臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

政府資訊廣為流通，是國家現代化的必要基礎，更是民主社會的重要指標。在網際網路的衝擊下，除了使政府資訊超脫過去政府出版品的範圍，囊括了所有政府應該公開的資訊外，更改寫了政府資訊檢索型態。文獻顯示，社會科學研究者獨特的專業素養造就了其對政府出版品的特殊使用需求，可說是政府資訊的重要使用族群。
本研究旨在探究網路時代之社會科學研究人員對政府資訊的使用情形，除了資訊需求、資訊尋求行為之外，並探討其所使用的政府資訊類型與途徑，以及圖書館的利用情形。本研究採用質性研究中之訪談法，實際訪談政治大學社會科學院、法學院與國際事務學院之研究生與教師，共32名受訪者。訪談期間自民國91年10月28日至92年1月28日。根據訪談結果與相關文獻分析，歸納以下結論與建議。
研究發現如下：
一、社會科學研究者關心社會脈動的本質，需要理論、數據、法律、政策施政、調查研究與時事資訊；政府資訊提供了大量實證資料，其唯一性、權威性、實證性與佐證性為社會科學研究者利用之重要原因。
二、社會科學研究者所使用之政府資訊類型主要有統計、施政報告、法令、研究計畫、公報，尤以統計使用率最高；多數類型之使用媒體電子比例高於紙本。然仍多存在電子化不足、早期資源與地方政府資訊不易取得之問題。
三、政府網站與圖書館為社會科學研究者取得政府資訊之重要途徑，對於灰色文獻或非機密性但未公開之政府資訊取得，人際網絡扮演重要角色，尤以國內政府資訊為甚。
四、政府網站使用以國內中央政府各部會的利用率最高，各國政府次之。統計與法令資源為國內政府網站最受關注之資訊內容。網站內容與使用問題，地方較中央嚴重；整體而言，國內政府網站品質仍有提昇空間。
五、網路改變了政府資訊檢索途徑、便利資訊原文取得、並拓展了學術研究疆界、降低資訊取得成本與活絡資訊呈現方式。然網路資源仍有其限制，無法全然取代紙本，兩者相輔相成，將使資訊取得更加完整。
六、我國政府資訊入口網站之建置對政府資訊傳佈意義深遠，唯其發展方興未艾，社會科學研究者較少使用。然這樣的檢索機制統整了政府網路資源，實有其重要性。
七、網路時代衝擊了傳統寄存圖書館的服務典範，然實體寄存圖書館終究具備若干電子化服務所無法取代的功能；圖書館將從單純的資料寄存，轉換為查詢政府資訊之閘道與資訊中介者角色。
八、政府資訊對政治大學社會科學研究者極具重要性，社資中心所典藏之統計與公報資源對部份研究人員而言尤為珍貴；網路不但使政大圖書館政府資訊集中或分散問題得到舒緩，也為其管理帶來變革的契機。
九、社會科學研究者對政府資訊的需求殷切，然與政府之認知卻有落差，影響政府資訊合理取得的普遍性。部份學術研究所需之政府資訊可能因涉及國家機密、商業機密或隱私權問題，不易取得，學術研究之需求與政府資訊公開之間的衝突及界限，實難釐清。
最後根據研究結果，提出以下建議。
一、建議政治大學圖書館，確立「使用者導向」之政府資訊服務，重新評估政府資訊典藏管理政策，加強灰色文獻之搜集與提昇館員各類型政府資訊之專業素養。
二、建議對圖書館界，重新檢視網路時代寄存圖書館的角色與作法與提昇政府資訊服務之內涵與品質。
三、建議對政府相關單位，加速各級政府網站品質提昇與網路資源建置之完整性，加強政府與學術界或民間機構的合作與加速推動「資訊公開法」之立法，落實「理性管理」之理念。

This study aims at providing the readers with an overall picture of how social scientists have been using government information in this World Wide Web Era. Topics discussed in this study not only include information need, information-seeking behavior by social scientists, but also include the categories and accesses of government information used by social scientists. In addition, the use of government information in libraries by social scientists is also discussed in this study. Regarding to the methodology of this study, “interviewing” of the qualitative research is applied. Abundant intensive interviews were performed between October 28th, 2002 and January 28th, 2003. The objects of these interviews were thirty-two social scientists, including teaching staff and graduate students of College of Social Sciences, College of Law and College of International Affairs of the National Chengchi University.
