臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文提出了一個改良式的差異化服務機制，稱為”調和式差異化服務(Harmonic DiffServ)”。其主要目的是針對目前網際網路使用群播技術傳送視訊資料時，能夠最有效率地提供用戶異質化的服務品質(Heterogeneous QoS)。在論文中我們提出了一個「和諧分割」的方法，配合目前網際網路上的群播路由協定，可以將DiffServ Domain 內的群播樹聚集成叢集(Cluster)，並將這些叢集「映對」成目前DiffServ尚未定義的DSCP碼，做為分類封包的依據，以達成提供Heterogeneous QoS的目的。並提出「DSCP碼交換」方法，結合「和諧分割」方法可以更進一步地抑制DSCP碼的成長，而大幅提升所提機制的實用性。最後透過模擬實驗，證明我們所提出機制不僅可以達到如IntServ的頻寬利用效率，並擁有DiffServ所具有的網路擴充性。

1 緒論…………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景…………………………………………………1
1.2 研究動機…………………………………………………3
1.3 研究目的…………………………………………………4
1.4 研究方法與步驟…………………………………………5
1.5 論文架構…………………………………………………6
2 文獻探討……………………………………………………8
2.1 Multicast技術 …………………………………………8
2.2 調適速率(adaptive bit-rate)技術…………………14
2.2.1 Single-stream video multicast ………………14
2.2.2 Replicated-stream video multicast …………15
2.2.3 Layered video multicast ………………………17
2.2.3.1 RLM…………………………………………………18
2.2.3.2 LVM R………………………………………………20
2.3 整合式服務(Integrated Service—IntServ)………24
2.3.1 服務架構……………………………………………24
2.3.2 RSVP…………………………………………………26
2.3.3 Reservation Style ………………………………29
2.4 差異化服務(Differentiated Service—DiffServ) 30
2.4.1 DSCP的定義…………………………………………31
2.4.2 差異化服務架構……………………………………32
2.4.3 逐點傳送行為(Per Hop Behavior—PHB) ………36
2.4.3.1 快速傳送(Expedited Forwarding-EF)…………38
2.4.3.2 確保傳送(Assured Forwarding—AF) …………39
2.4.4 AH-LMS方法…………………………………………41
2.5 IntServ over DiffServ方法…………………………44
3 異質性服務品質(Heterogeneous QoS)問題之模型……47
3.1 在IntServ的架構提供異質性的服務品質……………48
3.2 分級編碼(Layer based Encoding-LE)………………51
3.3 框型編碼(Type based Encoding-TE) ………………53
4 解決方法.…………………………………………………56
4.1 叢集編碼(Cluster based Encoding—CE) …………56
4.2 Cluster based Encoding with Code Exchange-CE/CX65
5 模擬結果 …………………………………………………74
5.1 模擬步驟及模組說明 …………………………………74
5.2 實驗一：DiffServ與CE方法之頻寬比較 ……………81
5.3 實驗二:CE之DSCP成長趨勢分析………………………85
5.4 實驗三:CE與CX之DSCP數目比較………………………89
6 結論與未來研究方向 ……………………………………95
6.1 結論 ……………………………………………………95
6.2未來研究方向 …………………………………………97
7 參考文獻 …………………………………………………99

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