臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

利用聚合酶連鎖反應( polymerase chain reaction )技術自新鮮馬拉巴石斑( Epinephelus malabaricus )選殖出一銅鋅型超氧歧化酶( Cu/Zn-SOD ) cDNA，cDNA全長為803 bp，內含轉譯區462 bp，可以轉譯出154個胺基酸，經電腦分析馬拉巴石斑Cu/Zn-SOD與其他來源的序列有很高的相似性 ( 53~ 91﹪)。除此之外，在文獻中所述與銅鋅離子結合有關的七個胺基酸 ( His-47, 49, 64, 72, 81, 121及Asp-84 ) 與形成雙硫鍵之半胱胺酸 ( Cys-58, 147 )，均為高度保留區。為更進一步確認此Cu/Zn-SOD，將其選殖入pET-20b (+)表現載體，以Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLys作為表現宿主，250 mL菌液經由1 mM IPTG在31 ℃下誘發，可表現出具有活性的Cu/Zn-SOD。經親和性管柱純化後，可獲得蛋白質380 mg其比活性為3883 U/mg。此蛋白質活性在pH 4以下或pH 10以上會受到抑制。在60 ℃加熱10 min，仍保有65%的活性，加熱降解速率常數 (Kd)為33.18×10-2 min-1。當SDS濃度為4%時活性會受到抑制，濃度愈高對其影響愈大。Imidazole 超過1.0 M時會抑制70% 的活性。trypsin 比chymotrysin對酵素活性有影響。不過差異不大。

A full-length cDNA clone of 803 bp encoding a putative copper / zinc-superoxide dismutase ( Cu/Zn-SOD ) from malabar rockcod ( Epinephelus malabaricus ) was cloned by PCR approach. Nucleotide sequence analysis of this cDNA clone revealed that it comprises a complete openreading frame coding for 154 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity (53~91%) with the sequences of the Cu/Zn-SOD from other species. Computer analysis of the residues required for coordinating copper ( His-47, 49, 64 and 121 ) and zinc ( His-64, 72, 81 and Asp-84 ), as well as the two cysteines ( 58 and 147 ) that form a single disulfide bond, were well conserved among all reported Cu/Zn-SOD sequences. To further characterize the malabar rockcod Cu/Zn-SOD, the coding region was subcloned into an expression vector, pET-20b (+), and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLys. The expression of the Cu/Zn-SOD was confirmed by enzyme activity stained on a native gel and purified by Ni2+- nitrilotriacetic acid Sepharose superflow. The enzyme activity was inhibited under acidic pH (below 4.0 or higher than 10.0). The enzyme retained about 65% activity after heating 60 ℃for 10 min. This protein had better themostability. The inactivation rate constant (Kd) was 33.18×10-2 min-1 at 60℃. The enzyme activity was also inhibited under 4% SDS or above 1M imidazole. The enzyme was much more resistant to chymotrypsin attack than trypsin .