According to the analysis of the interview results and related literatures, the following conclusions are derived:
1.Social scientists are interested in exploring the nature of social pulses. Thus, theories, various numerical data, laws, policy implementations, investigation researches and information of state of affairs are demanded. Due to the exclusiveness, authoritativeness, validity and evidence-serving quality, volumes of validated information provided by government information sources are utilized by social scientists.
2.Major categories of government information used by social scientists are of the following fields: statistics, policy implementation reports, laws and decrees, research projects and bulletins. However, statistics is the most utilized category among all. Regarding to ways of making use of different categories of government information, electronic media are more applied than paper publications..
3.Governmental websites and libraries are important accesses for social scientists to acquire government information. As to the acquisition of gray literature and non-confidential yet unpublished government information, interpersonal networks then play an important role.
4.Speaking to the utilization rate of governmental websites, various departments of our Central Government are at the first place while governments of various foreign countries the second. Regarding to website content and utilization, local governments encounter more serious situations than the Central Government. In general, more can still be done for improving the service quality of governmental websites.
5.The accesses of government information have been changed in the World Wide Web Era. This has facilitated acquisition of original information, has expanded the territory of academic researches, has lowered the cost for information obtaining and has enlivened the expression styles of information as well. However, there is a limitation in Internet resources on the one hand, and on the other hand, paper publications cannot be completely replaced. Therefore, if Internet resources and paper publications can complement each other, more completeness in information acquisition will be achieved.
6.It is very significant that the Government has established information portal websites. However, the development of these portal websites is still to be ascendant. That is why they are less used by social scientists. Nevertheless, such searching mechanism like portal website has integrated governmental Internet resources and thus counts to be an important aspect.
7.The rise of the World Wide Web Era has created impact on service paradigm of traditional depository library. However, depository library entities possess certain functions that cannot be replaced by electronic services after all. Therefore, the role of library will then be changed from a place simply for information depository to a gateway for searching government information and an information mediator as well.
8.For social scientists of the National Chengchi University, government information is of great importance. Those statistical information and bulletin information collected by the Social Sciences Information Center are especially valuable for some researchers. The development of the World Wide Web has not only eased problems on whether government information in the library of the National Chengchi University should be managed in a centralized way or a distributional way; this development but also has brought a critical point of time for a reform in library management of the University.
9.Though social scientists are in urgent need of government information, there is still a great cognitive difference between the Government and social scientists in the application of government information. This cognitive difference has influenced on the universality of obtaining government information in a legitimate way. Parts of government information needed by some academic researches may touch on national secrets, commercial confidentiality and concerns on privacy. It is very difficult to obtain these government information. It is thus very hard to clarify the conflict and confinement between the demand of academic research and the openness of government information.
Finally, according to the study results, the following propositions are presented.
1.For the library of the National Chengchi University, it is suggested that “user-oriented” services for government information should be established. Besides, managerial policies on government information collections should be re-evaluated; gray literature collections should be enriched and librarians’ professional capacity for handling various categories of government information should be improved.
2.For the field of library science as a whole, it is suggested that a thorough review on the role and function of depository library in the World Wide Web Era should be performed. Besides, special emphasis should also be put on improvement of library service contents and quality of government information.
3.For all related governmental departments, it is suggested that, from the Central Government to local governments, improvement of website quality and establishment of complete Internet resources should be speeded up. In addition, to realize concepts in “Rational Management”, the cooperation between the Government and non-governmental organizations should be reinforced. And the promotion of legislating “Laws for Information Openness” should also be accelerated.

