本研究之目的為透過2、4、9 mg/L之腐植酸TOC濃度，1k、10k、30k三種UF薄膜及10 psi、15 psi、20 psi三種透膜壓差進行定濃度實驗，以阻力串聯模式分析各阻力參數與操作條件間之相關性。
在本研究之操作條件內，透膜壓差和薄膜孔徑影響滲流率衰減較大。9 mg/L TOC濃度時，10 psi、15 psi、20 psi之衰減各達初始滲流率之73%、69%、67%；透膜壓差在20 psi時，30k薄膜之滲流率衰減情形最嚴重達初始滲流率之58%，10k薄膜次之，1k薄膜最小。而TOC濃度之影響程度最低，其標準化滲流率曲線沒有顯著差異。
分析薄膜本質阻力RM時可知10k薄膜與30k薄膜在過濾時之性質較相近，而1k薄膜差異較大。經過24小時過濾，30k薄膜產生不可逆阻力之趨勢較10k及1k薄膜為大，不同薄膜間不可逆阻力所佔比例，以20 psi時差異最明顯，30k薄膜佔102%，10k薄膜佔68%，1k薄膜只佔16%。而透膜壓差在10∼20 psi之操作範圍內，不可逆阻力有隨透膜壓差增加而增加之趨勢。
阻力串聯模式中兩個重要參數為阻力指數φ與積垢阻力RF，其中φ為濃度極化層阻力RG之變數。不同孔徑之薄膜在0∼660分鐘之時間內，φ以1k薄膜增加最快，10k薄膜次之，30k薄膜最慢。RF有隨時間增加而增加之趨勢，而產生RF之趨勢以30k薄膜最大，相對於RM而言30k薄膜可達RM之29%。
經660分鐘之過濾，30k薄膜在過濾過程中累積的阻力相對較多，而1k薄膜則仍以RM為主要阻力來源。如TOC濃度為4 mg/L，透膜壓差為15 psi時，1k薄膜、10k薄膜及30k薄膜其RM、RF、RG所佔比例從83%、9%、8%至59%、17%、24%。

The effects of operational parameters on the permeate flux and resistances for ultrafiltration of humic acid were studied. The experiments were carried out on polysulfone hollow fiber membrane module. Ultrafiltration behaviors were analyzed by the resistance-in-series model.
The results showed that flux increased with transmembrane pressure from 10 to 20 psi and membrane pore size from 1k to 30k. Compared with membrane intrinsic resistances (RM), it was observed that 10k membrane was similar to 30k membrane and much different to 1k membrane. After ultrafiltration of 24 hours, the tendency of accumulated irreversible resistance was more significant at 30k membrane than 10k and 1k membrane.
In the resistance-in-series model, permeate flux decreases with the increase of resistances caused by fouling phenomenea (RF) and concentration polarization/gel layer formation (RG). The polarization layer resistance is a function of transmembrane pressure : RG = φ×PT, andφ is resistance index. In 660 minutes operation, RF andφall increased with tme. The increase rate of φ was higher at 1k membrane than other membranes. The tandency of accumulated RF was similar to irreversible resistance.
After filtration of 660 minutes, RM still was the most important resistance at 1k membrane and 30k membrane was accumulated lots resistance in filtration process.

謝誌 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 X
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究緣起及目的 1
1.2研究內容 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1水中天然有機物 3
2.1.1水中天然有機物之組成 3
2.1.2腐植質基本性質分析 5
2.1.3腐植質對於淨水工程的影響 8
2.2 薄膜處理程序 10
2.2.1薄膜種類與操作形式 10
2.2.2薄膜於淨水工程之應用 12
2.3薄膜分離機制 15
2.3.1影響薄膜滲流率之因子 15
2.3.1.1薄膜特性 15
2.3.1.2進流液性質 18
2.3.1.3操作參數 18
2.3.2薄膜滲流率推估模式 20
2.3.2.1阻塞模式 21
2.3.2.2質傳模式與滲透壓模式 24
2.3.2.3阻力串聯模式 26
第三章 實驗內容與方法 31
3.1.研究內容與假設 31
3.1.1研究項目 31
3.1.2研究參數選定與假設 32
3.1.2.1進流液參數 32
3.1.2.2薄膜參數 33
3.2實驗裝置與分析設備 38
3.2.1薄膜模組 38
3.2.2薄膜過濾裝置 39
3.2.3分析儀器設備 40
3.2.3.1總有機碳(TOC)濃度 40
3.2.3.2 UV-Vis吸光度 41
3.3實驗步驟與方法 42
3.3.1腐植酸溶液之配製 42
3.3.2薄膜預處理 42
3.3.3薄膜過濾實驗 43
3.3.4阻力串聯模式與各阻力之分析 43
第四章 結果與討論 44
4.1薄膜過濾基本性質之分析 44
4.1.1滲流率衰減之變化 44
4.1.1.1透膜壓差之影響 44
4.1.1.2 腐植酸濃度之影響 48
4.1.1.3 薄膜孔徑之影響 50
4.1.2 TOC去除效率之變化 52
4.1.3 UV254去除效率之變化 56
4.2不同操作條件下之薄膜本質阻力與不可逆阻力 62
4.2.1薄膜本質阻力 62
4.2.2不可逆阻力 63
4.3阻力串聯模式 66
4.3.1各阻力及參數隨時間之變化關係 66
4.3.2過濾實驗後各阻力所佔比例 73
第五章 結論與建議 77
5.1結論 77
5.2建議 79
參考文獻 80
附錄 85

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鄭東文，中空纖維薄膜超過濾之研究，國立台灣大學化學工程學研究所博士學論文，1992。