臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
神經突觸（synapse）是神經細胞之間訊號傳遞的主要橋樑，經由動作電位所造成的去極化使Ca2+進入前突觸而釋放神經傳導物質，之後由位於後突觸的受器接收反應。在哺乳類的中樞神經系統中，麩胺酸（glutamate）是一重要的興奮性神經傳導物質，其在神經興奮路徑中的傳達受器主要是NMDA receptor以及AMPA receptor。然而在神經細胞發育的初期，此兩種受器在突觸上的表現過程尚未清楚。在本研究中以取自發育18天胎鼠（E１８）的大腦皮質神經細胞加以培養作為模型系統，在不同培養時期，以電生理技術記錄由麩胺酸所引發的電流，並加以分析，希望明瞭該兩類受器的發生過程。結果發現在培養了一週（7DIV或8DIV）左右的E18神經細胞，所測得流入細胞暫態電流，主要是經由AMPA receptor，但也可觀察到有NMDA receptor共同參與。E18並不是使所取的神經細胞表現出NMDA receptor的關鍵所在，我們培養E17、E16的胎鼠大腦皮質神經細胞在7DIV也可觀察到NMDA receptor所引發的電流。而在E18的系統，我們可觀察到NMDA receptor表現的最早時間是在4DIV，顯示E18，7DIV的胎鼠大腦皮層神經細胞主要是AMPA receptor的表現，但NMDA receptor也已進入突觸而開始有所功能。
另外我們也觀察到有些2、3DIV的神經細胞雖然只有少量的sEPSCs（Spontaneous EPSCs），但已有頻繁的動作電位的發生，而此時的動作電位並非如7DIV之後的細胞，僅是由Glutamate receptor所引發，因為AMPA receptor的擷抗劑並無抑制作用。以上初步的結果，意味神經細胞發育過程中，神經訊息傳遞的方式可能有所變更，深入研究此一趣味十足的現象，將有助於了解神經系統的發育的過程。

目錄
壹 摘要…………………1
貳 緒論…………………2
參 材料與方法…………8
肆 結果…………………14
伍 討論…………………20
陸 參考文獻……………27
柒 圖……………………31

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