第一章 緒論
第一節 問題陳述-------------------------------------------1
第二節 研究目的與研究問題---------------------------------4
第三節 研究範圍與限制-------------------------------------5
第四節 研究方法與步驟-------------------------------------6
第五節 名詞解釋-------------------------------------------7
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 網路時代的政府資訊--------------------------------11
第二節 政府網站概述--------------------------------------39
第三節 社會科學研究者使用政府資訊探討--------------------53
第三章 研究設計與實施
第一節 研究方法與研究架構-------------------------------103
第二節 研究對象-----------------------------------------105
第三節 調查實施-----------------------------------------111
第四章 研究結果分析
第一節 受訪者之背景分析---------------------------------121
第二節 受訪者資訊需求分析-------------------------------128
第三節 受訪者資訊尋求行為與利用政府資訊的原因-----------140
第四節 受訪者利用政府資訊類型分析-----------------------146
第五節 受訪者取得政府資訊途徑分析-----------------------163
第六節 政府資訊網路與紙本資源使用分析-------------------173
第七節 政府網站利用分析---------------------------------182
第八節 圖書館利用分析-----------------------------------201
第九節 綜合討論-----------------------------------------214
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論---------------------------------------------227
第二節 建議---------------------------------------------232
第三節 後續研究建議-------------------------------------235
參考書目
中文部份----------------------------------------------------237
西文部份----------------------------------------------------240
網路資源----------------------------------------------------247
附錄

一、中文部份
(一)圖書
Strauss, Anselm and Juliet Corbin原著；吳芝儀，廖梅花譯。質性研究入門。嘉義市：濤石文化，民90年。
Strauss, Anselm and Juliet Corbin合著；徐宗國譯。質性研究概論。台北市：巨流，民86年。
Wolcott, Harry F.著；顧瑜君譯。質性研究寫作。台北市：五南，民87年。
王百祿研究主持。行政院研考會全面提昇政府機關網站服務品質方案結案報告: 88年度政府網站示範性評鑑報告。台北市: 中華民國國家資訊基本建設產業發展協進會，民88年)。
王國明研究主持。提昇為民服務品質之研究。台中市：行政院研考會中部辦公室，民90年。
江亮演等合著。社會科學概論。台北市：商鼎文化，民86年。
行政院研考會編。社會科學分類之研究。台北市：編者，民73年。
行政院研究發展考核委員會編。電子化政府推動方案(草案)- 90-93年度。台北市： 編者，民89年。
行政院資訊發展推動小組編。政府業務電腦化報告書(八十六年度) 。台北市：編者，民85年。
「行政機關出版品管理要點」。行政機關出版品管理作業手冊。台北市：研考會，民74年。
李亦園總校閱。社會科學導論 六版。台北市：五南，民79年。
林河名。電子化政府與資訊公開-- 政府資訊公開電子化問題初探。東吳大學法律學研究所，碩士論文，民85年。
林振智。資訊公開法制之研究---以警察機構為例。中央警察大學警政研究所，碩士論文，民86年。
邱炯友研究主持。各國政府出版品電子化策略及措施之研究。 台北市：行政院研考會，民89年。
胡克威。「社會科學」。環華百科全書 第15冊。台北市：兒童教育，民75年。
翁岳生等。資訊立法之研究 。台北市：行政院研考會，民74年。
張其昀監修。中華百科全書 第4 冊。台北市：文化大學出版部，民70年。
國立政治大學編。國立政治大學校史稿 。台北市:編者，民78年。
黃朝盟。電子化政府的網站設計與評估。 台北市: 韋伯文化，民90年。
傅雅秀。從科學傳播的觀點探討中央研究院生命科學專家的資訊尋求行為。台灣大學圖書館學研究所，博士論文，民85年。
圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典 中冊 。台北市：漢美，民84年。
潘彥佃。我國政府 WWW網站與資訊公開之研究-以中央政府為例。東海大學公共行政研究所，碩士論文，民88年
賴鼎銘。圖書館學的哲學。台北市: 文華, 民82年。
歐用生。質的研究。台北市：師大書苑，民78年。
