摘　　　要
本實驗利用固態反應法（solid-state reaction），經由起始粉末BaCO3及TiO2的原子比例的控制，在1100℃溫度下持溫煆燒2小時，製備出不同鋇鈦比（Ba/Ti ratio）的鈦酸鋇粉末。製備的不同鋇鈦比鈦酸鋇，在不同的溫度下，於空氣的環境中燒結，探討其燒結行為及燒結過程中微結構的變化，並探討鋇鈦比例的改變對其介電常數的影響。本實驗並於不同鋇鈦比的鈦酸鋇中添加不同體積分率的氧化鎳，在適當的還原氣氛下使氧化鎳還原成金屬鎳，進而探討還原後之金屬鎳對不同鋇鈦比鈦酸鋇試樣之c/a比例、電性及微結構的影響。
對於不同鋇鈦比的鈦酸鋇，在空氣中燒結時，鋇鈦比大於1的鈦酸鋇組成，經由XRD分析，發現有中間相Ba2TiO4的生成，燒結過程中晶粒呈現正常的成長現象，但不易獲得緻密的微結構。而鋇鈦比小於1的鈦酸鋇組成中，燒結溫度在超過其共晶溫度時，會有Ba6Ti17O40之高溫液相生成，使得此組成具有較佳的緻密化行為，微結構因此第二相的出現，而產生異常成長的現象，由於晶粒不正常的粗化現象及Ba6Ti17O40相的生成於晶界，使得此組成之介電常數下降。
氧化鎳的添加於不同鋇鈦比鈦酸鋇中，在還原氣氛下550℃煆燒2小時，可以將氧化鎳還原成金屬鎳。當燒結溫度在1290℃至1350℃時，相對密度隨添加量的增加而下降，金屬鎳含量的增加，會降低鈦酸鋇的c/a比例，並降低鈦酸鋇之晶粒大小，由於添加量增加時，減少導電金屬顆粒之間的距離，因而使得介電常數值增加。

目錄
第一章 前言…………………………...………………………………1
第二章 文獻回顧…………………...…………...……………………3
2-1 鈦酸鋇之合成…………………………………………….…………3
2-2 固態反應法………………………………………………………….4
2-2-1 煆燒的目的……………………………………………………….4
2-2-2 煆燒反應機構………………..…………………………………...5
2-3 A/B ratio 對鈦酸鋇之影響………………………………………….6
2-4 鈦酸鋇晶體結構及特徵…………………………………...………12
2-5 添加物對鈦酸鋇微結構及電性之影響…………………………...18
2-5-1 金屬鎳對鈦酸鋇之影響………………………………………...19
2-5-2 金屬鎳之特性…………………………………………………...20
第三章 實驗步驟………………………………..……….………….24
3-1.鈦酸鋇粉體之製備…………………………………………………24
3-1.1 實驗材料…………………………………………………………24
3-1.2 實驗步驟…………………………………………………………24
3-1.3 粉體的相鑑定……………………………………………………25
3-1.4 試片的成型、燒結……………………………………………….25
3-1.5 試片的相鑑定……………………………………………………27
3-1.6 SEM微結構觀察…………………………………………………27
3-1.7 密度的量測………………………………………………………28
3-1.7.1 視密度的量測………………………………………………….28
3-1.7.2 相對密度的量測……………………………………………….28
3-1.8 介電性質之量測…………………………………………………29
3-2 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材料之製備………………………………………..30
3-2.1 實驗材料…………………………………………………………30
3-2.2 試片成型、燒結與加工…………………………………………30
3-2.3 試片相鑑定………………………………………………………31
3-2.4 SEM微結構觀察…………………………………………………31
3-2.5 密度的量測………………………………………………………31
3-2.5.1 視密度的量測………………………………………………….31
3-2.5.2 相對密度的量測……………………………………………….31
3-2.6 電性之量測………………………………………………………32
3-2.6.1 介電性質之量測…….…………………………………………32
3-2.6.1 絕緣電阻之量測…….…………………………………………32
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………..35
4-1 粉體之熱分析……………………………………………………..35
4-1.1粉末DTA熱示差分析…………………………………………..35
4-1.2粉末TGA熱示差分析…………………………………………..35
4-2 粉體相鑑定………………………………………………………..36
4-3 試片相鑑定………………………………………………………..41
4-4 SEM微結構分析…………………………………………………..47
4-5 晶粒大小之量測…………………………………………………..55
4-6 密度之量測………………………………………………………..57
4-7 緻密化行為………………………………………………………..63
4-8 電性之量測………………………………………………………..67
4-9 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之XRD相鑑定.………………………………..71
4-10 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之晶格常數比值(c/a ratio)..…………………..74
4-11 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之密度………..………………………………..77
4-12 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之微結構……..………………………………..82
4-13 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之介電性質…..………………………………..85
4-14 鈦酸鋇/鎳複合材之絕緣電阻…..………………………………..89
結論…...………………………………………………………………..91
參考文獻..……………………………………………………………..93

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