臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘　要
人體的生理訊號往往可轉換成電子訊號，因此透過電子儀器便能量測這些生理訊號，並且加以記錄與分析，心電圖訊號(ECG)便是其中一種常見的典型例子。
由於現存的心電圖訊號量測儀器皆是封閉式系統，能由儀器所獲得的資訊多半受到限制，並非想要的原始資訊，為了得到更多、更完整的資訊，本文設計組裝了一套心電圖訊號的擷取裝置，以便進行不同的測試與分析。
心電圖訊號一直是用來判定心臟疾病的有利工具，如心率不整、心室肥大、心室顫動等的判定都需借助心電圖訊號，但是這些心臟疾病的判斷是由醫生經由時域的心電圖訊號波形特徵來判定，所以有賴於醫生的經驗，在本文中希望利用設計組裝的儀器量取心電圖訊號資料，再將資料經由系統鑑別的方法將心臟的系統建立出來，並比較正常人與心臟疾病患者的心臟系統相關性，期望能藉此方法幫助醫生判斷心臟疾病。

第一章　緒論..............................................1
1-1研究目的與動機...................................1
1-2文獻回顧.........................................3
1-3論文架構.........................................4
1-4使用儀器.........................................6
第二章　心電圖訊號如何產生................................7
2-1電與心臟.........................................7
2-1-1電如何在細胞傳遞.................................7
2-1-2心臟的三種細胞...................................9
2-2P波、QRS波組、T波及線段.........................10
2-2-1　 P波.............................................10
2-2-2　 QRS波組.........................................11
2-2-3　 T波.............................................12
2-2-4　 線段............................................12
2-3心臟的十二導極..................................14
2-3-1六個肢導極......................................15
2-3-2六個心前導極....................................16
第三章　心電圖訊號擷取裝置的硬體介紹.....................19
3-1擷取流程介紹....................................19
3-2電路介紹........................................21
3-1-1使用的工作IC....................................23
3-1-2儀表放大器......................................23
3-1-3類比止帶濾波器..................................25
3-1-4類比高通濾波器..................................28
3-1-5類比低通濾波器..................................32
3-1-6訊號放大器......................................34
3-3完成硬體介紹....................................36
3-3-1　 電路板..........................................36
3-3-2　 訊號線..........................................38
3-3-3　 電源供應器及外殼................................38
3-4　 討論............................................41
第四章　數位濾波及Labview程式............................42
4-1數位濾波........................................42
4-1-1數位高通濾波....................................42
4-1-2R波的偵測.......................................43
4-1-3數位低通濾波....................................49
4-2　 Labview程式.....................................53
4-2-1　 心電圖資料擷取程式..............................53
4-2-2　 心電圖觀察程式..................................54
第五章　心臟系統模型建立.................................56
5-1　 心臟系統模型建立................................56
5-1-1　 系統鑑別的方法..................................56
5-1-2　 建立的系統......................................59
5-2　 討論............................................65
第六章　結論與未來展望...................................67
6-1　 結論............................................67
6-2　 未來展望........................................68
附錄.....................................................70
參考文獻.................................................79

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