臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要合成兩種高分子，並探討其對鈦酸鋇漿體的分散效果，並和商用分散劑聚甲基丙烯酸銨鹽(PMAAN)做比較。
首先合成兩種高分子，一為α-(N,N-二甲基-N-(3-(β-羧基)丙烯氨)丙基)/丙烯醯胺共聚物(PDAE)，一為4羧基氨基-4酮基-2-丁烯酸/丙烯醯胺共聚物(PCOB)。PDAE係以β-羧基-N-(3-二甲基氨丙基)丙烯醯胺和氯醋酸鈉反應生成β-羧基-N-(3-二甲基氨丙基-N-乙酸鈉)丙烯醯胺單體，再與丙烯醯胺經自由基反應而得。PCOB係以馬來酸酐和氨基甲酸銨鹽反應生成4羧基氨基-4酮基-2-丁烯酸銨鹽單體，再與丙烯醯胺經自由基反應而得。合成之PDAE與PCOB均以H1-NMR與IR確認其結構。
其次，以黏度法、沉降法、粒子之粒徑分佈、表面電位量測及掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)來評估各分散劑的分散效果。結果顯示PDAE、 PCOB比PMAAN可以更有效地分散漿體中鈦酸鋇粒子，同時漿體中鋇離子的溶出量明顯較少，主要的原因是PDAE、 PCOB有較多吸附於鈦酸鋇粉體表面，得以吸附/結合較多的鋇離子。添加PDAE或PCOB的鈦酸鋇漿體製成的生胚有較大的密度，而燒結後之胚體，其介電常數值較高，介電損失較低，及燒結胚體密度也較大；顯示PDAE與PCOB兩者對鈦酸鋇粉末的分散性能優於PMAAN。

This study has prepared two polymers and evaluated their dispersion properties on BaTiO3 slurries. The results were compared to those by a commercial dispersant, i.e., ammonium salt of polymethylacrylic acid (PMAAN).
First, two polymers have been made. One is poly(α-(N,N-dimethyl- N- (3-(β-carboxylate)acrylamino)propyl)ammonium ethanate-acrylamide) (PDAE), which was prepared from β-carboxylate-N-(3-dimethylamino propyl -N-acryloxyethyl) acrylamide and acrylamide through a free
radical copolymerization. β-carboxylate-N-(3-dimethylamino propyl —N -acryloxyethyl)acrylamide was made by reacting β-carboxylate -N- (3- dimethylaminopropyl) acrylamide with sodium chloroacetate. Another is poly(4-carboxyamino-4-oxo-2-butene) acrylamide (PCOB), which was prepared from 4-carboxyamino-4-oxo-2-butene and acrylamide through a free radical copolymerization. 4-carboxyamino-4-oxo-2-butene was made by reacting maleic anhydride with ammonium carbamate. The chemical structures of PDAE and PCOB have been identified and confirmed by their H1-NMR and IR spectra.
Second, the dispersion properties of each dispersant have been evalu- ated by the viscosity, sedimentation height, particle size distribution, and zeta potential, and through SEM observations. The results indicate that both PDAE and PCOB show better dispersion effects on the BaTiO3 pow- der in aqueous slurries than PMAAN. They also causes less Ba2+ ions to be dissolved into solutions, for greater amount of either PDAE or PCOB adsorbed on BaTiO3 particles and more Ba2+ ions also adsorbed. The resulting green parts with either PDAE or PCOB show greater density, and the sintered parts have higher dielectric constant, lower dielectric loss, and greater density. Thus, both PDAE and PCOB exhibit better dispersion properties than PMAAN.

第一章 緒論-----------------------------------------------------------------------1
第二章 文獻回顧-----------------------------------------------------------------3
2-1 鈦酸鋇合成法與電性特性----------------------------------------------3
2-1-1鈦酸鋇粉末的合成----------------------------------------------------3
2-1-2 添加物對鈦酸鋇電性的影響---------------------------------------4
2-2 分散原理-------------------------------------------------------------------8
2-2-1 粒子之特性------------------------------------------------------------8
2-2-2 粒子間的作用力------------------------------------------------------8
2-2-3 分散機構-------------------------------------------------------------10
2-3 界面活性劑的種類與用途--------------------------------------------14
2-3-1 界面活性劑的種類-------------------------------------------------14
2-3-2 高分子界面活性劑的用途----------------------------------------15
2-4 分散效果之評估法----------------------------------------------------16
2-4-1 分散系統之流變性質----------------------------------------------16
2-4-2 沉降法----------------------------------------------------------------18
第三章 分散劑的合成與鑑定------------------------------------------------20
3-1 前言-----------------------------------------------------------------------20
3-2 高分子之合成-----------------------------------------------------------20
3-2-1 藥品與儀器設備----------------------------------------------------20
3-2-2 實驗步驟-------------------------------------------------------------22
3-3 分子量的評估-----------------------------------------------------------26
3-4 高分子固含量的量測--------------------------------------------------27
3-5 結果與討論--------------------------------------------------------------28
3-5-1 高分子結構鑑定----------------------------------------------------28
3-5-2 分子量的量測-------------------------------------------------------30
3-5-3 固含量的量測-------------------------------------------------------30
第四章 鈦酸鋇粒子分散行為之測試---------------------------------------39
4-1 前言----------------------------------------------------------------------39
4-2 實驗評估----------------------------------------------------------------39
4-2-1 藥品與儀器設備----------------------------------------------------39
4-2-2 實驗材料-------------------------------------------------------------40
4-3 實驗製程----------------------------------------------------------------41
4-3-1 漿料混合-------------------------------------------------------------41
4-3-2 燒結-------------------------------------------------------------------41
4-4性質分析------------------------------------------------------------------45
4-4-1 沉降高度-------------------------------------------------------------45
4-4-2 粒徑分佈-------------------------------------------------------------45
4-4-3 黏度-------------------------------------------------------------------45
4-4-4 表面電位-------------------------------------------------------------45
4-4-5 鋇離子溶出量-------------------------------------------------------46
4-4-6 胚體密度-------------------------------------------------------------46
4-4-7 介電常數與介電損失----------------------------------------------47
4-4-8 微結構------------------------------------------------------------48
第五章 鈦酸鋇粒子分散行為結果與討論--------------------------------49
5-1 pH值的影響----------------------------------------------------------49
5-1-1 pH值對鈦酸鋇粉末的影響--------------------------------------49
5-1-2 pH值對高分子助劑的影響--------------------------------------50
5-2 粒子分散特性--------------------------------------------------------53
5-2-1 粒徑分佈------------------------------------------------------------53
5-2-2 沉降高度------------------------------------------------------------57
5-2-3 微結構---------------------------------------------------------------62
5-3 流變性質--------------------------------------------------------------66
5-4 表面電位--------------------------------------------------------------70
5-5 鋇離子溶出量--------------------------------------------------------75
5-6 燒結密度--------------------------------------------------------------77
5-7 介電常數與介電損失-----------------------------------------------79
5-8 微結構-----------------------------------------------------------------83
第六章 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------86
參考資料--------------------------------------------------------------------------88

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