臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

船舶電力系統為一獨立運轉系統，穩定度的要求較岸電為高。由於船舶電力系統負載變動頻繁，發電機組必須隨負載變化快速反應、穩定運轉。裝設正確的可調變靜態虛功率補償器可改善電力系統的電機振盪阻尼。蓄電池儲能系統能夠同時提供實功率與虛功率來改善電力系統運轉與控制。
本論文主要目的在於探討船舶電力系統的穩定度，內容著重在分析靜態虛功率補償器與蓄電池儲能系統對船舶電力系統動態行為的影響。所探討的對象為一實例船舶電力系統，藉由模擬發電機受擾動時之系統響應來驗證蓄電池儲能系統與靜態虛功率補償器能成為船舶電力系統之重要補償來源。

The shipboard electric power system is an independent system of which the required reliability is higher than that of the seashore power system. Because of the frequent load variation, the generating unit shall have fast and stable response. Equipped with properly tuned additional Static Var Compensator will improve the damping of electromechanical oscillations in power system. Battery Energy storage system can provide simultaneously control of both its active and reactive power to improve power system operation and control.
The main purpose of this thesis is to study the stability of the shipboard electric power system on analyzing the effect of the Static Var Compensator and Battery Energy Storage System on overall system dynamic behaviors. A sample shipboard electric power system is taken as the study system. Based on the results analyzed and verified from the time-domain simulations, this paper shows that Battery Energy Storage System and Static Var Compensator can offer an important resource for improving shipboard electric power system operation.

目 錄
第一章 緒論
1-1 研究動機與背景 1
1-2 研究目的 3
1-3 模擬軟體介紹 EUROSTAG 5
1-4 論文內容概述 7
第二章 船舶電力系統
2-1 前言 8
2-2 與岸電系統的差異 9
2-3 船舶電力系統的組成 11
2-4 船舶電力系統的類型 14
2-5 電力系統穩定度 18
2-6 定態穩定度 19
2-7 暫態穩定度 20
2-8 小信號穩定度 21
第三章 靜態虛功率補償器與蓄電池儲能系統
3-1 前言 23
3-2 靜態虛功率補償器概述 24
3-3 靜態虛功率補償器特性與工作原理 26
3-4 蓄電池儲能系統之優點 29
3-5 蓄電池儲能系統之架構 31
3-6 蓄電池儲能系統功能 33
3-7 蓄電池儲能系統等效模型 35
3-8 蓄電池儲能系統之動態模型 38
第四章 實例探討
4-1 系統簡介 41
4-2 問題描述 46
4-3 小信號時域響應 55
4-4 暫態時域響應 68
4-5 調整靜態虛功率補償器 85
第五章 結論
5-1 本文研究結果 86
5-2 未來研究方向 89
參考文獻 90
附錄 95

