臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

先前的研究顯示PVA為一種包埋脫色菌群的良好擔體，並將此固定化菌體顆粒置於流體化床反應器內操作，亦發現在色度去除方面具有很大的發展潛力，但之前的研究局限以單一染料為處理對象，而一般實際染整廠的廢水組成相當複雜，包含多種染料，因此，本研究首先探討PVA固定化菌體顆粒在多種染料同時存在時是否具有脫色能力，並考慮實際應用時額外添加營養源的成本，尋找便宜的替代營養源，實驗結果顯示本系統之固定化菌體顆粒具有分解不同染料的能力，而yeast peptone powder可作為便宜之替代氮源。
再者，將PVA固定化菌體顆粒置於上流式厭氣流體化床反應器中進行混合染料廢水之生物分解，探討操作變數如反應器之床膨脹比率、HRT、入流之染料濃度等因子對分解混合染料廢水的影響。結果顯示最適之操作條件為床膨脹比率=60％、HRT=8小時，而反應器內之固定化菌體顆粒可承受之染料負荷高達15,000 ADMI3/h（7,500 ADMI31/h）且發現固定化菌體顆粒不但可長期連續使用，並具有操作穩定性，有利於實際應用。最後，以實際染整廠廢水為處理對象，結果顯示本研究之流體化床反應器在脫色效率方面（66-73 %）相當於活性污泥法與化學混凝法合併之處理效果（64-67 %），而在COD方面兩階段處理系統與染整廠之活性污泥槽的處理效果差不多，顯示本研究之脫色系統具有相當大的發展潛力。另外，在毒性方面，顯示欲降低厭氧分解產生的代謝產物的毒性，第二個好氣生物反應器為必需的。

目 錄
一、研究緣起 1
二、研究背景與目的 2
2-1國內染整業現況 2
2-1-1簡介 2
2-1-2染整廢水之特性 2
2-1-3廢水處理現況 4
2-2放流水法規 6
2-2-1 ADMI法簡介 6
2-2-2放流水色度標準 8
2-3國內外脫色相關研究 8
2-3-1物理方法 8
2-3-2化學方法 8
2-3-3生物方法 9
2-4不同生物反應器脫色之比較 13
2-4-1生物膜反應器 13
2-4-2流體化床反應器 14
2-4-3厭氧-好氧兩階段反應器 14
2-5染料毒性與分解後代謝物之毒性影響 17
2-6流體化床反應器 19
2-6-1簡介 19
2-6-2流體化床反應器之優點 19
2-6-3流體化床反應器操作參數 20
2-7先前的研究成果 22
2-8研究目的 24
三、材料與方法 26
3-1實驗藥品 26
3-2脫色微生物、污泥與廢水來源 26
3-3固定化顆粒製備 27
3-4反應器裝置 27
3-5染料廢水之色度測定 28
3-6顆粒內菌體濃度之測量 30
3-7掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM）觀察菌相 31
3-8批次試驗 31
3-8-1人工合成染料廢水之影響 31
3-8-2替代營養源之影響 32
3-9流體化床反應器操作因子之影響 33
3-10實際染整廢水特性之測量 35
四、結果與討論 39
4-1人工合成染料廢水之解析 39
4-1-1單一染料廢水 39
4-1-2混合染料廢水 39
4-2替代營養源之解析 41
4-2-1不同氮源之影響 41
4-2-2不同碳源之影響 42
4-3流體化床反應器生物分解染料廢水之解析 43
4-3-1流體化床反應器啟動 43
4-3-2入流YP濃度對染料生物分解之影響 44
4-3-3床膨脹率對染料生物分解之影響 44
4-3-4 HRT對染料生物分解之影響 45
4-3-5入流染料色度對染料生物分解之影響 46
4-3-6流體化床反應器之操作穩定性 47
4-4實際染整廢水試驗 49
4-5毒性分析 51
4-6固定化顆粒之菌相觀察 53
五、結論 55
六、參考文獻 57
七、圖表 64

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