臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文嘗試探討雅買加˙金潔德小說中的文本政治，著重於分析其如何以自傳體形式的書寫，策略性地重置自我，歷史及其背後的權力關係。在雅買加˙金潔德小說中，權力關係的場域，往往架構於母女關係的主題性衍異。而互為表□的這兩個對應(映)層面，將金潔德個人自傳性的故事延展成為政治性的歷史敘事，進而突顯金潔德將書寫做為一種生存抗爭的策略。第一個章節著重於金潔德如何將書寫自我做為一種抗爭行動。一方面，有別於西方後結構文論對於書寫主體的死亡宣告，金潔德突顯以其名及其文化之名發言的必要性與政治性。另一方面，金潔德在其自我定位書寫的抗爭中，藉由西方後結構文論對於二元論述下自我概念生成的拆解，置身於弱勢者的中界空間，既拆解又建構，藉此以尋求策略性自我定位。第二個章節則是針對歷史在身體的銘刻，藉由米歇爾˙傅柯對權力與身體的系譜學分析，檢視金潔德小說中的主角在面對權力銘刻之際，如何具體化其抗爭的行動。第三個章節著眼於金潔德自傳性書寫的政治性。首先分析加勒比海女性書寫的政治性與其歷史的關係，進而藉由西方後結構文論拆解其自身歷史的合理性。而金潔德透過自傳性的書寫，逆寫母女/權力關係，進而突顯其個人故事與歷史敘事互為表□的政治性。

Abstract
In this thesis, I attempt to examine Jamaica Kincaid’s re-negotiation with the politics of power relations in her novels. Kncaid’s novels, through the strategic deployment of autobiographical writing, redress the power dimension in the notions of self and history. The fact that Kincaid frames the field of power relations within the thematic recurrence of mother-daughter relations structures her novels in a way that conflates her personal stories with her group history. Moreover, such a structure emphatically registers the self-positioning act of Kincaid’s writing as a strategy for survival. The first chapter explores how Kincaid mobilizes her self-writing as an act of political resistance. On the one hand, Kincaid opposes her writing which is delivered in the name of herself or her culture to the poststructuralist pronouncements of the general demise of a writing subject. On the other hand, Kincaid, through implicating the poststructuralist fracture of self in the protocol of decolonization, attempts to strategically inhabit in what Homi Bhabha calls the in-between space to define herself. The second chapter deals with the inscription of historical forces on the body. Foucault’s genealogical unpacking of history in the body here helps to investigate how Kincaid’s fictional alter egos bear and, more importantly, act out against the inscription of power. The third chapter focuses on the politics of Kincaid’s autobiographical writing. At first, I unpack the relations between history and the politics of women’s writing in the West Indies, and borrow the poststructuralist interrogation of Western historical knowledge to contradict the West’s epistemological claims to West Indian history. And then I turn to the analysis of Kincaid’s autobiographical writing, which, through its thematic deployment of mother-daughter relations, turns on the political empowerment in her strategic integration of her personal and collective history.

Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction 1
Chapter One
Writing Self as an Act of Resistance 4
Chapter Two
The Politics of History and Body Inscription 41
Chapter Three
Making History: Writing Her Autobiographical Stories 73
Works Cited 109

Works Cited
Adams, Hazard, ed. Critical Theory Since Plato. Rev. ed. Forth Worth: Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich College Publishers, 1992.
Althusser, Louis. Essays on Ideology. London: Verso, 1984.
Ashcroft, Bill, et. al. The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-
Colonial Literatures. London & New York: Routledge, 1989.
Barthes, Roland. “The Death of the Author.” Critical Theory Since Plato. 1127-
33.
Benstock, Shari, ed. The Private Self: Theory and Practice of Women’s
Autobiographical Writings. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1988.
Bhabha, Homi. The Location of Culture. London & New York: Routledge, 1994.
