本論文旨在闡釋列維納斯的形上的倫理學，為此，本文將集中討論其主要作品《整體與無限》。
論文分三章。第一章處理「整體」與「無限」這兩個概念在西方哲學史脈絡中的位置。主要以黑格爾與海德格的「整體」概念以及笛卡爾的「無限」概念為代表。並說明列維納斯如何挪用笛卡爾的「無限」概念來批判整體論。
第二章處理我與他者之間的關係。並說明列維納斯如何為他者找出脫離「同」的暴力的出路。這出路首先是自我與他者的面對面關係，以及自我的時間化，以回憶作為抵抗整體的運動。
第三章則是說明面對面關係如何進一步成為超越面容的關係如愛、父子關係、生生不息…。並指出列維納斯以我與他者的關係來定義陰性及兩性差異所遭遇的困難。

The purpose of this thesis is to interpret the metaphysical ethics of Emmanuel Lévinas. To do so, I focus my attention on his major work “ Totality and Infinity”.
The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the two concepts ,“ totality” and “ infinity”, in the context of Western philosophy, emphasizing “totality” in its modern versions by Hegel and Heidegger, and “infinity” by Descartes. I try to show how Lévinas develops his critique of totality through the articulation of the concept of infinity.
The second chapter deals with the relationship between “the ego” and “the other”. I try to show how Lévinas works out a solution for the Other to get away from the inescapable violence of the Same. This solution is primarily a face-to-face relation of the ego with the other, and the temporalization of the ego, which takes recollection as its movememt to resist totality.
In the third chapter, we will show how the face-to-face relation develops into beyond-the-face relations such as love, paternity, fecundity…etc., and point out the difficulty Lévinas meets in defining the femininity and the sexual difference by the relation between the ego and the other.
Key Words : ethics, metaphysics, ontology, totality, infinity, ego, the other, the Same, the Other, the face-to-face relation, recollection, femininity.

前 言 1
第一章：整體與無限的關係 7
第一節：整體與無限所蘊含的思想背景 7
一、列維那斯提出整體與無限的思想背景 7
二、存有學與形上學的對比 9
第二節：對整體論與存有學的批判 12
一、對黑格爾整體論的批判 12
二、對海德格存有學的批判 15
三、以時間性中的回憶來批判整體論 17
第三節：對整體論與存有學的批判 20
一、笛卡爾的無限概念 20
二、從自我的角度出發所銓釋的無限性 22
三、超越物質界的超越性 24
第四節：小 結 27
第二章：自我與他者的關係 29
第一節：自我與他者之外的第三者 29
一、列維那斯形上學裡的第三者 29
二、整體論的第三者 32
三、對抗整體的兩種方式：列維納斯 vs 齊克果 36
第二節：時間與他者 39
一、從自我來面對的死亡與不朽的渴望 39
二、我與他者在對話關係中的時間性 41
三、時間性與歷史反省 43
第三節：小 結 46
第三章：形而上的倫理學 49
第一節：真理與正義 50
一、真理與論述 51
二、語言與自由 54
第二節：語言的倫理學 56
一、語言裡的人神關係 56
二、對話哲學及其侷限 58
三、一神論與倫理學 60
第三節：超越面容 63
一、愛的現象學 63
二、陰性的定義與超越面容之後的難題 64
結 論 71
參考書目 77

一、列維納斯原著（括弧裡為原始出版日期，虛線後為中譯與英譯）
La théorie de l’intuition dans la phénoménologie de Husserl. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1989（1930）.
---------- The Theory of Intuition in Husserl's Phenomenology. Trans. Andre Orianne. Evanston, [Ill.] : Northwestern University Press, 1973.
De l'évasion. Paris: Fata Morgana, 1982（1935/36）.
Le temps et l’autre. Paris: PUF, 1991（1947）.
De l'existence à l'existant. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1990（1947）.
---------- Existence and existents. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic, 1988.
----------《生存及生存者》，顧建光、張樂天譯，台北：遠流，民國79年[1990]。
En découvrant l'existence avec Husserl et Heidegger. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1967（1949）.
Totalité et infini：essai sur l'extériorité. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1992（1961）.
---------- Totality and Infinity. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1979.
Quatre lectures talmudiques. Paris: Les Édition de Minuit, 1968.
---------- Nine Talmudic Readings.Trans. Annette Aronowicz. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1994, c1990.
Humanisme de l'autre homme. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1990（1972）.
Autrement qu’être ou au-delà de l'essence. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1990（1974）.
---------- Otherwise than Being or Beyond the Essence. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1981.
Sur Maurice Blanchot. Paris: Fata Morgana, 1975.
