臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，由於全球化經濟發展，供應鏈管理是值得研究的課題。在這競爭激烈的時代，已不再如過去般的只是企業與企業間的競爭，而是演變成供應鏈與供應鏈間的競爭。由於供應鏈是一種從供應者至消費者之物流與資訊流的網路架構，因此供應鏈上的所有成員都必須以整個供應鏈的利益為最優先考量，使整體系統達到最佳化。而要達到最佳化的目標，成本考量是極重要的。因此本研究以整體供應鏈的成本極小化為考量，主要目的是探討單一配銷商四階供應鏈中相關存貨策略的整合問題，並嘗試提出一上下游整合之相關模式，包含供應商、製造商、配銷商及零售商，其中，分別針對單一製造商及多製造商兩種模式狀況進行探討。此外，利用動態規劃模式推導方法並以數學軟體配合程式，同時求解出製造商之最佳生產策略以及配銷商之最佳運送之策略。最後透過數值範例的敏感度分析來瞭解各決策目標對存貨策略的相關影響。

Due to the globalization of the economy in recent years, the supply chain management is a topic worthy of study. In this competitive environment, competition is not just between business and business, but it is the competition between the supply chains. Supply chain is the integration of the logistic and information from the suppliers to the consumers. All members of the supply chains must work together for the benefit of whole supply chain so as to optimize the whole system. In order to optimize the supply chain, cost consideration is vital. The research seeks to minimize the total cost of the whole supply chain. The key objective is to discuss the integration problem of a single distributor four-echelon integrated supply chain inventory model, and offer an integration mode of the upper-level and the lower-level of the enterprise, include the suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers. This research aims at a single manufacturer and many manufacturers mode conditions respectively, and applies the dynamic programming method and mathematics software to derive simultaneously the best production strategy for the manufacturers, and the best transportation strategy for the distributor. Finally, sensitive analysis is carried out to study the influence of the stock strategy on the performance of the supply chain.

目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的與範圍 2
1.3研究方法與步驟 3
1.4論文架構及進度時程 4
第二章 文獻探討 7
2.1存貨發展及基本觀念 7
2.2供應鏈管理之演進及發展 10
2.3夥伴關係之探討 13
2.4多階層（Multi-echelon）存貨模式相關研究 16
2.5供應鏈中動態規劃（Dynamic Programming）之探討 18
2.6整合性存貨模式之探討 20
2.7整合性供應鏈管理之問題發展 23
第三章 單一製造商四階整合供應鏈存貨模式 26
3.1模式問題描述 26
3.1.1基本假設 27
3.1.2零售商基本假設 27
3.1.3配銷商基本假設 27
3.1.4製造商基本假設 27
3.1.5供應商基本假設 28
3.2主要成本項目介紹 28
3.2.1零售商主要成本 28
3.2.2配銷商主要成本 28
3.2.3製造商主要成本 28
3.2.4供應商主要成本 29
3.2.5整合供應鏈總成本 29
3.3模式符號之說明 29
3.4存貨模式之推導 32
3.4.1零售商之存貨模式 32
3.4.2配銷商之存貨模式 32
3.4.3製造商之存貨模式 33
3.4.4供應商之存貨模式 33
3.4.5整合供應鏈之存貨模式 34
3.4.6搜尋法則模式說明 36
3.5搜尋程式邏輯描述 36
3.6整合存貨模式之求解 39
3.7數值範例說明 39
3.8敏感度分析 53
3.9本章結論 56
第四章 多製造商四階整合供應鏈存貨模式 57
4.1模式問題描述 57
4.1.1基本假設 58
4.1.2零售商基本假設 58
4.1.3配銷商基本假設 58
4.1.4製造商基本假設 58
4.1.5供應商基本假設 59
4.2主要成本項目介紹 59
4.2.1零售商主要成本 59
4.2.2配銷商主要成本 59
4.2.3製造商主要成本 59
4.2.4供應商主要成本 60
4.2.5整合供應鏈總成本 60
4.3模式符號之說明 60
4.4存貨模式之推導 63
4.4.1零售商之存貨模式 63
4.4.2配銷商之存貨模式 63
4.4.3製造商之存貨模式 64
4.4.4供應商之存貨模式 64
4.4.5整合供應鏈之存貨模式 65
4.5搜尋程式邏輯描述 69
4.6整合存貨模式之求解 71
4.7數值範例說明 71
4.8敏感度分析 87
4.9本章結論 90
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 91
參考文獻 93
作者簡介 101


