臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

半導體產業的投資中，固定資產的支出，往往佔總資本支出之大宗，而機台設備採購支出又為資本支出中最為高者。因此半導體前段製程設備產業，身處整體產業的供應鏈當中，扮演相當重要之角色。是此本研究主要是針對台灣半導體企業，對於設備採購決策的評估準則，建立一套客觀公正的評估方式。
本研究針對半導體設備採購決策要素，乃是探討相關文獻並與半導體產業專家訪談，所發展而出的半導體設備採購決策層級模型。再利用層級分析法（AHP），以問卷調查方式，得出影響設備採購決策之評估準則權重。最後利用模糊多準則決策(Fuzzy MCDM) 方法，實證研究企業中對設備採購決策的評估個案，來確認本研究模式是否符合。最後研究的結果，證實本研究模式的可行性，並可作為研究個案之設備採購決策依據。
在本研究發現在各項決策評估準則中，『領先的製程技術』、『瓶頸機台突破』、『零配件與物料的取得』為相對較高權重的評估要素，重要度佔全體12項評估準則的43%。進一步按照問卷調查對象分群探討發現，不同職務類別的專業人員，在設備採購決策評估準則看法上，依其工作內容專業的領域，對於評估準則項目相關於其專業領域的部分，給予較高的權重考量。

This thesis focuses on a study entailing the determine action of critical factors responsible for sourcing of equipment of Taiwanese semiconductor firms. This research aims at establishing an objective evaluation model for an unbiased evaluation during the purchasing procedure.
An AHP method was used to analyze data obtained from literature analysis, expert interviews of the key managers, and general survey. A Fuzzy MCDM was also employed to substantiate the results obtained from the AHP analysis.
Results show that “advances in manufacturing technology”, “state-of-the-art instrumentation”, and “well-managed warehouse” are the factors with highest weights among the 12 factors analyzed. Collectively, these three factors are responsible for a 43% weight contribution in the final decision-making. Results also indicate that the higher weight is closely correlated with respondent''s areas of expertise.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究方法 4
1.4 研究流程 5
1.5 論文結構與限制 5
第二章 文獻探討 7
2.1 半導體設備市場簡介 7
2.1.1 全球半導體設備產業市場 7
2.1.2台灣半導體設備市場 9
2.1.3半導體設備業的特性 11
2.2 供應商評選方式探討 13
2.2.1 製造商與供應商的競爭關係 14
2.2.2 製造商與供應商的合作關係 14
2.2.3 供應商的評估準則 15
2.3影響半導體設備採購策略因素 17
2.3.1半導體設備供應商評選之關鍵因素 17
2.3.2半導體設備採購之特質 17
2.3.3 半導體機台採購決策要素分析 18
2.3.4影響半導體設備採購策略因素的研究 18
第三章 研究方法 21
3.1 專家訪談法 21
3.1.1 訪談問題設計 21
3.1.2 專家訪談背景 22
3.2 層級分析法（AHP） 22
3.3 模糊理論（Fuzzy Theory） 24
3.3.1模糊數（Fuzzy Number） 24
3.3.2 語意變數（Linguistic Variable） 26
3.4 模糊多準則決策（Fuzzy MCDM） 27
3.4.1 評估項目的測度 27
3.4.2 模糊綜合評判 27
3.4.3方案排序（Ranking the Alternative） 28
3.4.4 理想解趨近法（TOPSIS） 29
第四章 設備採購決策要素階層模型 31
4.1 供應商因素衡量構面 32
4.2 製造因素衡量構面 33
4.3 工程因素衡量構面 34
第五章 設備採購決策要素階層模型之評估 36
5.1 設備採購決策階層評估模型 36
5.1.1 問卷回收與評估準則權重計算 36
5.1.2評估準則權重解析 36
5.1.3 專業領域評估對象之差異性分析 38
5.2 個案企業製程設備採購決策之實證研究 41
第六章 結論與建議 44
6.1 結論 44
6.2 建議 45
參考文獻 46

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