Difficile liberté. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1990（1976）.
---------- Difficult Freedom : Essays on Judaism. Trans. Sean Hand. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, c1990.
Noms propres. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1987（1976）.
---------- Proper Names. Trans. Michael B. Smith. London : Athlone Press, 1996.
Du sacré au saint.. Paris: Les Édition de Minuit, 1977.
Éthique et infini. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1982.
---------- Ethics and Infinity. Trans. Richard A. Cohen. Pittsburgh : Duquesne University Press, c1985.
L'au-dela du verset. Paris: Les Édition de Minuit, 1982.
---------- Beyond the Verse : Talmudic Readings and Lectures. Trans. Gary D. Mole. London : The athlone press, 1994.
Éthique comme philosophie première. Paris: Éditions Payot & Rivages, 1998（1984）.
De dieu qui vient à l'idée. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1992（1986）.
Hors sujet. Paris: Fata Morgana, 1987.
---------- Outside the Subject. Trans. Michael B. Smith. London : Athlone Press, 1993.
Collected Philosophical Papers. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987.
A l'heure des nations. Paris: Les Édition de Minuit, 1988.
---------- In the Time of the Nations. Trans. Michael B. Smith. London : Athlone Press, 1994.
The Lévinas Reader. Ed. Sean Hand. New York, NY : B. Blackwell, c1989.
“ Is Ontology Fundamental? “ in Philosophy Today,Vol.33:2, 1989, pp.121-129..
Entre nous. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1993（1991）.
---------- Entre nous : On Thinking-of-the-other. Trans. Michael B. Smith and Barbara
Harshav. London : Athlone Press, 1998.
La mort et le temps. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1992.
Dieu, la Mort, et le Temps. Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquille, 1993.
---------- God, Death, and Time. Trans. Bettina Bergo. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, c2000.
----------《上帝,死亡和時間》，余中先譯，北京：三聯書店，1997。
Liberté et commandement. Paris: Librairie Générale Française, 1999（1994）.
二、中文參考書目
《山海經校注》，袁珂注，台北：里仁，1982。
《老子釋證》，朱謙之釋，台北：里仁，1985。
尼采，《歡悅的智慧》，余鴻榮譯，台北：志文，1988。
杜小真，《勒維納斯》，台北：遠流，1994。
周樑凱，〈龍騰千禧講堂記錄，第三講：掌握時代趨勢之關鍵-以文藝復興時代人文主義為例〉，高雄，2000。網址：www.lungteng.com.tw/LTnews/history/13/class-3.htm
胡賽爾，《笛卡兒的沉思：現象學導論》，張憲譯，台北：桂冠，1992。
海德格，《存在與時間》，陳嘉映、王慶節譯，台北：桂冠，1990。
海德格，《海德格選集》，孫周興編譯，上海：三聯書店，1994。
泰勒，《黑格爾與現代社會》，徐文瑞譯，台北：聯經，1999。
笛卡兒，《方法導論--沈思錄》，錢志純、黎惟東譯，台北：志文，1986。
黑格爾，《小邏輯》，賀麟譯，台北：商務印書館，1998。
德希達，《書寫與差異》，張寧譯，北京：三聯書店，2001。
羅智成，《黑色鑲金》，台北：聯合文學，1999。
---------，《泥炭紀》，台北：「少數」出版工作室，1989。
三、其他參考書目
Alquié, Ferdinand. Le Désir d’éternité. Paris : PUF, 1972.
Bataille, Georges. Oeuvres complètes XI. Paris : Gallimard, 1988.
Bernasconi, Robert / Critchley, Simon, eds. Re-Reading Lévinas. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, c1991.
Bernasconi, Robert / Wood, David, eds. The Provocation of Lévinas : Rethinking the Other. London ; New York : Routledge, 1988.
Bernstein, Richard J. The New Constellation : The Ethical-Political Horizons of Modernity/Postmodernity. Cambridge, UK : Polity Press, 1991.
Blanchot,Maurice. L’écriture du désastre. Paris : Gallimard,1980.
Buber,Martin. I and Thou. New York : Scribner,1958.
Chalier,Catheline. Lévinas, l'utopie de l'humain. Paris : Albin Michel,1993.
Chanter, Tina. Ethics of Eros : Irigaray's Re-Writing of the Philosophers. New York : Routledge, 1995.
Cohen, Richard A, ed. Face to face with Lévinas. Albany, N.Y. : State University of New York Press, c1986.
Critchley, Simon. The Ethics of Deconstruction : Derrida and Lévinas. Oxford, UK ; Cambridge, Mass., USA : Blackwell, 1992.