參考文獻
[1] P. M. Anderson and A. A. Fouad, Power System Control and Stability, IEEE Press, 1994.
[2] Y. N. Yu, Electric Power System Dynamics, Academic Press, 1993.
[3] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
[4] A. R. Bergen, Power System Analysis, Prentice Hall, 1986.
[5] D. Gray, “Marine electrical installations,” IEE Proceedings, Vo1. 125, No. 11R, pp. 1177-1194, 1978.
[6] D. Gray, “Marine electrical system in the last twenty years,” Marine Engineering Review, pp. 5-7, Jan. 1979.
[7] P. D. W. Smith, Modern Marine Electricity and Electronics, Cornell Maritime Press, 1983.
[8] G. O. Watson, Marine Electrical Practice, Butterworths, 1990.
[9] H. D. McGeorge, Marine Electrical Equipment and Practice, Newnes, 1993.
[10] K. Jeffrey, Independent Energy Guide, Orwell Cove Press, 1995.
[11] W. C. Lin, et. al., “A use-case approach for marine power system design,” Proceeding of the 18th Symposium on Electrical Power System Engineering, pp. 834-838, 1997.
[12] 林偉成，船舶電力系統之動態響應分析，成功大學電機工程研究所博士論文，民國76年6月。
[13] 李永忠，船上電學，幼獅文化事業公司，1994。
[14] 李永忠，船用電機及設備(第三版)，中央圖書出版社，1995。
[15] 梁成汝，船舶電氣工程學，中央圖書出版社，1981。
[16] 孫詩南，船舶電力系統的研究與設計，國防工業出版社，1990。
[17] 陳生平，國內船用發電機及電動馬達供需現況分析，船用電力設備專題研究，聯合船舶設計發展中心，1995。
[18] 聯合船舶設計發展中心，巨型遊艇機電系統整合研究，經濟部87年度科技研究發展專案，聯合船舶設計發展中心，1998。
[19] 維列捷尼柯夫，船舶電力系統暫態過程研究的理論與方法，國防工業出版社，1984。
[20] T. J. E. Miller, Reactive Power Control in Electric System, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1982.
[21] 台灣海洋大學，海研二號運轉手冊，1993。
[22] CIGRE WG 38-01, “Static Var Compensators,” CIGRE, PARIS, 1986.
[23] A. E. Hammed, M. P. Hausler, P. A. Enstedt, and B. Roesle, “Static Var for Maximizing Power Transfer and Stabilization of HVAC Interconnections,” IEEE/CSEE Conference on High Voltage Transmission Systems in China, Beijing, October pp. 17-22, 1987.
[24] A. E. Hammed, “Applications of Static Var Compensators in Utility Power Systems,” Application of Static Var System for System Dynamic Performance, IEEE 87TH0187-5-PWR, pp. 28-35, 1987.
[25] L. Gyugyi, R. A. Otto, and T. H. Putman, “Principles and Applications of Static Thyristor-controlled Shunt Compensators,” IEEE Transactions on Power Appartus and Systems, Vol. PAS-97, No. 5, pp 1935-1945, September/October, 1978.
[26] N. B. Bhatt, A. G. DeGroff, and M. Heyeck, ”Benefies of excitation control system testing at AEP’S ROCKPORT plant,” IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 21-28, 1991.
[27] Eurostag Tutorial, Tractebel and Electricite de France, 1996.
[28] Eurostag User Manual, Tractebel and Electricite de France, 1996.
[29] L. Gyugyi, “Fundamentals of Thyristor-controlled Static Var Compensators in Electric Power System Appliccatrions,” Application of Static Var Systems for System Dynamic Performance, IEEE 87TH0187-5-PWR, pp. 8-27, 1987.
[30] L. Gyugyi, E. R. Taylor, “Charateristics of Static Thyristor-Controlled Shunt Compensators for Power Transmission System Application,” IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. Pas-99, No. 5 September/October, pp. 1795-1804, 1983.
[31] J. L. DelMonaco, P. A. Lewis, H. T. Roman, and J. Zemkoski, “Advanced Batteries for Load leveling: The Utility Perspective on System Integration,”IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. 101, No. 9, pp. 3315-3321, 1982.
[32] 吳啟瑞、郭宗益、顏世雄、張偉能、莊永松、張志忠、李兆惠、雷蔚翹、張連芳，電壓閃爍對通宵電廠發電機動態穩定度之影響及改善方法，台灣電力公司八十七年度研究計劃完成報告，民國88年6月。
[33] D. W. Sobieski, M. P. Bhavaraju, “An Economic Assessment of Battery Storage in Electric Utility Systems,” IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. 104, No. 12, pp. 3453-3459, 1985.
[34] B. C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, Prentice Hall, 1995.
[35] G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell and A. Emami-Naeini, Feedback of Dynamic Systems, Addison Wesley, 1991.
[36] 陳鴻誠、洪清寶，自動控制，文京圖書公司，民國87年6月。
[37] 方俊成，工業及船舶電力系統動態分析，台灣海洋大學碩士論文，民國87年6月。
[38] 方俊程、黃培華、林偉成、李文輝、陳建池、陳蒼松、王冠群，“船舶電力系統負載分析”，第十九屆電力工程研討會論文集，pp. 994-997，1998。
[39] 方俊程、黃培華、林偉成、林文鏘，“船舶電力系統動態分析”，第二十屆電力工程研討會論文集，vol. 2，pp. 1387-1391，1999。
[40] P. H. Huang and Y. Y. Hsu, “An output feedback controller for a synchronous generator,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 26, No. 2 , Mar. 1990.
[41] 張忠良、劉阿興、劉傳聖、柯重光、陳永田、黃江滄，台電系統低頻振盪暫現象之實測與改善，經濟部，民國83年。
[42] P. Kunder, M Klein, and G. J. Rogers, “Application of power system stabilizers for enhancement of overall system stability,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 4, No. 2, May 1989.
[43] EPRI, Load Modeling for Power Flow and Transient Stability Computer Studies, EL-5003(Vol. 2), 1987.
[44] Ta-Peng Tsao, Shi-Lin Chen, Ching-Lien Huang, and Wei-Cheng Lin, “Dynamic response analysis of marine power system,” IEE Proceedings, Vol. 135, Pt. C, No. 1, January 1988.
[45] 呂俊鋒、劉群章、吳啟瑞，”蓄電池儲能系統動態模型與在電力系統穩定度之應用”，台灣大學博士論文，民國八十四年六月。
[46] 繆全昌，”蓄電池儲能實驗系統規劃設計之研究”，台電工程月刊，pp. 68-77，第545期。
[47] E. W. Kimbark, Direct current transmission, Vol. 1, The John Wiley & Sons, U.S.A., 1971.
[48] 林文鏘，船舶電力系統穩定度分析，海洋大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國90年6月。
[49] S. W. Eckroad, D. D. Dodds and W. J. Stolte, “Design and Costs for a Generic 10-MW Utility Lead-Acid Battery Energy Storage Plant”, EPRI Report Ap-5845, June, 1988.
[50] A.Pivec, B. M. Radimer, and E.A. Hyman, “Unility Operation of Battery Energy Storage at The BEST Facility”, IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, Vol. 1, No.3, pp. 47-54, 1982.