表目錄
表1-1、進度時程表 6
表2-1、多階存貨之存貨策略相關研究表 17
表2-2、動態規劃之應用分類表 19
表3-1、相關參數表 40
表3-2、整合性生產策略運算結果表 42
表3-3、製造商生產策略表 45
表3-4、配銷商對零售商1（R1）1~1期之配送策略運算結果表 45
表3-5、配銷商對零售商2（R2）1~1期之配送策略運算結果表 45
表3-6、配銷商對零售商3（R3）1~1期之配送策略運算結果表 45
表3-7、配銷商對零售商1（R1）2~16期之配送策略運算結果表 46
表3-8、配銷商對零售商2（R2）2~16期之配送策略運算結果表 47
表3-9、配銷商對零售商3（R3）2~16期之配送策略運算結果表 48
表3-10、配銷商對零售商1（R1）17~26期之配送策略運算結果表 49
表3-11、配銷商對零售商2（R2）17~26期之配送策略運算結果表 49
表3-12、配銷商對零售商3（R3）17~26期之配送策略運算結果表 50
表3-13、配銷商對零售商1（R1）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 50
表3-14、配銷商對零售商2（R2）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 50
表3-15、配銷商對零售商3（R3）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 51
表3-16、配銷商對零售商1（R1）配送策略表 51
表3-17、配銷商對零售商2（R2）配送策略表 51
表3-18、配銷商對零售商3（R3）配送策略表 52
表3-19、敏感度分析之結果表 53
表3-20、敏感度分析之變異表 54
表4-1、相關參數表 72
表4-2、製造商1生產策略運算結果表 76
表4-3、製造商2生產策略運算結果表 78
表4-4、製造商1生產策略表 80
表4-5、製造商2生產策略表 80
表4-6、整合策略限制表 80
表4-7、配銷商對零售商1（R1）2~6期之配送策略運算結果表 81
表4-8、配銷商對零售商1（R1）7~16期之配送策略運算結果表 81
表4-9、配銷商對零售商1（R1）17~19期之配送策略運算結果表 81
表4-10、配銷商對零售商1（R1）20~26期之配送策略運算結果表 82
表4-11、配銷商對零售商1（R1）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 82
表4-12、配銷商對零售商2（R2）2~6期之配送策略運算結果表 82
表4-13、配銷商對零售商2（R2）7~16期之配送策略運算結果表 83
表4-14、配銷商對零售商2（R2）17~19期之配送策略運算結果表 83
表4-15、配銷商對零售商2（R2）20~26期之配送策略運算結果表 83
表4-16、配銷商對零售商2（R2）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 84
表4-17、配銷商對零售商3（R3）2~6期之配送策略運算結果表 84
表4-18、配銷商對零售商3（R3）7~16期之配送策略運算結果表 84
表4-19、配銷商對零售商3（R3）17~19期之配送策略運算結果表 85
表4-20、配銷商對零售商3（R3）20~26期之配送策略運算結果表 85
表4-21、配銷商對零售商3（R3）27~30期之配送策略運算結果表 85
表4-22、配銷商對零售商1（R1）配送策略表 86
表4-23、配銷商對零售商2（R2）配送策略表 86
表4-24、配銷商對零售商3（R3）配送策略表 86
表4-25、敏感度分析之結果表 87
表4-26、敏感度分析之變異表 88


圖目錄
圖1-1、研究方法示意圖 3
圖1-2、論文研究架構圖 5
圖2-1、存貨驅動生產模式圖 9
圖2-2、顧客訂單驅動生產模式圖 10
圖2-3、供應鏈管理演進的過程圖 11
圖2-4、供應鏈基本成員及運作行為示意圖 12
圖2-5、企業生態三個循環圖 15
圖2-6、四個階段達成三循環相關圖 15
圖2-7、多階層存貨模式之示意圖 16
圖2-8、生產型態之相關性整合圖 21
圖2-9、整體供應鏈整合概念圖 22
圖2-10、整體供應鏈相關階段問題概念圖 24
圖3-1、單製造商、單配銷商整合模式範圍示意圖 26
圖3-2、供應鏈上下游整合示意圖 34
圖3-3、分支界限法之搜尋示意圖 37
圖3-4、搜尋程式邏輯之示意圖 38
圖3-5、單一製造商、單一配銷商供應鏈系統示意圖（範例） 39
圖3-6、相關參數之變異圖 55
圖4-1、多製造商、單一配銷商整合模式範圍示意圖 57
圖4-2、供應鏈上下游整合示意圖 65
圖4-3、搜尋程式邏輯之示意圖 70
圖4-4、單一配銷商供應鏈系統示意圖（範例） 71
圖4-5、相關參數之變異圖 89

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