De Boer, Theodore, “ An Ethical Transcendental Philosophy ” in Face to face with Lévinas. ed. Cohen, Richard A Albany, N.Y. : State University of New York Press, c1986.
Deleuze, Gilles. Qu’est-ce que la philosophie?.Paris : Les Édition de Minuit,1991.
Deleuze, Gilles.Nietzsche and Philosophy.Trans. H. Tomlinson. London : The Athlone Press, 1983.
Derrida, Jacques. L'écriture et la différence. Paris : Édition du Seuil,1967.
---------. Adieu to Emmanuel Lévinas. Trans. P-A. Brault & M. Naas. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, c1999.
Descartes, Rene. Oeuvres philosophiques Tome II. Paris: Bordas,1992.
Drabinski, John E.. “ The Status of the Transcendental in Lévinas’ Thought ” , Philosophy Today,Vol.38:2, 1994, pp.149-158.
Durfee, Harold A. / Rodier, David F.T, eds. Phenomenology and Beyond : the Self and its Language. Dordrecht, The Netherlands ; Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers, c1989.
Durfee, Harold Allen. “ Emmanuel Levinas’ Philosophy of Language “ in Explanation : New Directions in Philosophy. The Hague : Martinus Nijhoff, 1973.
--------. Foundational Reflections : Studies in Contemporary Philosophy, Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff, 1987.
Foucault, Michel. The Archaeology of Knowledge. Trans. A.M. Sheridan Smith. New York : Patheon Books, 1972.
Gibbs, Robert. Correlations in Rosenzweig and Lévinas. Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1992.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. Hegel's Science of Logic. Trans. A.V. Miller. London : Allen & Unwin, 1969.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. Phenomenology of Spirit. Trans. A.V. Miller. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1977.
Husserl, Edmund. Cartesian Meditations : an Introduction to Phenomenology. Trans. Dorion Cairns. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1970.
Hyppolite, Jean. Logique et existence. Paris : PUF, 1961.
------------. Figures de la pensée philosophique, 2 Tomes. Paris : PUF, 1971.
Irigaray, Luce. “ Questions to Emmanuel Lévinas ” in Re-Reading Lévinas. Eds. Robert Bernasconi and Simon Critchley. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, c1991.
Kierkegaard, Søren. Fear and Trembling. Ed.&Trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H.Hong. Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press, 1969.
Klemm, David E.. “Lévinas’ Phenomenology of the Other and Language as the Other of Phenomenology ” , Men and World 22: 403-426,1989.
Laruelle, François, ed. Textes pour Emmanual Lévinas. Paris : Jean-Michel Place, c1980.
Libertson, Joseph. Proximity, Lévinas, Blanchot, Bataille, and Communication. The Hague ; Boston : M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Lingis, Alphonso. “ The Final Kingdom “ in Phenomenology and Beyond : the Self and its Language ,edited by Harold A. Durfee and David F.T. Rodier. Dordrecht, The Netherlands ; Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers, c1989.
Llewelyn, John. Emmanuel Lévinas : the Genealogy of Ethics. New York : London : Routledge, 1994.
Lyotard, Jean-François. “ Lévinas’ Logic “ in The Lyotard Reader ,edited by Andrew Benjamin. Oxford, UK ; New York, NY, USA : B. Blackwell, 1989
McKenna, Andrew J.. Violence and Difference. Urbana : University of Illinois Press, 1992.
Mortley, Raoul. French Philosophers in Conversation. London; New York : Routledge, 1991.
Peperzak, Adriaan Theodoor, ed. Ethics as First Philosophy. New York : Routledge, 1995.
-----------.Beyond: The Philosophy of Emmanuel Lévinas. Evanston,Illinois : Northwestern University Press, 1997.
-----------.To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Lévinas. West Lafayette, Ind.: Perdue University Press, 1993
Plato. The Collected Dialogues of Plato, including the Letters. edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. New York : Pantheon Books, 1961.
Poirié, François. Emmanuel Lévinas. Paris : Actes Sud, 1996.
Powell, Jeffrey. “Lévinas Representing Husserl on Representation ” , Philosophy Today,Vol.39:2, 1995, pp.185-197.
Strasser, Stephen. “ Lévinas:Phenomenological Philosophy “ trans. by H. Spiegelberg in The Phenomenological Movement, The Hague : Martinus Nijhoff, 1982.
Theunissen, Michael. The Other. Trans. by Christopher Macaan . Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 1984.
Wyschogrod, Edith. Emmanuel Lévinas : the Problem of Ethical Metaphysics. The Hague : Nijhoff, 1974.