臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討於不同氧壓環境下，急性缺氧對人體無氧能力的影響。以32位健康的男性為受試者，分為上肢(N=22)和下肢(N=10)兩組人員，參與平地常氧和5,580公尺(低壓艙)低氧之30秒溫蓋特無氧能力測驗。溫蓋特測驗乃採用Monark 834E測功計，每5秒鐘記錄運動功率一次，並計算最大值、最小值、平均值、和衰減率。測驗後第20秒測量受試者的血氧飽和度和心跳率，第3分鐘測量血中乳酸濃度。本研究發現：(一)低氧顯著減少上肢的最大功率和平均功率。(二)低氧時的上、下肢運動後血氧飽和度因缺氧而有顯著大量降低現象；另外，低氧時的血乳酸濃度增加值比常氧時少，可能是因為缺氧誘導了周邊血管擴張，以致增加血乳酸排除速率，亦或因為低氧時的最大作功能力下降，導致血乳酸增加量亦變得較少。本研究建議，欲提升低氧時的無氧作功能力，平時應加強體能訓練，尤其是上肢的無氧能力訓練，以免因低氧因素造成過多的無氧能力損失；此外，為了避免體力活動降低了缺氧時的意識狀態，氧氣裝備的準備亦不可或缺。

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of acute hypoxia on human anaerobic capacity. Thirty-two physically healthy males volunteered to participate this study. They were assigned into two groups for testing work power of arms (N = 22) and legs (N = 10) at sea level and at 18,000 feet. A bicycle ergometer (Monark) was used to conduct the Wingate anaerobic power test in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Every 5 seconds work powers were recorded by the computer, which were computed as maximum, minum, average powers and power drop at the end of test. Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured using oximeter at the 20th seconds right after the maximal exercise. Blood sample was collected at the 3rd min of recovery period for analyzing lactate level. Oxygen equipment is available all the time for preventing subjects from hypoxic incidents. Maximum and average powers were significant decrease in arms during acute hypoxia exposure. A lower lactate level was showed after the exhausted arm exercise in hypoxic condition, which might be linked to vasodilation response, or lower anaerobic power output in hypoxia. It is suggested that those who perform heavy work in the moderate altitude should be equipped with oxygen apparatus and aware of the hypoxic syndromes exacerbated by physical activity. Besides, good physical fitness will improve the anaerobic capacity in hypoxia, especially the anaerobic capacity of upper limbs.

目 錄
第一章 緒 論---------------------------------------------1
第一節 研究動機----------------------------------------1
第二節 研究目的----------------------------------------3
第三節 研究假設----------------------------------------3
第四節 研究範圍與限制--------------------------------3
第五節 名詞解釋----------------------------------------4
第二章 文獻探討------------------------------------------6
第一節 缺氧生理-----------------------------------------6
第二節 無氧運動與無氧能力---------------------------8
第三節 缺氧對運動能力的限制-------------------------10
第四節 高地無氧能力的探討---------------------------12
第五節 減壓症-------------------------------------------13
第三章 材料與方法---------------------------------------15
第一節 研究對象-----------------------------------------15
第二節 研究時間與地點---------------------------------16
第三節 實驗設計-----------------------------------------17
第四節 實驗方法-----------------------------------------17
第五節 統計方法-----------------------------------------24
第四章 結果----------------------------------------------------25
第一節不同氧壓環境的上肢無氧能力比較-----------25
第二節不同氧壓環境的下肢無氧能力比較-----------27
第三節 不同氧壓環境的上肢無氧能力測驗前後之生理參數比較--------------------------------------28
第四節 不同氧壓環境的下肢無氧能力測驗前後之生理參數比較--------------------------------------32
第五節 總結----------------------------------------------33
第五章 討論----------------------------------------------------35
第一節 低氧對無氧能力的影響-------------------------35
第二節 急性缺氧時超最大運動強度的生理反應變化-37
第三節 運動縮短有效意識時間的警惕-----------------41
第六章 結論與建議---------------------------------------42
第一節 結論----------------------------------------------42
第二節 建議----------------------------------------------42
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------44
附錄------------------------------------------------------------51
附 錄 受試者須知與同意書---------------------------51

表 目 錄
表 3-1 溫蓋特無氧能力測驗各組受試者的基本測量值---- 15
表 4-1 不同氧壓環境的上肢無氧能力比較-------------- 25
表4-2 不同氧壓環境的下肢無氧能力比較-------------- 27
表 4- 3 不同氧壓環境的上肢無氧能力測驗前後之各項生理參數比較---------------------------- 28
表 4-4 不同氧壓環境的上肢無氧能力測驗之各項生理參 數差值比較----------------------------------29
表 4-55 不同氧壓環境的下肢無氧能力測驗前後之各項生理參數比較---------------------------- 32
表4-6 不同氧壓環境的下肢無氧能力測驗之各項生理參 數差值比較----------------------------------33

圖 目 錄
圖3-1 航空生理訓練中心的16人低壓艙外觀-----------16
圖3-2 實驗流程------------------------------------20
圖3-3 溫蓋特無氧測驗Ergomedic 834E軟體的列印資料--21
圖3-4 平地常氧的上肢溫蓋特無氧能力測驗------------22
圖3-5 平地常氧的下肢溫蓋特無氧能力測驗------------22
圖3-6 高地低氧的上肢溫蓋特無氧能力測驗------------23
圖3-7 高地低氧的下肢溫蓋特無氧能力測驗------------23
圖4-1 在不同氧壓環境時上下肢的最大功率和平均功率之比較---------------------------------------26
圖4-2 在不同氧壓環境時上下肢的功率衰減率之比較----26
圖4-3 不同氧壓環境時上下肢運動後20秒的血氧飽和度降低值之比較-------------------------------30
圖4-4 不同氧壓環境時上下肢運動後20秒的心跳率增加值之比較-----------------------------------30
圖4-5 不同氧壓環境時上下肢運動後3分鐘的血乳酸增加值之比較-----------------------------------31

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