臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著使用者的遽增與服務品質需求的提高，以目前無線技術而言，要達到使用者的需求仍很勉強，所以如何善用無線資源，來分配較高的權限給正在交遞的使用者(handoff call)降低其dropping probability來達到服務持續性的品質是很重要的。透過Mobile IP的行動管理，使用者移動時所產生的資訊可用來辨識call的屬性，並結合IPv6的特性及其延伸構想來改善效能將是值得探討的議題。異於Mobile IPv6，階層式Mobile IPv6主要新增的元件，MAP (Mobility Anchor Point)，用來管理MN的局部移動。故若藉著局部有線端充足的資源下之低延遲性來運作行動管理，並將MAP管理MN時所得到的資料以作為允入控制之參數，將可對所造成的影響及相對tradeoff作效能分析。當服務隨時隨地都在進行時，行動用戶所要求的會趨向服務的持續性，在移動行為不導致服務中斷的情形下，進而才有探討其品質的餘地，所以允入控制是個非常關鍵的機制。故本文所探討的範疇即在階層式Mobile IPv6環境下，研究系統如何運作允入控制，及提出以mobility-based資訊為參數的允入控制，讓使用者在交遞時 (handoff call)擁有一定的持續性，而連線時 (new call) 亦可減少被拒絕的情況，並探討其所造成的衝擊及評估整體系統效能。

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目錄
目錄……………………………………………………………I
圖目錄……………………………………………………………III
表目錄……………………………………………………………VI
第一章緒論………………………………………………………1
1.1前言…………………………………………………1
1.2IP的需求性…………………………………………2
1.2.1Mobile IPv4簡介及其當前遭遇的問題……2
1.2.2Mobile IPv6的未來趨勢……………………5
1.3Call Admission Control簡介…………………………6
1.4研究動機……………………………………………8
1.5論文架構……………………………………………9

第二章相關背景及研究…………………………………………10
2.1IPv6…………………………………………………10
2.1.1延伸標頭的功用………………………………13
2.1.1.1Routing標頭…………………………13
2.1.1.2Destination Options標頭……………15
2.2Mobile IPv6…………………………………………16
2.2.1運作原理………………………………………17
2.2.1.1新增項目……………………………18
2.2.1.2註冊與更新…………………………18
2.2.2.Mobile IPv6所延伸的問題…………………19
2.3Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6)…………………20
2.3.1基本運作………………………………………22
2.3.2局部管理………………………………………24
2.4Call Admission Control………………………………26
2.4.1Guard Channel Policy (GCP)…………………26
2.4.2Fractional Guard Channel Policy (FGCP)……27
2.4.3Limited Fractional Guard Channel Policy (LFGCP)………………………………………28
2.5結語…………………………………………………29

第三章Mobility-Based CAC機制…………………………………30
3.1前言…………………………………………………30
3.2Mobility………………………………………………31
3.3Mobility-Based動態調整CAC………………………34
3.3.1Mobility-Based GCP (MBGCP)………………36
3.3.2Mobility-Based FGCP (MBFGCP)……………39
3.3.3Mobility-Based LFGCP (MBLFGCP)………42

第四章模擬架構與數據分析……………………………………45
4.1模擬架構……………………………………………45
4.2數據分析……………………………………………47
4.2.1GCP vs. MBGCP (guard channel = 1)…………50
4.2.2GCP vs. MBGCP (guard channel = 2)…………61
4.2.3FGCP vs. MBFGCP……………………………70
4.2.4LFGCP vs. MBLFGCP (guard channel = 1)…80
4.2.5LFGCP vs. MBLFGCP (guard channel = 2)…88
4.2.6MBGCP，MBFGCP與MBLFGCP之比較……96

