臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本文主要目的是以可靠度分析既有鋼筋混凝土結構的腐蝕損傷程度，透過失效機率的計算作為評估結構受損可能性的依據。研究首先針對位於港口而長期遭受氯離子侵蝕的鋼筋混凝土碼頭，提出以機率統計學中的Poisson分佈來描述氯離子侵蝕混凝土深度的概念，並結合Fick’s第二定律的擴散理論，以近似方法計算受腐蝕結構的失效機率。再者對於受到混凝土碳化、氯離子侵蝕、硫酸鹽入侵與載重失效等破壞模式同時作用下的鋼筋混凝土橋樑基樁構件，本文除了詳盡闡述腐蝕破壞的機理外，也引入了系統整體失效的概念，提出結構整體失效機率的計算理論。研究結果顯示：（1）Poisson分佈結合Fick’s第二定律預測既有鋼筋混凝土碼頭的損傷機率，除使用方便外，其預測結果比應用線性無偏結合極值分佈預測的結果較為保守，有利於結構現況的評估。（2）採用結構系統失效機率方法評估橋樑基樁遭受碳化、鹽害、硫害及載重等同時聯合作用之失效機率，除計算簡便外，該法也具有可行性及可靠性。
關鍵字：腐蝕損傷、氯離子、失效機率、系統可靠度

ABSTRACT
In this study, the reliability analysis was used to predict the damage state of existing reinforced concrete structures. The calculation of failure probability was on the basis of evaluating structures damage due to external factors and material properties. First, the existing reinforced concrete wharf located at harbor and subjected to chloride ions ingress for a long time was to predict the failure probability by using the combination of Poisson’s distribution and Fick’s second law in diffusion. Second, the reinforced concrete bridge pile underlaid amongst carbonation, chlorination, sulfate attack and loading failure was investigated to predict the structural system joint failure probability. The present results indicate as follows: (1) The combination of Poisson’s distribution and Fick’s second law in diffusion was to predict the failure probability of existing reinforced concrete wharf. It is not only used easily but also more conservative than that of the combination of linearly unbiased estimation and extreme value distribution. (2) The structural system joint failure probability was adopted to evaluate the failure probability of the existing reinforced concrete bridge pile subjected to carbonation, chlorination sulfate attack and load at the same time. Besides convenient calculation, this method is of feasibility and reliability.
Keywords: corrosion damage, chloride ions, failure probability, system reliability

目錄
頁次
中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
表目錄 Ⅴ
圖目錄 Ⅷ
符號說明 Ⅹ
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法 2
1.4 研究內容 3
第二章 可靠度分析既有鋼筋混凝土碼頭遭受氯離子
侵蝕作用下的損傷情況
2.1 前言 4
2.2 理論基礎
2.2.1結構可靠度耐久性、極限狀態系統的定義與
可靠度計算 7
2.2.2氯離子侵蝕現象的Poisson分佈 9
2.2.3氯離子侵蝕現象Poisson分佈與其他分佈之關係 12
2.2.4 Poisson分佈結合 第二定理 15
2.3 實例應用
2.3.1氯離子侵蝕深度的量測 16
2.3.2氯離子侵蝕失效實例計算 17
2.4 結果分析與討論 18
2.5 結論 20
第三章 可靠度分析既有鋼筋混凝土橋樑基樁腐蝕之研究
3.1 前言 22
3.2 基樁的主要腐蝕失效模式
3.2.1碳化作用誘發混凝土均勻腐蝕 23
3.2.2氯離子侵蝕引起的鋼筋局部腐蝕 24
3.2.3土壤內硫酸鹽與硫酸溶液引致基樁腐蝕之化學機制 25
3.3 結構系統可靠度評估 29
3.4 範例應用 33
3.5 結果討論 36
3.6 結論 38
第四章 結論與建議
4.1 結論 39
4.2 建議 40
參考文獻 72

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