本研究目的為以兩種密閉罩法推估台灣森林土壤CO2釋出通量，並探究影響森林土壤CO2釋出通量之因子，進而供作大氣中CO2減量之參考。本研究試驗地點位於農委會林業試驗所褔山分所及六龜分所之試驗林，兩處皆以兩種密閉罩測定土壤CO2釋放通量變化。
結果顯示：以密閉罩法一測得1999年3月至2002年4月之褔山及六龜試驗林土壤CO2之釋放通量，褔山一號及二號集水區森林土壤CO2之釋放通量分別為0.038∼0.29 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 (平均為0.14 ± 0.08 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)及0.064∼0.27 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(平均為0.14 ± 0.07 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)，六龜試驗林人工林及天然林森林土壤CO2之釋放通量分別為0.18∼0.59 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 (平均為0.32 ± 0.13 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)及0.17∼0.58 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 (平均為0.34 ± 0.14 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)。以密閉罩法二測得2001年6月至2002年4月之褔山及六龜試驗林土壤CO2釋放通量結果，褔山一號及二號集水區土壤CO2之釋放通量分別為0.18∼0.70 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 (平均為0.45 ± 0.18 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)及0.34∼0.62 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(平均為0.48 ± 0.10 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)，六龜試驗林人工林及天然林森林土壤CO2之釋放通量分別為0.31∼0.91 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(平均為0.62 ± 0.23 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)及0.43∼1.0 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(平均為0.72 ± 0.21 g CO2 m-2 hr-1)。兩種密閉罩法之測值有極顯著之正相關(P < 0.001)。如以簡單相關分析探究影響森林土壤CO2釋放通量因子之結果顯示：土壤CO2釋放通量與表土溫度呈顯著之正相關(P < 0.05)。另外逐步迴歸分析之結果亦顯示，影響土壤CO2釋放通量之主要因子為表土溫度。又於2001年1月18日至5月17日及2002年2月28日至3月31日間，以CO2分析儀連續監測六龜試驗林人工林及天然林大氣CO2濃度之結果顯示：2001年人工林大氣CO2濃度比天然林低約17 ppm，2002年則低約6 ppm；此等結果亦顯示：「人工造林」對減少大氣中CO2之濃度的影響值得進一步研究。

The objectives of this study were to estimate the soil CO2 fluxes of Taiwan forest by two closed chamber methods and examine their affecting factors. The experimental forests of Taiwan Forestry Research Institute in Fu-Shan and Liu-Kuei were selected to monitor the changes of soil CO2 fluxes by two closed chamber methods.
The results showed that the soil CO2 fluxes by closed chamber method I from Watershed I and II in Fu-Shan ranged from 0.038 to 0.29 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 (mean value 0.14 ±0.08) and from 0.064 to 0.27 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.14 ±0.07), respectively; those in plantation and native forests in Liu-Kuei ranged from 0.18 to 0.59 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.32 ±0.13) and from 0.17 to 0.58 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.34 ±0.14), respectively. The soil CO2 fluxes by closed chamber method II from Watershed I and II in Fu-Shan ranged from 0.18 to 0.70 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.45 ±0.18) and from 0.34 to 0.62 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.48 ±0.10), respectively; those in plantation and native forests in Liu-Kuei ranged from 0.31 to 0.91 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.62 ±0.23) and from 0.43 to 1.0 g CO2 m-2 hr-1(mean value 0.72 ±0.21), respectively. There was a significant close relationship between the results of the two chamber methods. The result of the simple correlation analysis showed that there was a close relationship between soil temperature and soil CO2 flux. The result of the stepwise regression analysis showed that only soil temperature among affecting factors could significantly influence the soil CO2 flux. The result also showed that the atmospheric CO2 concentration for 5.0 m height in plantation forest was lower than that in native forest (ca. 17 ppm) from Jan. 1 to May 17, 2001, and the CO2 atmospheric concentration for 5.0 m height in plantation forest was also lower than that in native forest (ca. 6 ppm) from Feb. 28 to Mar. 31, 2002. It suggested that “plantation forest” could reduce the atmospheric CO2 concentration and needs to be further studied.

中文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------- I
ABSTRACT ---------------------------------------------------- Ⅲ
目錄 -------------------------------------------------------- Ⅳ
表目錄 ----------------------------------------------------- Ⅵ
圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------------ Ⅷ
附錄表 ------------------------------------------------------ Ⅸ
前言 -------------------------------------------------------- 1
材料與方法 ------------------------------------------------- 7
一、研究地點 ------------------------------------------------ 7
二、森林土壤二氧碳釋出通量之估測方法 ------------------------ 14
三、環境背景之量測 ------------------------------------------ 17
四、「二氧化碳」檢測數據之品質保證 -------------------------- 18
五、土壤樣品之採集、製備及分析 ------------------------------ 19
六、林內及林外二氧化碳濃度之比較 ---------------------------- 22
七、統計分析方法 ------------------------------------------- 22
結果與討論 ------------------------------------------------- 23
一、二氧化碳檢測數據之品質保證 ----------------------------- 23
二、褔山及六龜試驗林土壤之理化性質及其季節性變化 ------------ 24
三、密閉罩法一測得褔山及六龜試驗林土壤之二氧化碳釋出通量 ---- 24
四、密閉罩法二測得褔山及六龜試驗林土壤之二氧化碳釋出通量 ---- 39
五、密閉罩法一及密閉罩法二測得土壤二氧化碳釋出通量之比
較 ----------------------------------------------------- 46
六、自架自動監測儀器連續測定褔山及六龜試驗林之氣溫、土溫
、土壤水分與大氣中之二氧化碳濃度 ------------------------ 50
七、六龜試驗林人工林及天然林大氣中二氧化碳之比較 ------------ 55
八、褔山及六龜試驗林林外與林內大氣中二氧化碳量變化 ---------- 57
九、森林土壤二氧化碳釋出通量之模式 ------------------------- 62
結論 ------------------------------------------------------- 66
參考文獻 --------------------------------------------------- 68
附錄 ------------------------------------------------------- 77

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