第五章結論………………………………………………………98
參考文獻……………………………………………………………100















圖目錄
圖1-1行動使用者容量需求之說明……………………………7
圖2-1IPv4標頭格式……………………………………………11
圖2-2IPv6標頭格式……………………………………………11
圖2-3IPv6介面ID轉換過程……………………………………12
圖2-4Routing標頭格式…………………………………………14
圖2-5Destination Options標頭格式……………………………16
圖2-6MAP option訊息格式……………………………………22
圖2-7MAP運作解說……………………………………………23
圖2-8BU訊息格式(HMIPv6)…………………………………24
圖2-9GCP演算法………………………………………………26
圖2-10FGCP演算法……………………………………………27
圖2-11LFGCP演算法……………………………………………28
圖3-1BU訊息格式(自訂欄位)…………………………………32
圖3-2MAP分層示意圖…………………………………………32
圖3-3MAP的運作流程…………………………………………34
圖3-4MBGCP演算法…………………………………………38
圖3-5MBFGCP演算法…………………………………………41
圖3-6 函數之曲線……………………………………………42
圖3-7MBLFGCP演算法………………………………………44
圖4-1模擬架構…………………………………………………45
圖4-2具統計高交遞率使用者比例功能的HMIPv6之BU格
式…………………………………………………………46
圖4-3 =3.5s時uncontrolled之BP、DP及B&DP…………49
圖4-4 =3.5s時uncontrolled之blocking及dropping的call
數…………………………………………………………49
圖4-5(a) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP………………54
圖4-5(b) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………54
圖4-5(c) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………55
圖4-5(d) =4.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…55
圖4-6(a) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP………………56
圖4-6(b) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………56
圖4-6(c) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………57
圖4-6(d) =3.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…57
圖4-7(a) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP………………58
圖4-7(b) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………58
圖4-7(c) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………59
圖4-7(d) =2.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…59
圖4-8 =3.5s，MBGCP( =24.0s， =39.0s，nuth=0.9)
vs. GCP……………………………………………………60
圖4-9 =3.5s，new call因滿載被blocking之比例………60
圖4-10(a) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP………………63
圖4-10(b) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………63
圖4-10(c) =4.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………64
圖4-10(d) =4.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…64
圖4-11(a) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP)……………65
圖4-11(b) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………65
圖4-11(c) =3.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………66
圖4-11(d) =3.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…66
圖4-12(a) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. GCP………………67
圖4-12(b) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. GCP………………67
圖4-12(c) =2.5s，MBGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. GCP………………68
圖4-12(d) =2.5s，uncontrolled、GCP與MBGCP之B&DP…68
圖4-13 =3.5s，new call因滿載被blocking之比例………69
圖4-14b=0.04之 曲線…………………………………………70
圖4-15(a) =4.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. FGCP……………73
圖4-15(b) =4.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. FGCP……………73
圖4-15(c) =4.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. FGCP……………74
圖4-15(d) =4.5s，uncontrolled、FGCP與MBFGCP之B&DP74
圖4-16(a) =3.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. FGCP……………75
圖4-16(b) =3.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. FGCP……………75
圖4-16(c) =3.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. FGCP……………76
圖4-16(d) =3.5s，uncontrolled、FGCP與MBFGCP之B&DP76
圖4-17(a) =2.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. FGCP……………77
圖4-17(b) =2.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. FGCP……………77
圖4-17(c) =2.5s，MBFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. FGCP……………78
圖4-17(d) =2.5s，uncontrolled、FGCP與MBFGCP之B&DP78
圖4-18 =3.5s，new call因滿載被blocking之比例………79
圖4-19(a) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………81
圖4-19(b) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………81
圖4-19(c) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………82
圖4-19(d) =4.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………82
圖4-20(a) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………83
圖4-20(b) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………83
圖4-20(c) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………84
圖4-20(d) =3.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………84
圖4-21(a) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………85
圖4-21(b) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………85
圖4-21(c) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………86
圖4-21(d) =2.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………86
圖4-22 =3.5s，new call因滿載被blocking之比例………87
圖4-23(a) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………89
圖4-23(b) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………89
圖4-23(c) =4.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………90
圖4-23(d) =4.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………90
圖4-24(a) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………91
圖4-24(b) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………91
圖4-24(c) =3.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………92
圖4-24(d) =3.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………92
圖4-25(a) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.96) vs. LFGCP………93
圖4-25(b) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.9) vs. LFGCP…………93
圖4-25(c) =2.5s，MBLFGCP(nuth=0.8) vs. LFGCP…………94
圖4-25(d) =2.5s，uncontrolled、LFGCP與MBLFGCP之
B&DP……………………………………………………94
圖4-26 =3.5s，new call因滿載被blocking之比例………95
圖4-27 =3.5s，各種機制的BP之比較……………………97
圖4-28 =3.5s，各種機制的DP之比較……………………97



表目錄
表1-1Mobile IPv4與Mobile IPv6之特性比較…………………6
表2-1Routing標頭運作解說表例………………………………15
表4-1模擬參數…………………………………………………48

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