臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，因為數位電路訊號頻率不斷的增加，因此電磁干擾、及訊號完整性問題，漸漸受到重視。在本篇論文中，我們使用時域有限差分法來模擬這些現象。
在使用時域有限法的計算過程中，若要計算離物體較遠的電磁場值，我們利用在模擬空間中取一封閉面，計算封閉面上的表面電流、表面磁流，然後代入公式，就可以得到封閉面外的電磁場值。
在本論文中，我們首先探討接地面開槽的微帶線所產生的效應，結果顯示，開槽所產生的幅射量明顯比未開槽增加許多。為了減少這些幅射量，我們試著在開槽上加一電容器，觀察 以及幅射場，可以發現，在開槽上加一電容器的確改善了這個效應。最後我們模擬多層電路板訊號完整性問題。結果顯示，穿孔經過電源層以及接地層會將雜訊攜帶至訊號線，減少雜訊的方法例如，在穿孔附近加一電容與使用差動線。

In recent years, signal frequency in digital circuits increases constantly. For this reason, electromagnetic interference and signal integrity problems are more important now. In this thesis, we simulate some phenomena using FDTD.
If the electromagnetic field far away from the object is required, we can select a close surface inside the FDTD simulation region and computing surface electric current and surface magnetic current on the close surface, from which electromagnetic field can be calculated at any place.
In this work, we investigate the emission from split ground plane structures. The results show that the radiated emission increases as compared to that without a slot in the ground plane. In order to suppress the radiated emission, we try to place a capacitor across the slot. The S prameter and far field show that the radiated emission is reduced when a bypass capacitor is placed across the slot. Finally, we study the signal integrity problem in multilayer PCB. The results show that the transition via between the power and ground planes picks up the power/ground noise. Noise suppression can be achieved by adding a capacitor near the via or using differential lines.

目 錄
第一章 緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
1-1 研究動機．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
1-2 文獻回顧．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
1-3 內容概要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2
第二章 基本理論分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3
2-1 FDTD演算法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
2-2 穩定法則與準確度．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6
2-3 激發源．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7
2-4 完全吸收層的理論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9
2-4.1 簡介．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 9
2-4.2 吸收層區域的電磁場量計算方法．．．．．．．．10
2-4.3 吸收層的介質定義．．．．．．．．．．．．．．12
2-5 由等效電磁流求電磁場量．．．．．．．．．．．．．14
2-6 時域有限差分法於電路元件上的模擬．．．．．．．．15
2-6.1 電阻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．15
2-6.2 電容．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16
2-6.3 電感．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．17
2-7 時域有限差分法模擬S參數．．．．．．．．．．．．．18
第三章 各項技術之模擬與程式化過程．．．．．．．．．．．．24
3-1 由等效電磁流求解電磁場量程式化過程．．．．．．．．24
3-1.1 簡介．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．24
3-1.2 公式推導．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．24
3-1.3 計算流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．29
3-2 模擬電路板結構的方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．30
3-3 程式模擬完整流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．30
第四章 模擬結果與分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．35
4-1 簡介．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．35
4-2 模擬偶極天線．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．35
4-3 模擬接地面開槽的微帶線．．．．．．．．．．．．．．36
4-3.1 簡介．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 36
4-3.2 阻抗匹配時的開槽微帶線．．．．．．．．．．．36
4-3.3 接收端為開路的開槽微帶線．．．．．．．．．．38
4-3.4 多層電路板訊號完整性模．．．．．．．．．．．39
第五章 結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．60

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