臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在工業界中，有許多的機械元件為了符合需求，在幾何外型上經常有溝、槽等缺口情況發生，加上承受雙軸向或多軸向的變動負荷，在分析預測疲勞行為上較為複雜，因此本文的目的主要在探討環形缺口試桿在承受雙軸向疲勞時，其疲勞裂縫起始壽命及行為。其中異相負荷的裂縫起始疲勞壽命比同相負荷裂縫起始疲勞壽命較短，證明在異相負荷下，材料有額外的硬化現象發生；由於缺口外型會造成應力集中效應，因此使用有限元素法來描述缺口根部的局部應力應變行為；在預測模型方面，本文選用Brown and Miller model、 Lohr and Ellison model、 Fatemi-Socie model及Smith,Watson and Topper model四種預測模型，配合平滑試桿軸向負荷資料來分析疲勞裂縫起始壽命；由於預測模式主要使用在應變空間裡的「臨界平面」概念，因此本文使用程式語言計算出臨界平面的位置及損害參數，藉此比較各個預測模型的準確度；而觀察各種不同形式的疲勞負荷所造成的試桿破斷面差異，也是本文將探討的主題之一。

The crack initiation life of cylindrical specimens with circumferential groove under out-of-phase multiaxial cyclic loading was studied. It is found that the crack initiation life under out-of-phase loading is longer than that under in-phase loading for the evidence of addition hardening effect. To find the local stress/strain history at the stress concentrations, finite element method was used to estimate the local behavior under the cyclic multiaxial loading. Four critical plane approaches; Brown-Miller model, Lohr-Ellison model, Fatemi-Socie model, and Smith-Watson-Topper model, were used to predict the crack initiation life with the assistance of the smooth specimen data. The critical planes for specific models were found by a numerical program in the strain space. Furthermore, the fracture surfaces were also examined in the study.

中文摘要………Ⅰ
英文摘要………Ⅱ
誌謝………Ⅲ
目錄………Ⅵ
圖表目錄………Ⅶ
符號說明………Ⅹ
第一章 序論………1
1-1前言………1
1-2研究方法………2
1-3章節概述………3
第二章 文獻回顧………5
2-1平滑試桿多軸疲勞………5
2-1-1等效應力（應變）法………5
2-1-2塑性功和能量法………5
2-1-3臨界平面法………5
2-1-4聯合能量/臨界平面法………6
2-2缺口試桿多軸疲勞………6
2-2-1正比型負載………7
2-2-2非正比型負載………7
2-3近年來發展研究………8
2-3-1基於應變量測之疲勞模型………8
2-3-2在正比型負載下之缺口應變分析………8
2-3-3缺口應變分析在非正比型負載之下………9
第三章 實驗內容與程序………11
3-1試桿製作………11
3-2儀器介紹………12
3-3實驗內容及步驟………14
3-3-1機械性質測試………14
3-3-2平滑試桿單軸向低週次疲勞實驗………14
3-3-3缺口試桿異相雙軸向低週次疲勞實驗………15
3-4環狀缺口試桿疲勞起始裂縫之定義………16
第四章 疲勞起始壽命預測模型及理論………20
4-1壽命分析流程………20
4-2模擬分析步驟………21
4-2-1前處理………24
4-2-2求解………25
4-2-3後處理………27
4-2-4彈性應力集中因子之計算………27
4-3臨界平面法………28
4-4臨界平面之決定………30
4-5臨界參數………30
第五章 實驗結果與討論………35
5-1材料之機械性質………35
5-2平滑試桿之軸向基本低週次疲勞實驗結果………35
5-3環狀缺口試桿之異相雙軸向低週次疲勞實驗結果………36
5-4有限元素法分析結果………37
5-5缺口試桿裂縫形成壽命預測之分析………39
5-6裂縫形成壽命預測結果………39
5-7環狀缺口試桿破斷面觀察………40
第六章 結論………81
參考文獻………83

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