臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統的交/直流轉換器設計只考慮到輸出的電力品質是否達到負載的要求而忽略了其輸入側對其連接的電力系統所造成之諧波污染及功率因數。然而隨著愈來愈嚴格的電力品質要求，近十年來有非常多文獻探討如何讓交/直流轉換器降低諧波失真以達到高功率因數。針對高壓轉換器而言，多階磁滯電流控制器不失為一個良好的策略。但一般而言，文獻上常見的多階交/直流轉換器之磁滯電流控制器，其控制器之設計均靠直覺觀念以輸入的交流電壓值與輸出的直流電壓值比較，以決定控制器應選擇多階電壓中之較合適者。然而這樣的直覺策略並無正確理論基礎，因此會造成電流誤差無法完全控制在誤差邊帶內。為此本論文的目的即在針對多階交/直流轉換器前述理論缺陷提出一新型的多階磁滯電流控制器，以改善文獻上所提控制策略之缺點。
本論文一開始首先簡單介紹中性點箝制型（Neutral-Point-Clamp；NPC）交/直流轉換器的工作原理及最近數篇相關文獻的控制策略，並經由模擬分析以指出其缺點。其次更提出一基於電流誤差導數觀念之新型多階磁滯電流控制策略以修正現有文獻之理論缺陷。為保持磁滯控制器之容易實現之優點，本論文隨後提出一新型三磁滯控制器以實現該新型控制策略；最後並實際製作一硬體電路雛型以驗證本文所提之新型磁滯電流控制器的可行性。

Traditionally, only the output power quality specification is emphasized. Not much attention was paid to the harmonic pollution and power factor at the input AC line. However, with the increasingly rigid power quality requirement, more and more researches are devoted to the harmonic reduction and power factor correction in recent decade. As far as high voltage AC/DC converters are concerned, a multi-level hysteresis current controller is indeed a nice strategy to solve the about problem. However, existing multi-level hysteresis current controllers were designed based on an intuitive idea to choose a proper one among many voltage levels for the controllers. As a result, the resulting current errors may be outside the error bounds for some time period. In view of these, a novel multi-level hysteresis current control strategy is proposed based on the current error derivatives to improve the drawback of the existing methods.
In this thesis, first, a neutral-point-clamped (NPC) AC/DC converter configuration is chosen and some related control strategies proposed recently are roughly reviewed as starting background. The corresponding theoretical defect is also pointed out and demonstrated by simulation. Then, a novel multi-level hysteresis current control strategy is proposed with sound theoretical basis to correct the above drawbacks. In order to keep the merit of easy implementation of hysteresis current controllers, an approximate three-level hystersis current controller implementation is also proposed to avoid calculating the complex current error derivatives. Finally, a prototype is constructed and some experimental results are presented for verifying the feasibility of the proposed controller.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 本論文之貢獻 4
1.4 本論文之內容概述 5
第二章 多階交/直流轉換器之架構與工作原理 6
2.1 前言 6
2.2 NPC交/直流轉換器之工作原理 6
2.3 現有文獻所提之磁滯控制器簡介。 19
2.4 模擬與分析 25
第三章 新型多階磁滯控制器 31
3-1 前言 31
3-2 新型多階磁滯控制策略 31
3.3 NPC轉換器之三階磁滯電流控制器實現法 42
3.4 中性點箝制型轉換器之參數設計 51
第四章 實體電路製作與量測結果 63
4.1 前言 63
4.2 以三階磁滯電流控制器實現新型控制器時
之模擬結果 63
4.3 實體電路製作 68
4.3.1 電力電路 69
4.3.2 控制電路 70
4.4 實測結果 79
第五章 結論 86
參考文獻 88
附錄A. PALCE16V8H內部程式 94

[1] A. Nabae, I. Takahashi, and H. Akagi,“ A new neutral-point-clamped PWM inverter,” IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 17, pp. 518-523, 1981.