Birbalsingh, Frank, ed. Frontiers of Caribbean Literature in English. London:
Macmillan, 1996.
Boehmer, Elleke. Colonial and Postcolonial Literature. Oxford & New York:
Oxford UP, 1995.
Breteton, Bridget. “Gendered Testimonies: Autobiographies, Diaries and Letters
by Women as Sources for Caribbean History.” Feminist Studies 59 (Summer
1998): 143-63.
Brook, Peter. Body Work: Objects of Desire in Modern Narrative. Cambridge:
Harvard UP, 1993.
Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity.
New York & London: Routledge, 1990.
Byerman, Keith E. “Anger in a Small Place: Jamaica Kincaid’s Cultural
Critique of Antigua.” College Literature 22.1 (1995): 91-102.
Constantino, Renato. “Notes on Historical Writing for the Third World.”
Journal of Contemporary Asia. Vol. 10 No. 3 1980. 233-240.
Covi, Giovanna. “Jamaica Kincaid’s Prismatic Self and the Decolonization of
Language and Thought.” Framing the Word: Gender and Genre in Caribbean
Women’s Writing. Ed. Joan Anim-Addo. London: Whiting and Birch, 1996.
37-67.
Cudjoe, Selwyn R. “Jamaica Kincaid and the Modern Project: an Interview.”
Caribbean Women Writers: Essays from the First International Conference.
Ed. Selwyn R. Cudjoe. Wellesley: Calaloux, 1990. 215-32.
De Abruna, Laura Niesen. “Family Connections: Mother and Mother Country
in the Fiction of Jean Rhys and Jamaica Kincaid.” Motherlands. 257-89.
Derrida, Jacques. “Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourses of the Human
Sciences.” Critical Theory Since Plato. 1116-26.
Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell,
1996.
Edmondson, Belinda. Making Men: Gender, Literary Authority, and Women’s Writing
in Caribbean Narrative. Durham & London: Duke UP, 1999.
Felski, Rita. Beyond Feminist Aesthetics: Feminist Literature and Social
Change. London: Hutchinson Radius, 1989.
Ferguson, Moira. Jamaica Kincaid: Where the Land meets the Body.
Charlottesville and London: UP of Virginia, 1994.
- - - . “A Lot of Memory: An Interview with Jamaica Kincaid.” Kenyon
Review16.1 (1994): 163-90.
- - - . “Lucy and the Mark of the Colonizer.” Modern Fiction Studies 39.2
(1993): 237-59.
Foucault, Michel. Power/ Knowledge. Ed. Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon, 1980.
- - - . Discipline and Punish. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage, 1995.
- - - . The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York:
Vintage, 1995.
- - - . The Foucault Reader. Ed. Paul Rabinow. New York: Pantheon,1984.
- - - . “What is Enlightenment?” The Foucault Reader. 32-50.
- - - . “Nietzsche, Genealogy, History.” The Foucault Reader. 76-100.
- - - . “What is an Author?” The Foucault Reader. 101-120.
- - - . “ The Subject and Power.” Art after Modernism: Rethinking Representation.
Ed. Brian Wallis. New York: New Museum of Contemporary Art, 1984.
417-32.
Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth. “My Statue, My Self: Autobiographical Writings of
Afro-American Women.” The Private Self. 63-90.
Friedman, Susan Standford. “Women’s Autobiographical Selves: Theory and
Practice.” The Private Self. 34-62.
Fuss, Diana. Essentially Speaking: Feminism, Nature & Difference. New York and
London: Routledge, 1989.
Gilmore, Leigh. Autobiographics: A Feminist Theory of Women’s Self-
Representation. Ithaca & London: Cornell UP, 1994.
Griffiths, Gareth. “The Myth and Authenticity: Representation, Discourse, and
Social Practice.” Describing Empire. 70-85.
Hall, Stuart. “Cultural Identity and Diaspora.” Contemporary Postcolonial
Theory: A Reader. Ed. Padmini Mongia. New York & London: Arnad,
1997. 110-21.
