景觀生態學為研究景觀在不同尺度的空間變化，其中包含景觀異質性的生物上及社會上的因果關係。而景觀之結構則可由景觀生態指標加以量化及描述，藉以瞭解景觀空間型態與生態功能及過程之相互作用。本研究以1999年4月、1999年10月及2001年9月之SPOT遙測衛星影像，應用地理資訊系統及FRAGSTATS建立台大實驗林區內各集水區之景觀生態指標。進而研究集水區內景觀之結構、功能與空間在九二一地震及桃芝颱風兩個大型自然擾動後的變遷。景觀生態指數之結果顯示，集水區內之景觀結構呈破碎化、均勻化，形狀變為規整，因擾動增加各嵌塊體間的交互影響而趨向不穩定。

Landscape ecology includes biological and social relations between cause and effect of landscape heterogeneity, and it was measured by landscape change in different spatial scales. Landscape structure can be quantified and described by landscape indices, which were utilized to realize the spatial interactions in landscape patterns and ecological processes within a certain landscape. The SPOT images of National Taiwan University Experimental Forest were collected on April 1999, October 1999 and September 2001, and landscape indices were calculated by Fragstats in geographic information system. Landscape structure, function and spatial variation on watershed after two natural disturbances 921 Earthquake and Toroji Typhoon were described by patch, edge, shape, nearest and diversity indices. The results illustrated that the landscape has tended to fragmental and due to interaction and unstable landscape structure.

摘要 I
Abstract II
一、前言 1
1.1 緣起 1
1.2 研究流程 2
二、文獻回顧 4
2.1景觀生態學之概念與定義 4
2.2遙測影像分類 8
三、材料與方法 9
3.1 研究區域 9
3.2 研究資料 14
3.2.1 SPOT衛星影像 14
3.2.2五千分之一相片基本圖 15
3.3 自然擾動資料 17
3.3.1 九二一地震 17
3.3.2 桃芝颱風 18
3.4 景觀生態學 20
3.4.1景觀生態學理論 20
3.4.2 景觀生態指標 21
3.5 遙測影像分類 28
3.5.1 影像原理及種類 28
3.5.2 最大概似法 29
3.5.3 分類精度評估 31
四、結果與討論 32
4.1影像分類結果 32
4.2時空間景觀生態分析 39
4.2.1 清水溝溪集水區 39
4.2.2 濁水溪上游集水區 41
4.2.3 北勢溪集水區 44
4.2.4 陳有蘭溪下游集水區 46
4.2.5 陳有蘭溪中游集水區 49
4.2.6 陳有蘭溪上游集水區 51
五、結論 53
六、參考文獻 55
附錄 58

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