魏鏞。社會科學的性質及發展趨勢 二版。台北市:台灣商務，民82 年。
(二)期刊論文
王郁琦。「政府資訊公開法制與NII建設」。資訊法務透析 (民85年5月)，頁19-25。
江偉平。「電子化政府」。公教資訊 2：3(民87年9月)，頁1-9。
李仲彬，黃朝盟。「電子化政府的網站設計：台灣省二十一縣市政府WWW網站內容評估」。中國行政 69 (民90年3月)，頁47-74。
何沙崙。「各國政府出版品管理制度的發展趨勢」。研考雙月刊 23：2(民88年4月)，頁13-22。
何沙崙。「開創政府出版品電子化的新時代」。研考雙月刊 24：3(民89年6月)，頁3-12。
沈寶環。「美國政府出版品的管理與使用問題之研究」。美國研究17：4 (民76年12月)，頁1-29。
法治斌。「知的權利」。法學叢刊 27：1 (民71年3月)，頁73-78。
林呈潢。「電子政府資訊與圖書資訊服務」，頁4。發表於2002出版與圖書館學術研討會，淡江大學資訊與圖書館學系主辦，民91年4月26日。
林奇秀。「中華民國政府文獻使用研究：以政治大學社會科學學院博士論文引用文獻為例」。圖書與資訊學刊36 (民90年2月)，頁71-85。
「政府出版品管理辦法」。行政院公報 44：4 (民87年11月4日)，頁4。
徐嘉徽。「政府出版品業務電子化實施現況」。研考雙月刊 23：5(民88年10月)，頁55-61。
張東哲。「研究官書問題首先應有的基本認識」。教育資料學月刊 1：1(民59年3月)，頁18-23。
陳瑩芳。「各國政府出版品網路檢索現況」。研考雙月刊 23：2(民88年4月)，頁59-75。
陳瑩芳。「我國政府出版資訊網路服務之現況」。全國新書資訊月刊 45 (民91年9月)，頁30-32。
項靖。「線上政府：我國地方政府WWW網站之內涵與演變」。行政暨政策學報 2 (民89年10月)，頁41-96。
黃朝盟。「世界政府再造之啟示」。政策月刊 39 (民87年10月)，頁11-13。
雷叔雲。「行政機關出版品管理要點所顯示的意義」。台北市立圖書館館訊 1：5(民73年6月)，頁2-9。
趙子祥。「新世紀地方社會科學發展的路徑與標識」。社會科學輯刊128 (民89年5月)，頁4-6。
蔡佩玲。「政府出版品與圖書館」。書苑季刊 28(民87年8月)，頁11-18。
蔡佩玲。「國家圖書館政府資訊服務現況」。國家圖書館館刊 2 (民88年12月)，頁21-34。
薛理桂，蘇美如。「從美國聯邦寄存服務制度電子化發展看我國政府出版品寄存制度」。研考雙月刊 26：2 (民91年4月)，頁40-55。
謝清俊。「公共資訊的流通與所有權」。研考雙月刊 19：3(民84年6月)，頁28-35。
薛理桂。「美國寄存圖書館發展趨勢」。國家圖書館館刊 2 (民86年12月)，頁91-104。
魏鏞。「社會科學與國家建設」。中央月刊16：3(民73年1月)，頁93-
96。
魏鏞。「建立政府出版品管理制度之意義」，研考月刊 12：8(民77年8月)，頁1-21。
二、西文部份
(一)圖書
Alkin, Marvin C. Encyclopedia of Educational Research, 6th ed. New York: Macmillian, 1992.
Bagby, Wesley M. Introduction to Social Science. Chicago: Nelson- Hall, c1987.
Brittain, Michael. ed. The Social Sciences: The Supply of and Demand for Documentation and Data. A Report to UNESCO. London: Rossendale, 1982.
Buckland, M. Information and Information Systems. New York ：Greenwood Press, 1991.
Design of Information Systems in the Social Sciences (DISISS). Research Report A no. 3. Bath, U.K.: Bath University Library, 1979.
Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences. v.44 supplement 9. New York: Marcel Dekker, c1989.
Encyclopedia of Social Science. New York: Macmillian, 1937.
Federal Funds for Research. Development and other Scientific Activities, V. XXVI. Washington D.C.: National Science Foundation, 1979.
Garson, G. David. ed. Information Technology and Computer Applications in Public Administration: Issues and Trends. Hershey: Idea Group Pub., c1999.
Hernon, Peter and Charles R. McClure. Public Access to Government Information 2nd ed. Norwood, N.J.: Albex Publishing Co., c1988.
Hernon, Peter and Gray R. Purcell. Developing Collections of U. S. Government Publications. Greenwich, C.T.: JAI Press, 1982.
