本研究以不同鏈長二乙基胺為鏈延長劑(EDA、DETA)合成非離子型水性PU，探討以不同鏈延長劑所合成PU及其摻合成型物之熱性質、機械性質及染色性。就單一PU而言，發現1,4-BD為鏈延長劑者無Tm，而diamine為鏈延長劑者則具有明顯的Tm，其中DETA者大於EDA者，其熱焓則反之，Tg亦以diamine較高;而diamine為鏈延長劑者之斷裂強度大於1,4-BD者、伸度則相反，但就同為diamine者，EDA者不論強度或伸度皆大於DETA者;但以DETA者比1,4-BD者及EDA者遠具有較佳的染料吸盡率、K/S、固著率及色牢度。就PU摻合成型物而言，不論以EDA或DETA為鏈延長劑者摻合1,4-BD為鏈延長劑PU其Tg皆可大幅提高甚至遠超過原有單獨PU者，其中以DETA為鏈延長劑與1,4-BD者水性PU之摻合物，可獲得斷裂強度及伸度的提升，即得具強韌性的PU成型物，且可使其具有較佳固著率及耐水洗牢度。

This study deals with the synthesis of some nonionic waterborne polyurethane (PU) using ethyl diamines of different chain length, such as EDA and DETA, as the chain extender in the reaction and looks into some properties of PU products, the synthetic reaction has turned out in pure forms as well in its blend with PU using 1,4-BD as chain extender, i.e. their thermal properties, mechanical properties, and dyes properties. As far as PU by itself is concerned, we’ve found that there is no Tm at all when 1,4-BD is used as the chain extender, but it does show obvious Tm when diamine is used instead. Among them, products resulted from DETA have larger Tm than those from EDA. So are their Tg but not their enthalpy, which are the other way around. The tensile strength of those PU made with various diamines as chain extender are larger than that made with 1,4-BD instead, but their respective elongation property are just the opposite. Comparison within PU made with diamines showed that the one made with EDA is larger than that with DETA in both strength and elongation categories. However, the one made with DETA is by far superior to both of those make with 1,4-BD and EDA in their dyestuff absorption rate, K/S, fixation rate, and color fastness. In the respect of various PU mixtures we have dealt with, we found that both PU synthesized with EDA or DETA as the chain extender would have their Tg figure greatly enhanced by blending in some PU made using 1,4-BD as the chain extender. The resulting figures are far larger than that of any single PU component in the mixture. Among them in particular, a waterborne mixture of PU, made separately with DETA and 1,4-BD as chain extender, showed great improvements in both tensile strength and elongation, and also demonstrated better fixation rate and washing fastness.

目 錄
中文摘要 ………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
Abstract ………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
目錄 ………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
圖表索引 ………………………………………………………………… Ⅴ
一、前言 ………………………………………………………………… 1
1-1 動機 ……………………………………………………………… 3
1-2 相關理論 ………………………………………………………… 5
1-3文獻回顧 ………………………………………………………… 6
1-3.1 PU之染色性改善相關研究 ……………………………… 6
1-3.2 變化鏈延長劑之PU相關研究 ……………………………… 7
1-4研究目的 ………………………………………………………… 11
二、實驗方法 …………………………………………………………… 12
2-1 實驗材料 ………………………………………………………… 12
2-2 實驗設備與儀器 ………………………………………………… 13
2-3 實驗步驟 ………………………………………………………… 15
2-4 PU合成 …………………………………………………………… 16
2-4.1 離子中心之合成 …………………………………………… 16
2-4.2 非離子水性PU之合成 …………………………………… 17
2-5 PU薄膜構造分析及物性測試 …………………………………… 18
2-5.1 NCO末端含量之滴定 ……………………………………… 18
2-5.2 傅立葉紅外線(FTIR)光譜分析 …………………………… 18
2-5.3 熱分析(DSC)測試 …………………………………………
2-5.4 薄膜製備 …………………………………………………… 19
2-5.5 薄膜強伸度測試 …………………………………………… 19
2-5.6 Nylon織物之Coating方法 ……………………………… 20
2-5.7 Coating布之染色法 ……………………………………… 20
2-5.8 染料檢量線之求取 ……………………………………… 20
2-5.9 染色物之染色性測定 ……………………………………… 20
2-5.9.1 吸盡率 ………………………………………………… 20
2-5.9.2力度值(K/S值) ……………………………………… 21
2-5.9.3 固著率 ………………………………………………… 21
2-5.9.4 耐水洗堅牢度測試 …………………………………… 22
2-5.9.5耐摩擦監牢度測試 …………………………………… 22
三、結果與討論 ………………………………………………………… 23
3-1 合成與鑑定 ……………………………………………………… 23
3-1.1 NCO末端含量之滴定 ……………………………………… 23
3-1.2 傅立葉紅外線（FTIR）光譜分析 ………………………… 23
3-2 PU熱性質測試(DSC) …………………………………………… 27
3-3 PU薄膜之機械性質測試 ………………………………………… 31
3-4 PU Coating織物之染色性探討 ………………………………… 37
四、結論 ………………………………………………………………… 43
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………… 45

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