[2] 王智麟,王俊傑, “以DSP為基礎三階變頻器之研製,”電機月刊第十卷第一期,pp166-179,Feb.2000
[3] M. T. Zhang, Yimin Jiang, F. C. Lee, and M. M. Jovanovic, “ Single-phase three-level boost power factor correction converter, ” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, vol.1, pp. 434-439, 1995.
[4] B. R. Lin and H. H. Lu, “ Single-phase power-factor- correction AC/DC converters with three PWM control schemes, ” IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 36 , pp. 189 -200 , Jan. 2000
[5] B. R. Lin, H. H. Lu, and S. C. Tsay, “ Control technique for high power factor multilevel rectifier, ” IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 37, pp. 226-241, Jan 2001.
[6] G. H. Bode and D. G. Holmes, “Implementation of three level hysteresis current control for a single phase voltage source inverter, ” Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC 00. IEEE 31st Annual, vol. 1, pp.33 —38, 2000.
[7] B. R. Lin, “Analysis and implementation of a three-level PWM rectifier/inverter,” IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , vol. 36, Issue: 3, Part: 1, pp.948 —956, July 2000.
[8] C. T. Pan and T. Y. Chang, “An improved hysteresis current controller for reducing switching frequency,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronic , vol.9, pp.97-104, Jan. 1994.
[9] B. H. Kwon, T. W. Kim, and J. H. Youn, “A novel SVM-based hysteresis current controller,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronic, vol. 13, pp.297-307, Mar. 1998.
[10] T. Kato and K. Miyao, “Modified hysteresis control with minor loops for single-phase full-bridge inverters,” Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, Conference Record of the 1988 IEEE, vol.1, pp.689 -693, 1988.
[11] B. K. Bose, “An adaptive hysteresis-band current control technique of a voltage-fed PWM inverter for machine drive system,” IEEE Trans.on Ind. Electronic vol. 37, pp.402-408, Oct. 1990.
[12] T. W. Chun and M. K. Choi, “Development of adaptive hysteresis band current control strategy of PWM inverter with constant switching frequency,” IEEE APEC’96, San Jose, CA, , pp.194-199, 1996.
[13] 林伯仁,洪宗良,盧信宏, “ 全橋串聯式多階整流器，” 中華民國第二十二屆電力工程研討會論文集II, pp.975-978,2001.
[14] B. R. Lin and Y. L. Hou, “ Single-phase integrated power quality compensator based on capacitor-clamped configuration, ” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 49, pp. 173-185, 2002.
[15] G. J. Su and T. Ohno, “ A new topology for single phase UPS systems, ” Power Conversion Conference - Nagaoka, vol. 2 , pp. 913 -918 , Feb 1997.
[16] G. J. Su and T. Ohno, “ A new topology for single phase UPS systems, ” Power Conversion Conference - Nagaoka, vol.2 , pp. 913 —918, Feb 1997
[17] G. J. Su, “Design and analysis of a low cost, high performance single phase UPS system, ” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, IEEE APEC 01, vol.2, pp. 900 —906, Feb 2001
[18] B. R. Lin, Y. P. Chien, and H. H. Lu, “ Multilevel inverter with series connection of H-bridge cells, ” IEEE Proc. on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, vol. 2, pp. 859-864, 1999.
[19] B. R. Lin and H. H. Lu, “ Single-phase three-level PWM rectifier, ” IEEE Proc. on Power Electronics and Drive Systems , vol. 1, pp. 63-68, 1999.
[20] B. R. Lin and H. H. Lu, “ A novel multilevel PWM control scheme of the AC/DC/AC converter for AC drives, ” IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, vol.2 , pp. 795-800 , 1999.
[21] B. R. Lin and H. H. Lu, “ New multilevel rectifier based on series connection of H-bridge cell, ” IEE Proc. on Electronic Power Applications, vol. 147, pp.304-312, July 2000.
[22] K. A. Corzine, “ A hysteresis current-regulated control for multi-level drives, ” IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, vol. 15, pp. 169-175, June 2000.
[23] M. Lafoz, I. J. Iglesias, C. Veganzones, and M. Visiers, “ A novel double hysteresis-band current control for a three-level voltage source inverter, ” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vol. 1 , pp. 21-26 , 2000.
