波束成形技術在於設計一個空間濾波器，有效的將干擾信號消除，並保留所想要信號。無論是在雷達、聲納及麥克風陣列都有廣泛的應用，近年來也有不少是將波束成形技術應用在行動通訊上。而一般傳統波束成形器，在存在同調信號的環境下，會產生所謂信號消除現象。因此在本文中，我們提出一個配合傳統空間平均法、TAM及微分限制結構，去建構出一個更具容忍度的強健式波束成形技術。
近年來，利用信號週期恆定性應用於盲目的波束成形技術有許多的討論，其中以Gardner等人，所提出的SCORE演算法為代表。而存在多重路徑時環境時，會使得一般SCORE演算法，也會造成信號消除現象，而進一步產生ISI。在本文中，會使用Backward PHASE-SCORE演算法，配合SS-PHAM的前置處理以改善此現象。我們也將進一步探討因為Doppler效應或者其它因素，而造成週期頻率產生誤差。在本文中我們會觀察此現象，並提出一個強健式的方法，來解決這個問題。
最後，討論同時存在週期頻率誤差及多重路徑的情況下。基於Backward PHASE-SCORE演算法，首先使用SS-PHAM的前置處理去破壞信號彼此同調關係，接下來進一步套用之前所使用的強健式方法，以達到在週期頻率誤差及多重路徑的環境下之強健式盲目波束成形技術。

Adaptive beamforming technique is used to design a spatial filter, which suppressed the signal of non-interest and background noise, and receives the signal of interest. In the thesis, when coherent source is presented, we proposed a method of SS+TAM+Der scheme to solve the coherent situation.
In recent years, the family of Self COherent REstoral(SCORE) algorithm proposed by Gardner has been shown be blindly extract cyclostationary signals. However, the algorithm fails in the multipath fading. Therefore, we developed an algorithm to extract signals by using the backward technique. Go ahead, we to observe a phenomenon when the cycle frequency is error and presented a robust method for adaptive beamforming.
Final, we also developed a robust method under random cycle frequency error and coherent situation.

第一章 緒論 ____________________________________________1
第二章 天線陣列信號處理之數學基礎及基本概念_________ 6
2.1 天線陣列之基本架構 …………………………………….. 6
2.2 相關矩陣的特徵結構 …………………………………….. 9
2.3 可適性波束成形技術 …………………………………….. 12
2.4 廣義旁瓣消除器 ………………………………………….. 14
2.5 微分限制之概念 ………………………………………….. 19
2.6 極小--極大準則 …………………………………………… 20
第三章 使用廣義旁瓣消除器解決同調問題 ______________ 25
3.1 信號抵消現象 …………………………………………….. 25
3.2 空間平均法 ……………………………………………….. 27
3.3 改良式空間平均法 ……………………………………….. 32
3.4 空間平均法配合TAM及微分限制 ………………………… 37
3.5 模擬分析與討論 ………………………………………….. 39
第四章 週期恆定信號之波束成型器_____________________ 49
4.1 週期恆定特性之基本觀念 ………………………………... 49
4.2 SCORE演算法………………………………………………… 51
4.2.1 LS-SCORE演算法………………………………………… 52
4.2.2 CROSS-SCORE演算法 ……………………………………… 54
4.2.3 PHASE-SCORE演算法 ……………………………………… 55
4.2.4 Backward PHASE-SCORE演算法…………………………… 56
4.3 盲目廣義旁瓣消除器………………………………………… 59
4.3.1 阻隔矩陣的構成 ………………………………………… 59
4.3.2 靜態權重向量 …………………………………………… 63
4.4 在多重路徑環境下，強健式SCORE演算法………………… 65
4.5 模擬分析與討論…………………………………………… 69
第五章 在週期頻率誤差下SCORE演算法修正 _______________ 82
5.1 週期頻率偏差對SCORE演算法的影響 …………………… 82
5.2 解決週期頻率誤差之強健式波束成型技術 ……………… 86
5.2.1 基於LS-SCORE之方法 …………………………………… 87
5.2.2 基於CROSS-SCORE之方法 ……………………………… 90
5.2.3 基於PHASE-SCORE之方法……………………………….. 92
5.2.4 基於Backward PHASE-SCORE之方法 ………………………94
5.3 SCORE演算法使用線上作法之運算複雜度 ……………… 97
5.3.1 CROSS-SCORE ……………………………………………… 97
5.3.2 PHASE-SCORE ……………………………………………….98
5.3.3 Backward PHASE-SCORE ………………………………….99
5.4 模擬分析與討論 ………………………………………… 100
第六章 存在隨機週期頻率誤差下的強健式可適性波束成型器 113
6.1隨機週期頻率誤差的數學統計模式 ………………………… 113
6.2基於SCORE演算法的強健式波束成型器 ………………………118
6.2.1基於LS-SCORE之方法…………………………………………118
6.2.2基於CROSS-SCORE之方法 ……………………………………119
6.2.3基於PHASE-SCORE之方法 ……………………………………121
6.2.4基於Backward PHASE-SCORE之…………………………..…122
6.3在多重路徑與隨機週期頻率誤差之強健式波束成型 …..……123
6.4 模擬分析與討論 ……………………………………………… .123
第七章 結論及未來研究方向 ______________________________ 139
參考文獻 ________________________________________________142

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