臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在本篇論文中，我們設計了一個適用於各種運動比賽的影片資料庫架構。這個架構包含了三種重要的資訊，分別是影片內涵所表達出來的資訊，與比賽相關的資訊，以及球員的個人基本資料，並且進一步利用 MPEG-7 Description Schemes (DSs) 來描述這些個別資訊以及它們彼此之間的關聯。我們採用了職業保齡球影片作為實做的應用範圍，而且設計了一個查詢介面，提供給使用者，讓使用者可以依照個人的喜好查詢各種與影片相關的資訊，方便使用者透過此介面與系統做溝通。例如使用者可以瀏覽某一場特定比賽的影片，或是查詢像是全倒、補全倒等特殊事件的影片片段，來學習保齡球技巧。由於用人工方式從影片中粹取這些特殊事件是浪費時間的，因此我們設計了一些方法來達成自動化處理，首先我們訂定了一個基本的視訊片段單位，稱為單球視訊片段（Ball clip）；所謂的單球視訊片段是用來紀錄運動員在保齡球比賽中擲出單球的情形。經由分析音訊及視訊資料，我們可以自動從單球視訊片段中擷取出三張重要的視訊格及分析該單球的結果。所謂三張重要的視訊格是指落地視訊格、球瓶視訊格以及結果視訊格，前兩張視訊格可以讓使用者得知球員擲球的落地進球點及撞擊球瓶的進球點情形，而結果視訊格則是讓使用者得知該球造成的剩餘球瓶狀況，這三張視訊格可以做為一個單球視訊片段的視訊摘要。最後我們提出的實驗證明所採用的這些方法是可行的。

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for modeling video sports games with the video content information, game-related information and player information. The MPEG-7 Description Schemes (DSs) are used to describe these types of information and the relationships among them. A bowling information system is implemented based on the proposed framework. With an interactive user interface, users can retrieve the information about the bowling games to learn the skills of bowling. The video content information is analyzed and automatically extracted. It includes interesting events such as strikes and spares, and the important frames representing the summarization of a ball releasing. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the automatic video content extraction.

Abstract.......................................................I
Acknowledgements..............................................II
Contents.....................................................III
List of Figures...............................................IV
List of Tables.................................................V
Chapter 1. Introduction........................................1
Chapter 2. Framework Overview..................................4
Chapter 3. The Bowling Information System......................7
3.1 System Modeling.................................7
3.1.1 Conceptual Information....................7
3.1.2 Modeling based on MPEG-7 Multimedia
Description Schemes.......................8
3.2 Querying and User Interface....................11
Chapter 4. Perceptual Feature Analysis........................14
4.1 Audio Feature Analysis.........................15
4.2 Visual Feature Analysis........................17
4.2.1 Pre-processing Steps.....................17
4.2.2 Determination of the Region of Interest..19
4.2.3 Detection of Strikes and Spares..........20
4.2.4 Detection of Interesting Events..........21
Chapter 5. Experiment Results.................................25
Chapter 6. Conclusion.........................................29
Appendix - Bowling Glossary ..................................30
Reference ....................................................31

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