[24] L. Malesani and P. Tenti, “A novel hysteresis control method for current-controlled voltage-source PWM inverters with constant modulation frequency,”IEEE Tran. On Ind. Applicat. vol.26, no.1,pp.88-92, Jan./Feb.1990.
[25] M. D. Manjrekar and T. A. Lipo, “A hybrid multilevel inverter topology for drive applications, ” Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, vol. 2, pp. 523-529, 1998.
[26] H. Y. Wu and X. N. He, “ Research on PWM control of a cascade multilevel converter, ” IEEE Proc. on Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, The Third International, vol. 3, pp. 1099-1103, 2000.
[27] R.Wu, S. Dewan, and G. Slemon, “ A PWM AC-to-DC converter with fixed switching frequency,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications,vol.26 ,no.5 , pp.880-885,1990
[28] M. Marchesoni, “ High-performance current control techniques for application to multilevel high-power voltage source inverters, ” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 7, pp. 189-204, Jan. 1992.
[29] G. H. Bode, D. N. Zmood, P. C. Loh, and D. G. Holmes, “ A novel hysteresis current controller for multilevel single phase voltage source inverters, ” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vol. 4, pp.1845-4850, 2001.
[30] G. H. Bode and D. G. Holmes, “ Implementation of three level hysteresis current control for a single phase voltage source inverter, ” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vol. 1, pp.33-38, 2000.
[31] H. S. Jae, H. C. Chang, and S. H. Dong, “ A new simplified space-vector PWM method for three-level inverters,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 16, pp. 545 —550. July 2001
[32] A.M.A. Amin, “ A multilevel advanced static VAr compensator with current hysteresis control, ” IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, vol. 2, pp. 837-842, 1999.
[33] T. Ishida, K. Matsuse, K. Sugita, Lipei Huang, and K. Sasagawa, “ DC voltage control strategy for a five-level converter, ” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 15, pp. 508-515, May 2000.
[34] M. Ohshima and E. Masada, “ The P,Q controllable domain of a single phase PWM converter to preserve sinusoidal ac current waveform,” IEEE Tran. on Power Electron. vol.15, no3,pp.485-494,May 2000.
[35] 高進發, “新型單相電源轉換系統控制策略之研製,”清華大學碩士論文,民國八十九年七月
[36] V. N. Shet and V. P. Sundarsingh, “ A novel power factor correction in phase controlled rectifier,” Harmonics and Quality of Power, 2000. Proceedings. Ninth International Conference.vol.2, pp. 560-564,Feb.2000.
[37] M. P. Kazimerkowski and L. Malesani, “ Current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source PWM converters: a survey,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron. vol.45, oo.691-703,Oct.1998.
[38] P. Enjeti, P. D. Ziogas, J. F. Lindsay, and M. H. Rashid, “A novel current controlled PWM inverter for variable speed AC drives,” in Conf. Rec. IEEE-IAS Annu.Meeting,Denver, CO, 1986, pp.235-243.
[39] R. D. Lorenz and D. B. Lawson, “Performance of feedforward current regulators for field oriented induction machine controllers,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat. vol.IA-23, pp.597-602, July/Aug.1987.
[40] C. Andrieux and M. Lajoie-Mazenc, “Analysis of different current control systems for inverter-fed synchronous machine,” in Proc. EPE Conf., Brussels, Belgium, pp.2.159-2.165,1985.
[41] 吳朝成,楊宗銘, “具軟式切換之單相功因修正器的研製,” 中華民國第二十二屆電力工程研討會論文集II, pp.884-888,2000.
[42] 陳野正仁,陳柏元, “結合功因修正電路之切換式整流器之研究,” 中華民國第二十二屆電力工程研討會論文集II, pp.942-946,2000.
[43] 馮雅聰,鄒應嶼, “DSP控制快速響應單相功率因數修正器,” 中華民國第二十二屆電力工程研討會論文集II, pp.943-948,2001.