第一部份馬拉巴石斑魚銅鋅型超氧岐化酶的選殖與分析
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………..Ⅱ
壹、序論
一. 自由基 ( free radical )……………….....………………………..………..……....1
(一) 自由基的生成……………………..…………………………………………..1
1. 生物體內之活性氧與自由基………………..………………………………….1
2. 環境中之活性氧與自由基………………….………………..….……………..2
(二) 自由基的種類………………………………..………….……………………3
1. 氫氧自由基………………………………………………………………...…..3
2. 一氧化氮…………………………………………………………………….....3
3. 超氧陰離子………………………….………………………………………...4
4. 單線態氧………………………………………………………………….…...4
(三) 自由基的傷害……..………………………….…..…………..……………...4
1. 對DNA之傷害……..………………………..……………..……..……….…...4
2. 對脂質之傷害……..…………………………………………………………..5
3. 對蛋白質之傷害………………………………………………………………5
4. 阻斷ATP的形成………………………………………………………………5
(四) 自由基之防禦系統 ( defense system ) ………………..……….…………..5
1. 酵素性防禦系統………………………………………………………………6
(1) 超氧歧化酶……………………………………………………………………6
(2) 過氧化氫酶……………………………………………………………………6
(3) 麩胺基硫過氧化酶……………………………………………………………6
2. 非酵素性防禦系統…………………………………………………………….6
(1) 維生素C……………………………………………………………………..6
(2) 維生素E……………………………………………………………………..6
(3) b胡蘿蔔素…………………………………………………………………..7
(4) 硒…………………………………………………………………………….7
二. 超氧歧化酶( Superoxide dismutase; SOD )……………………….…………..7
(一) 銅鋅型超氧化酶( Cu/Zn-SOD )………………...…………………………8
(二) 錳型超氧歧化酶( Mn-SOD )………………………..…..……...…………9
(三) 鐵型超氧歧化酶( Fe-SOD )…………………..……………………...……9
(四) 其他型超氧歧化酶……………………………………………………….10
三. 馬拉巴石斑魚………………..……………………….……………….……..10
四. 實驗緣起………………..…………………………………………...………..11
圖表…………………………………..……………………………………………12
貳、材料與方法………..………………………..…………………………………..23
一. 材料...……….………………………………………...………………………23
二. 實驗方法….……………………………………………………….………….27
圖表………………………………..………………………………………..…..…44
參、結果與討論……………………………………………………………………..47
一. 馬拉巴石斑Cu/Zn-SOD cDNA選殖…...……………………….….….……47
(一) 中間片段cDNA……………………………………………….….………47
(二) 3’-RACE和5’-RACE……………………………….…...…...…………47
(三) 全長Cu/Zn-SOD cDNA …………………………………………………48
二. 馬拉巴石斑Cu/Zn-SOD cDNA之表現與純化……………….……….……48
(一) Recombinant DNA……………………………….………………..………48
(二) 正反應株之表現…………………………………………………….……49
(三) 重組蛋白之純化………………………………….………………………49
三. 馬拉巴石斑魚Cu/Zn-SOD之性質……………………………...…………..49
(一) pH穩定性…………………..……………………….……………….……49
(二) 熱穩定性…………………..……………………………...……………....50
(三) Imidazole之影響…………………..……………………….……..………50
(四) 水解酵素的影響…………………..……………………………..….…....50
(五) SDS 之影響………………….………………….……………..………….51
圖表………………………………..……………………………………………....…52
肆、結論 …………………………..………………………………………………..69
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………………70
目 錄
第二部份 斑馬魚與馬拉巴石斑脂氧合基因的選殖
壹、序論
一. 脂氧合酶 ( lipoxygenase, LOX )………………………………..…….….…..77
(一) 簡史…....………………………………………..………………...…….….77
(二) 來源及分布………………………………………………………………...77
(1) 陸生植物……………………………………………………………….77
(2) 陸生動物……………………………………………………………….77
(3) 水產植物……………………………………………………………….78
(4) 水產動物……………………………………………………………….78
(三) 作用機制…………………………..………………….……………………78
(四) LOX種類……………………………..……………….…………………....79
(五) LOX之特性研究…………………..…………………………...…………...79
1. 活性方面…………………………..…………………..………………...……79
2. 特性方面……………………………………………………………………...80
3. 醫學方面…………..……………..…………………………...……………....80
4. 食品工業……………………………………………………………………....81
二. 實驗緣起……………..……………………………………………………….....81
圖表………………………………..…………………………………………………....82
貳、材料與方法………..………………………..………………………………….…83
一. 材料...……….………………………………………...………………………...83
二. 實驗方法….…………………………………………………………….………87
參、結果與討論……………………………………………………………………….88
一. 斑馬魚與馬拉巴石斑LOX cDNA選殖…………………………….………...88
(一) 斑馬魚脂氧合酶之選殖……………………………….…….……………..88
(二) 馬拉巴石斑脂氧合酶之選殖…..……………………………….……….…89
圖表………………………………..……………………………………………....…..90
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………………..95

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