Hernon, Peter. Use and Non-use of Government Publications by Social Scientists in Selected Academic Institutions (Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1978)
An Introduction to the Social Sciences. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1964. (First published in France in 1961 under the title Methods Des Sciences Sociales by Presses Universitaires de France.)
Investigation into Information Requirements of the Social Sciences(INFROSS). Information Requirements of Researchers in the Social sciences (Research report no.1), 2 Vols. Bath, U.K.: Bath University Library, 1971.
Katz, Silliam A. Introduction to Reference Work V.1. 8th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Knapp, Amy E. An Examination of the Use of U. S. Government Documents on the World Wide Web by Social Sciences Faculty at Selected ARL Institutions. (Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 1999)
Kuper, Adam and Jessica Kuper. ed. The Social Science Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 1996.
McClure, Charles R., Peter Hernon and Harold C. Relyea ed. United States Government Information Policies: Views and Perspectives. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex, 1989.
Merrit, Leroy Charles. The United States Government as Publisher. Chicago：University of Chicago Press, 1943.
Morehead, Joe. Introduction to United States Government Information Sources 6th ed. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1999.
Nurcome, Valerie J. Nurcombe ed. Information Sources in Official Publications. New Providence, N.J.: Bowker, 1997.
Ryan, Susan M. Downloading Democracy: Government Information in an Electronic Age .Cresskill, N.J.: Hampton Press, Inc., c1996.
Shills, David L. ed. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. v.1. New York: Macmillan & the Free Press, 1968.
Slater, Margaret. Information Needs of Social Scientists. (British Library Research Paper 60) Boston Spa, U.K.: British Library Research and Development Department, 1989.
Smith, Diane H. ed. Management of Government Information Resources in Libraries. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1993.
Webb, William H. Sources of Information in the Social Sciences: A Guide to the Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago, Il. : American Library Association, 1989.
(二)期刊論文
Agrawal, S. P. and M. Lal. “ Information Need of Social Scientists, ”International Library Review 19: 3 (1987), pp.287-299.
Aldrich, Duncan M. “Depository Libraries, and the 21st Century? ” Journal of Government Information 23: 4 (1996), pp.381-391.
Baughman, Susan. ”Social Science Sponsored Researchers: Their Use of Academic Libraries,” Collection management 5:3/4(Fall/winter, 1983), pp.53-68.
Brittain, J. Michael. “Relevance of Social Science Output Worldwide,” International Social Science Journal37: 2 (1985), p.259-275.
Caswill, Thomas Reed. “Studies on Government Publications’ Use, 1990-1996, “ Government Information Quarterly 14:4 (1997), pp.363-371.
Chen, Robert Pin-Chuan. “ The Acquisition, Organization, and Utilization of Chinese Government Publications in Libraries in Taiwan,’ Government Publications Review 14: 2 (1987), pp.169-186.
Folster, Mary B. “Information Seeking Patterns: Social Science,” The Reference Librarian 49/50 (1995), pp.83-93
Folster, Mary B. “A Study of the Use of Information Sources by Social Science Researchers” Journal of Academic Librarianship 15 (March 1989), pp.7-11..
Fraser, Emily Jean and William H. Fisher. “Use of Federal Government Documents by Science and Engineering Faculty,” Government Publications Review 14 (1987), pp. 33-44.
Garvey, W. D., Nan Lin and Carnot E. Nelson. “ A Comparison of Scientific Communication Behavior of Social and Physical Scientists, ”International Social Science Journal 23: 2 (1971), pp.256-272.
Gill, H. S. and P. Yates-Mercer. “The Dissemination of Information by Local Authorities on The World Wide Web,” Journal of Information Science 24：2(1998), pp. 105-107.
Goldbern, Aleksandr L. “Information Needs of Social Scientists and Ways of Meeting Them, ”International Social Science Journal 23: 2 (1971), pp.273-284.
Hartmann, Jonathan. “Information Needs of Anthropologists,” Behavioral and Social Sciences Librarian 13: 2 (1995), pp.13-30.
Hernon, Peter. “Infrequent Use and No-use of Government Publications by Social Scientists,” Government Publication Review 6：4 (1979), pp.359-371.
Hernon, Peter and Clayton A. Shepherd. “Government Publications Represented in the Social Sciences Citation Index: An Exploratory Study,” Government Publications Review 10 (1983), pp.227-244.
