grade level on challenge appraisal（appointed stressor）, positive coping and seeking support.
4. There was significant difference of family status on father attachment, loss appraisal（selected stressor）, second appraisal（selected stressor）and negative coping.
5. There were significant correlations among attachment relationship, perceived stress and coping strategies.
6. Challenge appraisal（selected stressor）, father attachment, challenge appraisal（appointed stressor）, mother attachment and peer attachment could significantly predict positive coping. Challenge appraisal could predict best.
7. Loss appraisal（selected and appointed stressor）, threat appraisal（appointed stressor）, second appraisal（selected stressor） and peer attachment could significantly predict negative coping. Loss appraisal could predict best.
8. Peer attachment, challenge appraisal（appointed stressor）, father attachment and second appraisal（appointed stressor）could significantly predict seeking diversions. Peer attachment could predict best.
9. Mother attachment, father attachment , challenge appraisal（selected stressor） and loss appraisal（appointed stressor）could significantly predict seeking support. Mother attachment could predict best.
Based on the above findings , suggestions to education , counseling institution and future study are presented.
Key words ： attachment relationship, stress , perceived stress , coping strategies

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
表次 Ⅴ
圖次 Ⅶ
第一章 緒論
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究問題 6
第三節 名詞釋義 6
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 依附關係的理論與相關研究 8
第二節 壓力與因應策略之理論與相關研究 28
第三節 依附風格、壓力知覺及因應策略之相關研究 40
第三章 研究設計與方法
第一節 研究架構 43
第二節 研究假設 44
第三節 研究對象 45
第四節 研究工具 46
第五節 實施程序及步驟 62
第六節 資料分析 63
第四章 研究結果與討論
第一節 國中生依附關係、壓力知覺與因應策略之現況分析 64
第二節 不同背景變項的國中生在依附關係、壓力知覺
與因應策略的差異分析 69
第三節 依附關係、壓力知覺與因應策略之相關分析 80
第四節 依附關係、壓力知覺對因應策略之預測分析 87
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論 95
第二節 建議 99
參考文獻
中文部分 104
英文部分 107
附錄
附錄一 ：預試問卷─父母與同儕依附量表 115
附錄二 ：預試問卷─生活經驗量表與因應策略量表 119
附錄三 ：正式問卷─國中生生活經驗問卷 123

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