- - - . “The Spectacle of the ‘Other’.” Representation: Cultural
Representations and Signifying Practices. Ed. Stuart Hall. London: The
Open University, 1997. 223-90.
Hutcheon, Linda. The Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction.
London & New York: Routledge, 1995.
- - - . The Politics of Postmodernism. London & New York: Routledge,1991.
JanMohamed, Adul R. “The Economy of the Manichean Allegory.” Critical
Inquiry 12 (Autumn 1985): 59-87.
Kaplan, Caren. “Resisting Autobiography: Out-Law Genres and Transnational
Feminist Subjects.” De/ colonizing the Subject: The Politics of Gender in
Women’s Autobiography. Eds. Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson. Minneapolis:
U of Minnesota P, 1992. 115-38.
Kincaid, Jamaica. Lucy. New York; Plume, 1991.
- - - . At the Bottom of the River. New York: Plume, 1992.
- - - . The Autobiography of My Mother. New York: Plume,1996.
- - - . Annie John. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.
- - - . A Small Place. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.
- - - . “On Seeing England for the First Time.” Transition: An Introduction
Review 51(1991): 32-40.
- - -. “In History.” Callaloo 20.1 (1997) 1-7.
Lima, Maria Helena. “Decolonizing Genre: Jamaica Kincaid and the
Bildungsroman.” Genre 26 (winter 1993): 431-59.
Mahlis, Kristen. “Gender and Exile: Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy.” Modern Ficiton
Studies 44.1 (1998): 164-73.
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. “Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and
Colonial Discourses.” Colonial Discourse and Post-colonial Theory: A
Reader. Eds. Patrick Williams and Laura Chrisman. Hertfordshire:
Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993. 196-220
Morris, Ann R. and Margaret M. Dunn. “‘The Bloodstream of Our Inheritance’:
Female Identity and the Caribbean Mothers’-land.” Motherlands. 219-37
Nasta, Susheila, ed. Motherlands: Black Women’s Writing from Africa, the
Caribbean and South Asia. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers UP, 1991.
Perry, Donna. “An Interview with Jamaica Kincaid.” Reading Black, Reading
Feminist: A Critical Anthology. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York:
Meridian, 1990. 492-509.
Ramchand, Kenneth. The West Indian Novel and its Background. London:
Heinemann, 1970.
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. “Subaltern Studies: Deconstructing
Historiography.”The Spivak Reader. Eds. Donna Landrey and Gerald Maclean.
New York & London: Routledge, 1996. 203-35.
Tiffin, Chris, and Alan Lawson eds. Describing Empire: Post-colonialism and
Textuality. London & New York: Routledge, 1994.
- - - . “Introduction: The Textuality of Empire.” Describing Empire. 1-11.
Tiffin, Helen. “Post-Colonialism, Post-Modernism and the Rehabilitation of
Post-Colonial History.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 13.1
(1988): 169-81.
Viswanathan, Gauri. “Currying Favor: Politics of British Educational and
Cultural Policy in India, 1813-54.” Dangerous Liaisons: Gender, Nation,
and Postcolonial Perspectives. Eds. Anne McClintock, Aamir Mufti, and
Ella Shohat. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1997. 113-29.
White, Hayden. Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century
Europe. Baltimore: John Hopkins UP, 1988.
- - - . Tropics of Discourse: Essays in Cultural Criticism. Baltimore & London:
John Hopkins UP, 1986.
- - - . “The Historical Text as Literary Artifact.” Tropics of Discourse. 81-
100.
- - - . “The Fictions of Factual Representation.” Tropics of Discourse. 121-
34.
Wilson-Tagoe, Nana. Historical Thought and Literary Representation in West
Indian Literature. Oxford: James Currey, 1998.
Young, Robert. White Mythologies: Writing History and the West. London:
Routledge,1990.