Hernon, Peter and C. McClure. “Unobtrusive Reference Testing: The 55 Percent Rule,” 111 Library Journal (1986), pp.37-41.
Hernon, Peter and Sara Lou Williams. “ University Faculty and Federal Documents: Use Patterns,” Government Publications Review 3 (1976), pp.93-108.
Hernon, Peter. “Government on the Web: A Comparison between the United States and New Zealand,” Government Information Quarterly 15：4 (April 1998), pp. 419-443.
Hubbard, Rebecca L. and Freda A. Burks. “Use of Government Publications by Students in an Academic Depository Institution,” Current Studies in Librarianship12(1988), pp.47-63.
Hurych, Jitka. “ After Bath: Scientists, Social Scientists, and Humanists in the Context on Online Searching,” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 12: 3 (1986), pp.158-165.
Krikelas, Jamme. ” Information-Seeking Behavior: Pattern and Concepts,” Drexel Library Quarterly 19(Spring 1983), pp.6-7.
Laskowski, Mary Schneider. “ The Impact of Electronic Access to Government Information: What Users and Documents Specialists Think,” Journal of Government Information 27(2000), pp.173-185.
Line, Maurice B. “Information Requirements in the Social Sciences: Some Preliminary Considerations,” Journal of Library 1:1 (January 1969), pp.2-19.
Line, Maurice B. ”The Information Uses and Needs of Social Scientists: An Overview of INFROSS,” Aslib Proceedings 23:8 (1971), pp.412-433
Line, Maurine B. “A Personalized Service to Academic Researchers: The Experimental Information Service in the Social Sciences at the University of Bath,” Journal of Librarianship 5 : 3 (July 1973), pp.214-232.
McCaghy, Dawn and Gray R. Purcell. “ Faculty Use of Government Publications,” College and Research Libraries 33 (1972), pp.7-12.
McConnell, Bruce W. “New Wine in Old Wineskins: U. S. Government Information in a Networked World,” Journal of Government Information 23:3 (1996), pp. 217-225.
McIlvain, B. ”University of Connecticut Faculty Use of Government Documents,” Connecticut libraries 17(1975), pp.49-51.
Mooko, N.P. and L.O. Aina. “ The Use of Government Publications: The Case of Social Scientists at the University of Botswana,” Journal of Government Information 25:4(1998), pp.359-365.
Nilsen, Kirsti. ”Social Science Research in Canada and Government Information Policy: The Statistics Canada Example,” Library & Information Science Research 20:3 (1998), pp. 211-234.
Nolan, Christopher W. ” Undergraduate Use of Government Documents in the Social Sciences,” Government Publications Review13: 4 (1986), pp.415-430.
Nun, S. and J. B. Rubleske. ”〝Webbed〞Cities and Development of the National Information Highway: The Creation of World Wide Web Sites by U.S. City Governments” Journal of Urban Technology 4:1( April 1997), pp. 53-79.
Postema, Beth and Terry L. Weech. “ The Use of Government Publications: A Twelve —Year Perspective,” Government Publications Review 18 (1991), pp.223-238.
Prasad, H. N. and Manorama Tripathi. ” Information Seeking Behavior of Physical Scientists and Social Scientists: A Report,” Annuals of Library Science and Documentation 45:2 (1998), pp.41-48.
Ren, Wen-Hua. “ U.S. Government Information Need. Awareness and Searching: a Study of Small Business Executives,” Journal of Government Information 26:5 (1999), pp. 453-465.
Sears, Jean L. and Marilyn K. Moody, “ Government Documents Use by Superintendent of Documents Number Areas, ”Government Publications Review 11 (1984), pp.101-112.
Sheehy, H. M. “A Community Closer to Its Citizens: The European Union’s Use of the Internet,” Government Information Quarterly 14：2 (April 1997), pp.117-142.
Shill, Harold B. and Lisa R. Stimatz. “Government Information in Academic Libraries: New Options for the Electronic Age,” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 25:2 (March 1999), pp. 94-104.
Skelton, Barbara. “ Scientists and Social Scientists as Information Users: A Comparison of Results of Science User Studies with the Investigation into Information Requirement of the Social Scientists,” Journal of Librarianship 5:2 (April 1973), p.138-156.
