人類出生後就一直不斷地在生理上和心理上調整以適應外在的聽覺環境。 近年來有許多針對音樂對人類生理或心理上反應的研究，然而,由於大部分的研究均為定性描述聽覺刺激或是心血管反應，而一直缺乏定量化的研究。因此本論文提出並驗證一套有效的定量化分析系統，藉由此系統來提供臨床上研究音樂刺激對人類自律神經系統反應之最佳工具。此系統由兩個主要部分組成，定量化聲音播放和監控刺激系統及能定量化記錄和分析心血管反應於自律神經的可攜式分析系統。
設計定量化聲音播放和監控刺激系統的目的是要利用電腦快速運算處理的能力，讓使用者能自由選擇不同類型的聲音或音樂，藉由MIDI或音效卡等數位化系統來播放，並利用監控系統同時定量記錄下這些信號並加以分析。而設計可攜式的自律神經定量化分析系統目標則是為了獲得心血管在刺激期間的反應。定量化記錄這些反應訊號以後加以分析，並提供臨床醫師診斷自律神經系統之功能，如心跳變異率、血壓變化等在時間域及頻率域上的有效指標。在本論文中設計了兩個實驗來分別驗證我們的系統，包括了不同的音樂刺激速率對自律神經的影響與分析憂鬱症患者自律神經對姿勢改變的反應測驗。實驗結果顯示本論文所提出的系統設計能夠確切有效地達到定量化音樂刺激控制和量測的目標，以及獲得許多有效的自律神經系統反應定量指標。此外,本系統未來將可提供更多在不同環境或生理刺激下影響交感神經和副交感神經平衡的指標性臨床研究。

The human body adjusts both physiologically and psychologically after birth to adapt to the external acoustic environment. Recently there have been many studies on the relationship between music stimuli and the corresponding human physiological or psychological responses. However, factors of cardiovascular indices have not been explored quantitatively due to the qualitative natures of acoustic stimuli. This dissertation proposed and demonstrated a new experimental design for quantification of human autonomic responses to music stimuli. This system comprises two major components: 1) a system for generating and monitoring quantitative acoustic stimuli; and 2) a portable ANS analysis system for quantitative recording and analyzing the cardiovascular responses.
The design of quantitative acoustic stimuli generating and monitoring units enable us to apply powerful computer techniques which provide a wide-range selections of quantitative sound or musical stimuli through MIDI, sound card, or other digital systems and to record and analyze the respond signals accurately at the same time. A portable ANS analysis system was used for acquiring the cardiovascular responses during the music stimulation. The analysis of quantitative responses, such as heart rate and blood pressure variations in time and frequency domains, provided useful indices for clinical diagnosis.
We designed two experiments to validate our new system in this dissertation. The first one was to apply different music stimuli and analyze the responses of the autonomic nerve system. The second one was to test the sympathetic nerve system responses in patients of depression during changes of body position. Our results showed that the proposed system not only achieved the goal of quantitative control and accurate measurement of the music stimuli, but also effectively provided many quantitative indices of cardiovascular responses in human. Furthermore, this system can be used for detection and analysis on factors affecting the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve systems caused by different stimuli in future clinical researches.

Abstract (Chinese) .............................. I
Abstract (English) ............................ III
Acknowledgement (Chinese) ....................... V
Contents ....................................... VI
List of Tables ............................... VIII
List of Figures................................ IX
Chapter 1 Introduction .......................... 1
Chapter 2 Quantitative Sound Stimulating and
Monitoring System Design .............. 7
2.1 Hardware Implementation................... 7
2.1.1 Quantitative Sound Stimulating System 8
2.1.2 Quantitative Sound Monitoring System . 9
2.2 Software Implementation ................. 10
2.2.1 Sound Stimulating Unit .............. 11
2.2.2 The Sound Monitoring Unit ........... 15
2.2.2.1 Time-frequency Analyzer ......... 16
2.2.2.2 One Third-Octave Analyzer ....... 17
2.2.2.3 Signal Power Analyzer ........... 19
2.2.3 Calibration Routine ................. 20
Chapter 3 Design of the Portable ANS Analysis
System ............................... 22
3.1 System Architecture ..................... 22
3.2. Hardware Implementation ................ 23
3.2.1. The Noninvasive Physiological Signals
Measurement Unit ................... 23
3.2.2. The Signal Acquiring and Processing
Unit ............................... 24
3.2.3. The ANS Data Analysis Unit ......... 26
3.3. Software Design of ANS Analysis Unit ... 26
3.3.1 On-line Analysis .................... 28
3.3.2 Off-line Analysis ................... 30
Chapter 4 Experimental Results ................. 34
4.1 Experiment I: Music Stimuli in Human .... 34
4.1.1 Procedure ........................... 34
4.1.2 Results ............................. 35
4.2 Experiment II: Autonomic Reflex Tests ... 44
4.2.1 Procedure ........................... 44
4.2.2 Results ............................. 46
Chapter 5 Discussion ........................... 55
Chapter 6 Conclusion and future studies ........ 58
References ..................................... 59
Appendix A Basic concepts of ANS ............... 67
Appendix B Basic concepts of music stimuli ..... 70
Appendix C Philips SBC HC500 ................... 74
Appendix D Filter Bands for ANSI S1.11-1986 .... 75
Appendix E The details of the tonometric sensor 77
Vita (Chinese) ................................. 78

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