臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

JPEG2000是靜態影像壓縮中一個最新的標準，目前JPEG2000第一階段為核心部分，已經公開成為國際標準。雖然它提供了其他標準中沒有提供的卓越特性，在它的影像處理演算法中仍然有尚未解決的技術瓶頸，特別是在新穎的嵌入式區塊編碼操作上。
在本篇論文中，針對嵌入式區塊最佳化切割編碼演算法，我們分析其硬體設計上可能的問題與所有可能加速的方法後，提出一個新的硬體架構。此架構可以平行處理以增加輸出資料量，跨越不需編碼位元欄的技巧亦在此架構中被採用，此技術可以跳躍到需要編碼之位元欄編碼，以節省所需之時鐘週期，除此之外，針對平行處理的架構提出相對應的記憶體切割與資料配置，將記憶體切割為九塊，使得資料可以共享並減少記憶體資料存取次數。四階段的管線話切割亦在此架構中被採用，能減低時鐘週期之時間，同時，由於內部有一內嵌的機率查詢表，每次編碼完可能需要更新，造成資料迴圈，我們將更新資料提前傳到下一個管線進行編碼，降低所需要時鐘週期數目。
本論文最大的貢獻在於提出一個能夠擁有高資料輸出率的架構，此結果可以在實驗數據觀察出來。此架構在50MHz的工作時脈，只需0.385秒去編碼一個2400x1800的影像，因此可以支援其他的應用，如Motion JPEG2000。
關鍵字：entropy encoder、EBCOT、JPEG2000、區塊編碼

The current state of JPEG 2000 Part 1 is an international standard. Although it provides unprecedented features not available in other standards, lots of the technical bottlenecks are still unsolved in its image processing algorithms, especially in the novel embedded block encoding operations.
In this thesis, bit-level we propose a new architecture for ECBOT. The architecture can perform parallel processing coding to increase the throughput of context formation. Column skipping can skip columns which have four no-operation bits. In addition, in the memory structure, we separate data and allocate into 9 memories. In the arithmetic encoder, a 4-stage pipeline is used to reduce the clock cycle time. Besides, a data-forward technique is used in 4-stage pipeline architecture to process two identical contexts continuously inputted.
The proposed architecture is shown to have high throughput. We have average 22% improvement in throughput by comparing [2]. It needs 0.385 second to encode an image with 2400x1800 image size. This design can support further applications such as Motion-JPEG2000.

Abstract I
Contents II
List of Figures III
List of Tables IV
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 JPEG and JPEG 2000 4
1.1.1 JPEG 5
1.1.2 JPEG 2000 6
1.2 JPEG 2000 Features 7
1.3 JPEG 2000 Performance 8
1.4 Motivation and Contents Outline 11
Chapter 2 EBCOT 13
2.1 Context Formation 14
2.2 Arithmetic Encoder 21
Chapter 3 Design Challenges and Parallelism 23
3.1 Design Challenges 23
Chapter 4 Proposed Architecture 28
4.1.1 4 Parallel Context generator 29
4.1.2 Column Skipping 30
4.1.3 Significance Memory Partition 31
Chapter 5 Experimental Results 35
5.1 Design Flow 35
5.2 Experimental Results 36
Chapter 6 Conclusions 38
Bibliography 39

[1] D. Taubman, “High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT,” Image Processing, ICIP 99. Proceedings. 1999 International Conference on, vol. 3, pp. 344-348, 1999.
[2] Ntu K. Chen, C. Lian, H. Chen, and L. Chen, “Analysis and Architecture Design of EBCOT for JPEG 2000,” ISCAS, 2001.
[3] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 N1646R, “JPEG 2000 Part I Final Committee Draft Version 1.0.”
[4] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 N1803, "JPEG2000 requirements and profilesversion 6.3."
[5] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 N1814, “An Analytical Study of JPEG 2000 Functionalities.”
[6] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 N1815, “An Analytical Study of JPEG 2000 Functionalities.”
[7] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 N1816, “An Analytical Study of JPEG 2000 Functionalities.”
[8] David Taubman, “High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT,” Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 9, issue 7, pp.1158 —1170, July 2000.
[9] D. Taubman, E. Ordentlich, I. Ueno, “Embedded Block Coding in JPEG 2000,” Proc. Of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Vancouver, Canada, Sep. 2000.
[10] David Salomon, “Data Compression: The complete Reference.” New York: Springer, 2000.
[11] Hhalid Sayood, Introduction to Data Compression. Second Edition. Morgan Kaufmann: 2000.
[12] David Taubman, “High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT,” Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 9, issue 7, pp.1158 —1170, July 2000.
[13] David Taubman, “JPEG2000 Image compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice,” Kluwer Academic, 2002.
[14] Image Power Inc., “Image Power Developing Ultra High Speed Blackbird JPEG 2000 Core,” VANCOUVER, British Columbia - April 18, 2001.
[15] J. Yoshida, “JPEG 2000 Wave Rises As ADI Shows Still Camera Accelerator,” EETimes.Com, May 11, 2001.