臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於半個世紀來高頻微波元件的發展，諸多高頻率高功率微波源也應運而生。而其中尤以電子迴旋管為近代研究重心的首選。
電子迴旋管採用會切位形結構的磁場及大軌道迴旋運動機制，此種磁場的作用在使原本直線加速的高能電子束轉而迴旋運動，並儘量貼近導波管的管壁與高次諧波產生能量共振交互作用，其優點是磁場大小可與第N次諧波成反比，可使得迴旋管尺寸相對的縮小，且迴旋電子能量與迴旋半徑成正比，於大軌道機制下提高了相對論效應使負質量不穩定現象增強，其將更有利於高頻微波的能量轉換與輻射。
本文從基礎之物理原理開始，藉由數值模擬來討論單一電子的動力機制，以瞭解電子空間上軌跡的變化。模擬方法為採用四階阮奇庫打法來處理圓柱座標系統下之電子動力方程式(描述速度及位置的六個一階微分方程組)。待建立電腦數值模擬的模型後，將改變各項環境初始條件並歸納討論之。

Because of the fast rapid development of high-frequency microwave devices in the past half century, lots of high-frequency and high-power microwave power tubes were generated. Especially Gyrotrons, on which much study has been focused in recent years.
Gyrotrons utilizes the cusp-magnetic field and large-orbit axis-encircling motion. This kind of magnetic field turns the motion of high-energy axis-accelerating electron beams into an axis-encircling one and makes it closer to the wall of the wave guide for better energy resonance interaction with the high-order harmonic waves.
The advantages are a) the magnitude of magnetic field is inversely proportional to the N harmonic wave, b) size reduction of gyrotron, c) the energy of electron beams is directly proportional to the radius of the electron and d) enlarged moving path increases the relativistic effect to make the unstable effect of negative mass for better transition and radiation of high-frequency microwave.
On the basis of basic physical principles, the dynamic mechanism of a single electron was studied in this thesis to understand the changes of electron trajectories by numerical simulation. The Runge-Kutta method was used to resolve these dynamic equations (six first-order differential equations for describing velocity and position). After establishing the model of computer simulation, many initial parameters will be changed and the results will be analyzed and discussed.

目 錄
第一章 序論………………………………………………………... 1
1.1. 簡介…………………………………………………... 1
1.2. 歷史回顧……………………………………………... 6
1.3. 研究動機與目的……………………………………... 11
第二章 理論分析…………………………………………………... 13
2.1. 電子迴旋運動之動力方程式……………………. 13
2.1.1. 基本物理原理………………………………… 13
2.1.2. 電子迴旋管內之電場與磁場………………… 15
2.1.3. 圓柱座標系統表示式………………………… 19
2.1.4. 圓柱座標系統下之電子動力方程式………… 21
2.2. 拉莫半徑…………………..…………………………. 24
第三章 數值模擬………………………………………………… 27
3.1. 方程式歸一化………………………………………... 27
3.2. 數值方法……………………………………….…….. 31
3.2.1. 阮奇-庫打法(Runge-Kutta method)的簡介....... 31
3.2.2. Runge-Kutta法二階式與四階式……………… 32
3.2.3. 四階R-K法求解聯立方程組………………… 35
3.3. 電腦模擬設定與流程………………………………... 39
第四章 模擬結果…………………………………………............... 41
4.1. 改變均勻靜磁場量……………………………… 41
4.2. 改變外部電壓………………………………….. 44
4.3. 改變磁場擾量...…………………………………. 46
4.4. 改變轉移區寬度………………………………… 48
第五章 結論…………………………………………………... 50
參考文獻…………………………………………………………….. 54
參考書目…………………………………………………………….. 57

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