臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究收集鯷科仔稚魚單位努力漁獲量及1998~2001年間之衛星遙測水溫、水色資料，透過模糊劃分及T-Test檢定漁況等級及影像處理技術，擷取隱含代表魩仔魚生態意義之遙測因子，並經相關分析及逐步回歸分析法找出最適影響因子，以進行漁況變動之判別分析。至於各漁況等級之最適遙測因子及與漁況變動之關聯性分述如下：
1、梗枋海域
a、春漁期
與梗枋春漁期漁況變動相關之因子有前一週外洋水鋒面指標、前一週之色素濃度空間標準差、漁場內23~26℃的頻度、前一週漁場內南北方向流向等，以之進行漁況等級之判別，其正確判別率達86.67﹪。在經典型判別分析後可知， 當前一週之外洋水鋒面指標增加，亦即黑潮水偏離宜蘭灣（流向向南）時，會促使大陸沿岸水補充進入宜蘭灣內，且當海域內環境趨於穩定（漁場內葉綠素濃度空間標準差下降）後，適合日本鯷棲息之海域環境條件增加，則CPUE增加，反之則減少。
b、秋漁期：
與梗枋秋漁期漁況變動相關因子有前二週漁場內之海水表面水溫距平值、漁場內25~26℃的頻度、外洋水鋒面指標、漁場內25~29℃的頻度、漁場內東西方向流向等，以之進行秋漁期之漁況等級的判別可達81.48﹪。在經典型判別分析後可知，當外洋水鋒面指標減小，亦即黑潮水近岸時（流向向西），適合公鯷棲息之海洋環境條件增加，因而CPUE增加，反之則減少。
2、枋寮海域
與枋寮春、秋漁期漁況變動有關之因子分別有外洋水鋒面指標、前四週之海水表面水溫距平值、前一週漁場內東西方向流向、前一週漁場內的葉綠素濃度與外洋水鋒面指標、前一週之海水表面水溫距平值、前一週漁場內的葉綠素濃度、漁場內海水表面水溫空間標準差，以之進行漁況等級之判別，其正確判別率分別達75.56﹪與89.66﹪。在經典型判別分析後可知，枋寮海域當外洋水鋒面指標減少，亦即外洋水逼近枋寮沿海海域，此一不適鯷科仔稚魚棲息之環境條件可將魚群侷限於漁場內，而前一週漁場內的葉綠素濃度減少可能代表此時漁場內形成一高生產力之區域，使鯷科仔稚魚之食物來源不虞匱乏，故CPUE就會升高，反之就減少。

From the AVHRR sea surface temperature and ocean color imagery, the image analysis method was tried to extract the ecological oceanic features of larval anchovy for the range of optimum temperature at different species of Engraulis japonicus and Genus Encrasicholina, offshore front index, chlorophyll-a pigment concentration, and so on. The weekly CPUEs were collected, and their variation of spring and autumn fishing season related to the oceanic features in the NE and SW waters of Taiwan, were studied during 1998 to 2001. Three fishing condition level for larval anchovy in spring and autumn season were identified by using fuzzy and T-test statistical methods. These results of fishing condition level associated with oceanic features of satellite images were shown as following:
(1) In the NE Waters of Taiwan
(a) Spring Season：
Factors related to the fishing condition variations were included the offshore front index (OFI), current direction and spatial standard deviation of chlorophyll-a in the previous week, and the coverage rate of optimum temperature 23~26℃ for Engraulis japonicus in fishing ground. Using these factors for the discriminant analysis of fishing condition level, the percent classified can reach 86.67%. The canonical discriminant analysis of oceanic feature and fishing condition level showed that the CPUE increases with intrusion of the China Coastal Current into the I-lan bay as OFI, the Kuroshio Current deviates away from the I-lan bay with the increase of OFI in the previous week.
(b) Autumn Season：
Factors in relate to the fishing condition variations were included the SST anomaly in the previous two weeks, the coverage rate of optimum temperature for Genus Encrasicholina, offshore front index and the current direction flow in the fishing ground. Using these factors for discriminant analysis of fishing condition level, the percent classified can reach 81.48%. The results of canonical discriminant analysis suggested that the CPUE increases, as the environment conditions suitable for Genus Encrasicholina increase with decrease of the OFI.
(2) In the SW Waters of Taiwan
Factors associated with the fishing condition variations were mainly included the OFI, weekly SST anomaly index, chlorophyll-a, spatial standard deviation of SST and current direction. The discriminant analysis of fishing condition level suggested that the percent classified can reach 75.56% and 89.66% during the spring and autumn fishing seasons in the SW waters of Taiwan, respectively. The canonical discriminant analysis for fishing condition level and oceanic feature indicated that the CPUEs were increase with the decrease of OFI and chlorophyll-a in the previous week.
Keywords：Remote Sensing、Larval Anchovy、Offshore Front Index、SST、Ocean Color

Abstract…………………………………………………………i
中文摘要…………………….…………………………..…….iii
壹、前言……………………………………………………….1
貳、材料與方法……………………………………………….10
一、漁獲量資料之收集與分析……………………………………10
二、遙測因子之收集與分析………………………………………15
三、漁況判別分析…………………………………………………32
參、結果與考察……………………………………………….35
一、魩仔魚漁況類別………………………………………………35
二、鯷科仔稚魚漁況等級變動之因子選定………………………45
三、漁況等級之判別與解析………………………………………57
肆、結論與討論………………………………………………..74
謝辭……………………………………………………………88
參考文獻………………………………………………………89

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