臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在提出一種未見於任何文獻的鎳絲化學製作方法，該化學方法係使用鎳的鹽類溶液為原料，於鹼性環境下，使用聯胺為還原劑，以及其它必要的添加劑，例如界面活性劑，並且在磁場的環境下生長。首先溶液中的鎳離子被還原成鎳微粒，然後順著磁力線的方向長成絲狀。鎳絲的直徑會受反應液pH的影響，將pH控制在11.50∼14.00之間可以得到50∼1μm的鎳絲。而當磁場的強度大於50 Oe時，可以得到數公分長的鎳絲。
　　此外，本研究也探討了鎳絲/ABS複合材料的電磁波屏蔽特性。以鎳絲為填充物，ABS為基質，使用氯仿為溶劑加以混鍊，塗佈成複合材料薄膜作為電磁輻射干擾（Electromagnetic Interference，簡稱EMI）屏蔽材料的應用。在實驗過程中，我們設法補強鎳絲使其在混鍊後維持不錯的aspect ratio，或是增加鎳絲在ABS中混合的均勻程度，如此才能得到較好的屏蔽效率。而添加偶合劑能夠加強鎳絲與ABS之間的鍵結，提升整體複材的機械強度，並有助於兩者之間的相容性，使鎳絲容易在ABS中均勻分散。在本研究得到的最佳屏蔽效率約為45dB，而樣品厚度只有約250μm。

The objective of this study is to investigate a novel chemical method, which is not found in the literature, to synthesize nickel fibers. This chemical method utilizes nickel salt solution as a precursor, hydrazine in an alkaline solution as a reducing agent, and other necessary additives, such as surface active agents, to obtain the claimed nickel fibers under the influence of magnetic field. We believed that ultra-fine nickel powders were first produced by chemical reduction, and subsequently grew into fibers along the direction of magnetic field. The diameters of these fibers were strongly affected by the starting pH of the precursor solution, varying from 50 mm to around 1 mm when pH was changed from 11.5 to 14.0. On the other hand, when the magnetic field was above 50 Oe (Oersted), we could easily obtain fibers with length over 5 cm.
The effectiveness of nickel fiber/ABS composite as an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material was also investigated in this work. We used nickel fiber as the filler, ABS as the polymeric matrix to get a composite for EMI applications. The mixing was done by the solvent method using chloroform and the composite was made into thin film. The effects of fiber diameter and fiber strength on the shielding effectiveness were studied. Deviations of experimental shielding effectiveness from theoretical predictions were thought to be due to the non-uniform distribution of fibers in the composites. The addition of a coupling agent helps the bonding between nickel fiber and polymer matrix of ABS as well as the uniformity of the composites. As a result, the mechanical strength and EMI shielding effectiveness of the composites increased accordingly, and the best SE (~45 dB) at a thickness of 250μm was reached in this work.

摘要 Ⅷ
Abstract Ⅸ
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2-1金屬絲的製備方法 3
2-2鎳絲的製備 5
2-2.1碳纖維電鍍鎳 5
2-2.2 PET纖維無電電鍍鎳 6
2-2.3氣相沉積法製備鎳鬚（nickel whiskers） 7
2-3以纖維為填充物的導電機制 8
2-3.1 Fiber Contact Model 8
2-3.2 Bauche Model 10
2-4電磁干擾屏蔽 11
2-4.1屏蔽原理 11
2-4.2電磁干擾屏蔽複材的設計 14
2-4.3以鎳絲為填充物的電磁干擾屏蔽複材 15
2-5研究方向 17
第三章 實驗 18
3-1試藥 18
3-2儀器與設備 18
3-3實驗方法與流程 19
3-3.1含鎳離子母液的配置 19
3-3.2不同濃度的SDS對鎳絲生成的影響 20
3-3.3不同反應溫度對鎳絲生成的影響 21
3-3.4 pH值對於鎳絲生成的影響 22
3-3.5磁場對於鎳絲生成的影響 22
3-3.6探討無電電鍍液的組成 24
3-3.7以球磨法比較不同製程條件下鎳絲的強度 25
3-3.8鎳絲/ABS薄膜的製程 26
3-3.9四點探針量測鎳絲/ABS薄膜的電阻 27
3-3.10量測鎳絲/ABS薄膜的EMI SE 28
3-3.11量測鎳絲/ABS薄膜的機械性質 28
第四章 結果與討論 30
4-1界面活性劑SDS對於鎳絲生成的影響 30
4-2反應溫度對於鎳絲生成的影響 33
4-3 pH對於鎳絲生成的影響 37
4-4磁場對於鎳絲生成的影響 41
4-5無電電鍍液的組成對於鎳絲生成的影響 43
4-6其它控制鎳絲直徑的參數 44
4-7鎳絲/ABS複材之EMI特性 48
4-7.1鎳絲直徑對EMI SE的影響 50
4-7.2鎳絲經熱處理後對EMI SE的影響 51
4-7.3鎳絲老化後對EMI SE的影響 54
4-7.4偶合劑對EMI SE的影響 55
4-7.5增加混鍊時葉片轉速對EMI SE的影響 56
4-7.6複材厚度對EMI SE的影響 60
4-8鎳絲/ABS複材之導電機制探討 61
4-9鎳絲/ABS複材微結構的觀察 62
第五章 結論 64
第六章 參考文獻 66

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