Slater, Margaret.” Social Scientists’ Information Needs in The 1980s, ” Journal of Documentation 44: 3 (Sep. 1988), pp.226-237.
Stenstrom, Patricia, Ruth B. McBride. ” Serial Use by Social Science Faculty: A Survey,” College & Research libraries 40:5 (Sep. 1979), pp.426-431.
Stierholz, Katrina. “U.S. Government Documents in the Electronic Era: Problems and Promise,” Collection Management 21: 1(1996), pp. 41-56.
Stowers, Genie N. L. “Becoming Cyberactive: State and Local Governments on the World Wide Web,” Government Information Quarterly 16:2 (April 1999), pp.111-127.
Stratford, Jean Slemmons, Juri Stratford. “Computerized and Networked Government Information,” Journal of Government Information 27:3 (May-June 2000), pp. 385-386.
Streatfield, D. R., T. D. Wilson. “Information Services in English Social Services Departments：Implications of Project INISS,” Behavioral and Social Sciences Librarian 1:3 (Spring 1980), pp.189-199.
Subrahmanyam , T. ”A Study of Information Seeking Behavior of Doctoral Candidates in Social Sciences,” Hearld of Library Science 22:3-4(July-Oct,1983), pp.200-204.
Weech, Terry L. “The Use of Government Publications: A Selected Review of the Literature,” Government Publications Review 5:2 (1978), p.177-184.
Wilson, Marioyn H. “ Faculty Use of Government Publications at Trinity University, ”Texas Library Journal 49 (1973), pp.76-80.
Wilson, T. D. ”On User Studies and Information Needs,” Journal of Documentation 37 (Mar. 1981), pp. 4.
Wood, D. N. and C. A. Bower. ”The Use of Social Science Periodicals Literature,” Journal of Documentation 25:2(June, 1969), pp.108-122
三、網路資源
中央機關包括總統府、五院、國民大會及國安會共2428個相關網站，台北市及高雄市共797個相關網站，地方政府共6375個相關網站。可參<http://search.taiwan.gov.tw/info/DeptIndex.jsp>(2003年7月22日)
「行政資訊公開辦法明生效」。聯合報，民國90年2月22日，4版。聯合知識庫<http://udndata.com/library/story.php?topicflag=&sharepage=10&c_id=&no=5&totalsum=15&SearchString=uOqwVKS9tn2qa6/zrtcrpOm0wT49MTk5OTAxMDErpOm0wTw9MjAwMjA3MzE= > (2003年7月20日)。
行政機關網站評獎，<http://www.a-site.nat.gov.tw/>(2003年7月13日)
政府網站輔導手冊，頁23-26 <http://www.rdec.gov.tw/mis/standard/gsn-award/schedule.htm> (2003年7月22日)
葉俊榮。「邁向『電子化政府』：資訊公開與行政程序的挑戰」，<http://www.law.ntu.edu.tw/TaiwanLawSociety/yjl.doc> (2003年4月3日)。
蔡佩玲。「法政資訊檢索」，國家圖書館遠距學園，參考服務與參考資源。<http://cu.ncl.edu.tw/learn/index.php>(2003年1月12日)
Deconti, L.（1998）. "Planning and Creating a Government Web Site : Learning form the Experience of US States." Information Systems for Public Sector Management, Working Paper Series, Paper No. 2. < http://www.man.ac.uk/idpm/ispswpf2.htm> (2003年7月20日)
DiCaterino , A. and T. A. Pardo (1996).”The World Wide Web as a Universal Interface to Government Services,” Center for Technology in Government University at Albany, Project 96-2, <http://www.ctg.albany.edu/projects/inettb/univ/itttoc.html>(2003年7月20日)
FIND focus on internet news and data
<http://www.find.org.tw/0105/news/0105_news_disp.asp?news_id=1984>(2003年7月20日)
FIND focus on internet news and data <http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=36#一、我國上網人口達782萬人，普及率達35%>(2003年7月20日)
West, Darrell M. (2001). “WMRC Global E-Government Survey, October, 2001, ” <http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Taubman_Center/polreports/egovt01int.html>(2003年7月30日)